laser international No. 4, 2018

Cover / Editorial / Content / Implant uncovering using the Er:YAG laser / Modern technologies in the treatment of periodontal disease Synergistic benefits / Removal of a fibroma using an Er:YAG laser / Successful communication in your daily practice Part VIII: How to take away the patient’s fears / Communication skills in the dental practice / International dental laser community gathered for World Congress / The World Congress as a turning point for laser dentistry / Manufacturer news / News international / Editorial / 16. Weltkongress in der Laserzahnheilkunde - 30 Jahre Laserinnovationen / News Germany / Imprint

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issn 2193-4665 • Vol. 10 • Issue 4/2018

laser
international magazine of laser dentistry

case report
Implant uncovering
using the Er:YAG laser

industry
Removal of a ﬁbroma

events
16th World Congress in Laser Dentistry

4/18

[2] =>

M.Sc. Lasers in Dentistry
Specialist in dental laser therapies

Next Start: 23rd September 2019 | Aachen, Germany | 4 semesters

Aachen Dental Laser Center - AALZ
Pauwelsstraße 17 | 52074 Aachen | Germany
phone +49241 47 57 13 10 | fax +49 241 47 57 13 29
info@aalz.de
www.aalz.de

RWTH International Academy
Kackertstraße 10 | 52072 Aachen | Germany
phone +49 241 80 23543 | fax +49 241 80 92525
info@academy.rwth-aachen.de
www.academy rwth-aachen.de

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMMES

Your contact for more information: Leon Vanweersch • vanweersch@aalz.de - www.aalz.de

[3] =>

editorial

Prof. Dr Norbert Gutknecht
ISLD President

30 years of ISLD—an anniversary,
a milestone and a new beginning
Dear friends of laser dentistry,
Back in 1988, laser pioneers from different countries
met in Tokyo, Japan, to discuss the application of laser
technologies in dentistry. Since there were already scientific associations for general medicine at that point,
the idea was formed to found one for dentistry as well.
As a result, the International Society for Laser Dentistry (ISLD) was born. This year, the ISLD celebrated its
30th birthday with the 16th World Congress in Laser Dentistry, which was held at the RWTH Aachen University
in Germany. The event lasting multiple days was hosted
by three associations: The DGL, the WFLD (in 2006, the
ISLD changed its name to WFLD) and the WALED, an
alumni organisation of the RWTH Aachen University.
The congress welcomed over 540 participants from
49 countries, 38 speakers and virtually all major laser
manufacturers. Over the course of three days, 125 short
lectures and 89 digital poster presentations were given.
Looking back, it is not without a certain pride that we can
say that the event was the largest and most successful
congress in laser dentistry of the last thirty years. At the
closing ceremony and the membership meeting, it was
proposed to bring the name ISLD and the association’s
original organisational structure back to life, thus embracing its former academic dignity and scientific objective.
By an overwhelming majority, the proposal was accepted
and put into practice. The vast amount of incoming membership applications from entire national laser societies,
private laser practitioners, as well as scientists from all
over the world has exceeded everyone’s expectations.

At last, the ISLD is the ISLD again. The society will continue to focus on scientific, academic and clinical issues
regarding laser dentistry on a global scale—in medical,
dental and social professional associations.
At this point, I would like to take the opportunity to
express my deepest gratitude to all visitors, speakers,
exhibitors and my entire organisational team, who have
contributed to making the World Congress in Aachen
such a great success.
I wish all our readers and our colleagues, who were not
able to attend the anniversary celebrations, all the very
best for the coming year 2019 and much success in the
laser assisted treatment of patients and in conducting
scientific research at universities. In addition, I wish all
laser manufacturers, and our exhibitors in particular, a
successful business year 2019.
On behalf of the ISLD Executive Board, I am sending
you my warmest greetings and I am looking forward to
welcoming you at the ISLD International European Congress in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, next June.

Yours

Prof. Dr Norbert Gutknecht

4 2018

[4] =>

| content
editorial
30 years of ISLD—an anniversary, a milestone and a new beginning

03

Prof. Dr Norbert Gutknecht

case report
Implant uncovering using the Er:YAG laser

06

Dr Piotr Roszkiewicz
page 10

industry
Modern technologies in the treatment of periodontal disease

10

Dr Carmine Prisco

Removal of a fibroma using an Er:YAG laser

16

Dr Sigalit Blumer & Prof. Roly Kornblit

practice management
Successful communication in your daily practice
page 16

20

Dr Anna Maria Yiannikos

Communication skills in the dental practice

22

Dr Imneet Madan

events
International dental laser community gathered for World Congress

26

interview
The World Congress as a turning point for laser dentistry
page 26

28

news
manufacturer news

30

news international

31

DGL
30 Jahre ISLD – ein Jubiläumsjahr, ein Meilenstein, ein Neuanfang

35

Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht

16. Weltkongress in der Laserzahnheilkunde
Cover image courtesy of Fotona d.o.o.
www.fotona.com
4/18

issn 2193-4665 • Vol. 10 • Issue 4/2018

laser

international magazine of laser dentistry

case report

Implant uncovering
using the Er:YAG laser

industry

Removal of a fibroma

events

16th World Congress in Laser Dentistry

04

4 2018

36

Prof. Dr. Dr. Siegfried Jänicke

news germany

40

about the publisher
imprint

42

[5] =>

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[6] =>

| case report

Implant uncovering
using the Er:YAG laser
Dr Piotr Roszkiewicz, Poland

Implantology, both in Poland and worldwide,
Literature
is currently a strongly growing field of dentistry.
In order to obtain long-term outcomes with the
highest possible aesthetics, an implant must be
placed as least invasively as possible. Another
important factor is the implantation technique
and the management of the surrounding soft
tissue, both during the implantation procedure and in the
prosthetic stage.
The technique used for flap incision and suturing the
mucosa over the implant affects the wound healing time.
The next important stage in the two-stage technique is
implant uncovering. There are various ways to perform
this procedure, for example by an incision according to
the conventional technique, then uncovering the implant
and attaching the healing cap. This, however, is often
associated with suturing, which prolongs the time before
impressions can be taken.
If bone grows on to the cover screw, its unscrewing
is more difficult. Then, in order to place the healing cap,
bone removal or scraping, as well as alveoloplasty, needs
to be performed. Many implant companies offer special
sets called bone profilers that facilitate the work, but the
procedure time and the duration of the prosthetic stage
are nonetheless prolonged.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

An alternative method of uncovering an implant is with the use of laser. Diode, carbon dioxide, Nd:YAG or Er:YAG lasers can be applied
for this purpose. Diode and Nd:YAG lasers can
only be used if the bone has not grown on to the
cover screw. The advantage of the Nd:YAG laser
application is no bleeding during the preparation
of the mucosa and after the procedure; however, there is
the drawback of thermal effects on the bone surrounding
the implant and on the implant itself. The optimal solution
is the application of the Er:YAG laser, which works perfectly on the mucosa and bone without negative effects.
Both the first and second stages of implant treatment
are associated with discomfort and temporary pain for
the patient. In their pilot study, Arnabat-Domínguez et al.
proved that the application of Er:YAG lasers in implant
uncovering eliminated the necessity for local anaesthesia
and minimised postoperative pain, as well as the healing
time before the prosthetic stage.1 In the study, no differences were observed regarding the success of implant
treatment. Further advantages of laser application are the
antimicrobial effect and the ease of the procedure.
The incision or removal of a mucosal fragment covering
the cover screw leads to disruption of the microcirculation
in the operation area. Kulakov et al. showed significant

Fig. 3

Fig. 1: Determining the location of the implants. Fig. 2: Uncovering of the cover screw with Er:YAG laser contra-angle handpiece H14 and a cylindrical tip of 1.3 mm
in diameter. Fig. 3: Laser parameters used during the procedure.

4 2018

[7] =>

EXCEED
differences in the critical time for restoring the microcirculation in the operation
area.2 After conventional implant uncovering—by the use of a scalpel—the time
needed is 14 days, while with the use of
an Er:YAG laser, it is only three days.
Esposito et al. showed that implant
uncovering with the use of an Er:YAG
laser compared with the classic flap
technique led to smaller postoperative
side effects.3 This difference was statistically significant.
Fornaini et al. compared four wavelengths (532; 810; 1,064 and 2,940 nm)
for implant uncovering in their study and
registered thermal changes with the use
of thermal cameras.4 They concluded
that the Er:YAG (2,064 nm) causes the
smallest temperature increase in the
implant and the surrounding tissue. The
ex vivo study also showed that, during
laser application with the recommended
parameters, there is no risk of a dangerous temperature increase in the implant
and tissue.
As observed by Maden, the Er:YAG
laser works perfectly for contouring the
bone surrounding the implant, gingival
correction or implant uncovering in a
two-stage technique, not causing thermal damage in soft and hard tissue, or
in the implant itself.5–7 Such damage occurs while using standard rotary tools. In
accordance with the procedure, during
implant uncovering with the use of the
Er:YAG laser, there is no need to admin-

Fig. 4

ister local anaesthesia. Another advantage is the possibility of taking impressions of the implant area in the same visit
because the gingiva is not overheated
and it will retain its shape and position
later on. Owing to the application of the
Er:YAG laser and cold ablation, there is
no risk of damaging the bone surrounding the implant or the implant itself.

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Case presentation
A 37-year-old female patient appeared
for the planned procedure of implant
uncovering in regions #35–37. TSIII
implants (Osstem Implant) had been
placed four months earlier by applying
the classic flap technique.
In order to minimise the postoperative
effects and to shorten the healing time,
it was decided to apply an Er:YAG laser
(LightWalker, Fotona) in this procedure.
By means of a positioner used in the first
part of implantation, the approximate
location of the implants was established.
Under local anaesthesia with articaine,
the cover screws were located and their
locations marked (Fig. 1).
In the procedure, the H14 contact
contra-angle handpiece and a cylindrical tip with a 1.3 mm diameter were
used. The tip, despite its name, was
kept at 1 mm from the tissue (Fig. 2).
The laser parameters used during the
procedure are shown in Figure 3. In
the final stage of implant uncovering,
when the operation area was in the

Fig. 5

Figs. 4 & 5: Final stage of implant uncovering with adjusted laser parameters to avoid thermal damage.

Cosmetics

Therapy

Periodontics

Endodontics

Surgery

Implantology

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[8] =>

| case report

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 10

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Figs. 6–9: Healing caps screwed on to the implants. Uneventful healing. Figs. 10–12: Properly healing tissue at the time of impression taking.

immediate vicinity of the implant-to-bone border, in order to avoid thermal effects, parameters were modified as follows: water to 2 and air to 4 (Figs. 4 & 5).
Other parameters remained unchanged.
The healing caps were then screwed on to the implants.
The patient did not complain of any discomfort. No inflammation or any abnormalities were reported during the
healing time (Figs. 6–9). At the time of impression taking,
properly healing tissue was observed (Figs. 10–12).

Conclusion
Implant uncovering in a two-stage technique using an
Er:YAG laser is a faster method and better tolerated by
patients than the classical flap technique. Through cold
ablation, the Er:YAG laser allows the operator to sig-

nificantly shorten the treatment time without causing
thermal damage to the implant or the tissue surrounding
it. It further considerably reduces wound healing time,
as well as the risk of infection. Problems experienced by
patients are also less significant.

contact
Dr Piotr Roszkiewicz
Member of PTSL, PSSM
Director of the Laser and
Health Academy Poland Training Center
Klinika na Brzozowej
Brzozowa 41
05-080 Laski, Poland
klinikanabrzozowej@wp.pl

Author details

Kurz & bündig
Das Freilegen von Implantaten mithilfe des Er:YAG-Lasers stellt eine schnellere und besser verträgliche Alternative zur klassischen
Zahnfleischöffnung mittels Inzision dar. Hat sich über dem Implantat bereits Knochen gebildet, wird diese konventionelle Behandlung
weiter erschwert und die prothetische Phase verlängert. Durch Kaltablation ermöglicht der Er:YAG-Laser es dem Behandler, die Behandlungszeit deutlich zu verringern ohne Hitzeschäden am Implantat oder dem umliegenden Gewebe zu verursachen. Des Weiteren wird die
Heilungsdauer beachtlich verkürzt und das Infektionsrisiko reduziert. Der Autor beschreibt dieses Vorgehen am Fallbeispiel einer 37-jährigen Patientin. Die Freilegung der Implantate erfolgte im Anschluss an eine viermonatige Einheilphase in einem zweiphasigen Verfahren.
Die je Phase angewendeten Laserparameter zur Implantatfreilegung mithilfe des LightWalker Er:YAG-Lasers von Fotona werden detailliert
wiedergegeben. Die Einheilkäppchen konnten im Anschluss problemlos aufgesetzt werden. Die Patientin klagte über keinerlei Beschwerden und die folgende Einheilzeit verlief unauffällig ohne Entzündungen. Nach Verwendung des Lasers zur Freilegung der Implantate ist
keinerlei Wundnaht notwendig womit die notwendige Einheildauer vor Abdrucknahme weiter verkürzt werden kann.

4 2018

[9] =>

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[10] =>

| industry

Modern technologies in the
treatment of periodontal disease
Synergistic benefits
Dr Carmine Prisco, Italy

A private healthcare activity follows the same principles that are applicable to any professional activity that
interacts with a heterogeneous public. In fact, also for a
dental office, knowledge and reputation are fundamental assets for a successful professional activity and need
to act in synergy and are mutually reinforcing.1 The graph
shows how investing in technology is crucial for the optimisation of a dentist’s activity (Fig. 1).

Standard laser-assisted
full-mouth disinfection protocol

Hence, the digital transformation and the technological evolution of dental surgery represent an exceptional
opportunity today for the general dentist to develop his
or her activity.

The standard protocol for LAFMD treatment consists
of the following four phases:

Offering patients suitable therapies represents the ethical principle on which all medical, and thus dental, activities are based, guaranteeing patients predictable results,
reduced treatment times, greater comfort, minimal invasiveness and better care. These are the guiding principles
of technologically supported dentistry completely oriented
towards patients’ needs, well-being and comfort.

To show how modern technologies available to all dental
surgeries can support the dental care by improving treatment protocols, periodontal disease and, in particular, a
specific treatment, denominated laser-assisted full-mouth
disinfection (LAFMD), are considered in this article.

First phase:
–– 0.2 % chlorhexidine
–– Ultrasonic scaler
–– Air polishing decontamination
Second phase (periodontal pockets of 5 mm or deeper):
–– Deep ultrasonic and manual scaling
–– Air polishing decontamination
–– Laser debridement

Optimisation of the professional activity

Knowledge

organisation
&
culture

Reputation

formal knowledge

public
reputation

exploitation
specialisation

TECHNOLOGY

education

Fig. 1: Optimisation of the dentist’s activity by investment in technology.

10

4 2018

networked
reputation

trust-based
relationship

[11] =>

industry

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 2: The patient is shown intraoral scans throughout all treatment phases. Fig. 3: Radiographic examination. Fig. 4: Periodontal probing. Fig. 5: 3D model
shown to the patient for better understanding and motivation.

–– Application of 1 % chlorhexidine gel to the pockets
–– Laser analgesic treatment
Third phase:
–– Photodynamic treatment
–– Antibiotic treatment in the pockets
–– Biostimulation
Fourth phase:
–– Compliance check and follow-up
Periodontal disease is so prevalent that it is the sixth
most common disease in the world. According to the
data in the literature and to the 2018 classification,2 considering all four stages of the disease, it is present in 70 %
of the population aged between 35 and 44 years, in 90 %
of 45- to 80-year-olds, and in 4 % of 18- to 34-year-olds.3
Hence, the treatment of periodontal disease constitutes an important part of the daily activity of a dental
surgery. Offering effective therapeutic protocols that are
affordable for the whole population thus represents a
relevant social duty for the modern dentist.

It is particularly fundamental for periodontal therapy to
be aimed at managing the inflammation that accompanies the disease, which has strong associations with systemic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease
and other chronic illnesses.
LAFMD is a non-surgical minimally invasive protocol
aimed at the treatment of the various forms of periodontitis, and it has been defined according to experimental
scientific results in the literature. This protocol benefits
from the use of different technologies and is performed
by the dentist and the hygienist in collaboration.
The treatment is adapted according to the degree of
periodontitis, and the age, and individual condition of the
patient.

Application of the LAFMD protocol
When performing a periodontal treatment, it is fundamental that the patient fully complies with the dentist’s
instructions throughout the whole treatment plan. To
achieve this goal, the intraoral scanner Condor (Biotech

4 2018

[12] =>

| industry
cally, contributing to the diagnosis, which involves standard methodologies such as radiographic examination
(Fig. 3) and periodontal charting (Fig. 4).
Showing the patient digital 3D models (Fig. 5) of his
or her mouth and discussing his or her individual situation with the patient is the most effective way to motivate
and retain him or her, as the patient becomes aware of
the evolution of his or her mouth throughout the treatment plan.
First phase
The first phase of the LAFMD treatment is aimed at an
initial mechanical removal of the main aetiological agents
of the disease: calculus and biofilm. Air polishing decontamination is added to the standard initial preparation
processes involving ultrasonic scalers and pharmacological therapy.

Fig. 6

Dental) should be used in every stage of the treatment
to engage the patient by showing him or her 3D colour
models of the mouth (Fig. 2).
Hence, during the first visit, an intraoral scan of the
sectors to be treated needs to be performed systemati-

In the practice of the author, the AIR-FLOW Master
Piezon unit (EMS; Fig. 6) is used to carry out subgingival air polishing with erythritol powder (AIR-FLOW PLUS
powder, EMS; mean grain size of 14 µm) that contained
0.3 % chlorhexidine. During the procedure, a special disposable nozzle made from thermoplastic elastomer is
used (Fig. 7).
The air–powder mixture exits from the previously mentioned nozzle horizontally, while the water exits from an
outlet at the tip of the nozzle and simultaneously irrigates
the pocket for five seconds. After the procedure with the
AIR-FLOW Master Piezon unit is completed, instrumentation with the ultrasonic scaler of the same device is
performed (Fig. 8). These treatments are commonly conducted without anaesthesia.

Fig. 7

The international literature clearly shows the improved
results in controlling the aetiological factors resulting from
this procedure4, 5 and shows the ability to preserve the
root cementum, as this methodology requires less use
of manual curettes.6
Second phase
In cases of advanced disease, that is sites with periodontal pockets of 5 mm depth and more, a second
phase to control the disease is necessary. In such cases,
the dentist can apply a 980 nm diode laser of 10 W, which
can be used not only in surgery, but also in the treatment
of periodontal disease.

Fig. 8
Fig. 6: Subgingival air polishing performed with an AIR-FLOW Master Piezon
unit. Fig. 7: A special disposable nozzle made from thermoplastic elastomer
is used during the procedure. Fig. 8: Treatment with the ultrasonic scaler of
the device.

4 2018

In the second phase, the PRIMO diode laser ( MEDENCY;
Fig. 9) is a main tool of the protocol, being used with single-use fibres of 10 mm in length and 400 µ in thickness.
The programme is set on a pulsed modality of 30 on/70
off, 2.4 W and 25 seconds in order to conduct a deep debridement of the root surface and to remove the inflamed
tissue inside the pocket (Figs. 10a & b).

[13] =>

industry

The literature documents that diode lasers have a bactericidal, bacteriostatic and antitoxic function.7
Significantly better results in bacterial reduction are thus achieved with
diode laser therapy in comparison
to therapy without laser. The bleeding index improved in 96.6 % of cases
treated with the laser, compared with
only 66.7 % of cases treated with standard
methodologies. Pocket depth is also reduced more significantly in cases treated
with laser.7
The diode laser helps to reduce inflammation in
the periodontal pockets in addition to scaling. Diode laser therapy, in combination with scaling, thus supports healing of the periodontal pockets through eliminating bacteria.
Various studies have shown that the predictability of
the results obtained using a 980 nm diode laser of 10 W
has improved.8 They have also shown that ultrasonic air
polishing decontamination and use of a diode laser improve both the efficiency of treatment and the prognosis, stopping the progress of the disease, gaining clinical
attachment and decreasing pocket depth.9

Fig. 9

In this phase, a 1 % chlorhexidine gel is used inside the
periodontal pockets to extend and strengthen the effect
of the 980 nm laser.10 The versatility of the diode laser
allows the operator to employ two preset programmes:
analgesic therapy and biostimulation. These are especially practical and useful at the end of a particularly demanding therapeutic session.
A session of analgesic therapy, in particular, is usually
performed after deep debridement using the dedicated

Fig. 10a

Fig. 11

Fig. 10b

Fig. 12

Fig. 9: The PRIMO laser can be applied in the second phase for treating deep periodontal pockets. Figs. 10a & b: Laser settings used during debridement
of the root surface and the removal of the inflamed tissue. Fig. 11: Laser settings applied during analgesic therapy with the PRIMO laser. Fig. 12: Insertion of
10% iodopovidone solution with a laser fibre.

4 2018

[14] =>

| industry

Fig. 13

Fig. 14b

Fig. 14a

Fig. 15

Fig. 13: Laser settings used for photodynamic-photothermal therapy. Fig. 14a: Biostimulation using the laser. Fig. 14b: Laser parameters for biostimulation.
Fig. 15: Situation at the end of the third phase: reduction of pocket depth and no inflammation.

handpiece of the PRIMO laser in continuous mode for
60 seconds at a power of 2 W (Fig. 11).
Third phase
The third phase is aimed at controlling the activity of
the bacteria present in the periodontal pockets. The results of experimental research have demonstrated the
inability of surgical scaling and root planing to obtain a
total mechanical removal of the aetiological factors. Resorting to systemic antibiotic therapies does, however,
not meet unanimous approval of dentists. Hence, photodynamic therapy has recently evolved by applying past
knowledge to laser technology.11
Therefore, photodynamic-photothermal therapy, having a bactericidal effect, is associated with the suitable
topical antibiotic medications. A 10 % iodopovidone solution is conveyed inside the pocket before inserting the
fibre of the PRIMO laser (Fig. 12), employing a pulsed
modality of 50 on/50 off for 30 seconds per pocket at a
power of 2 W (Fig. 13).8, 12
The objective of using this technique is to achieve a drastic reduction of the bacterial load inside the pocket. The laser also plays a fundamental role in the regeneration of the
fibroblasts and in gingival attachment. The results of some
studies in the literature have demonstrated that non-surgical laser applications modulate behaviour of gingival fibroblasts, which leads to inducing growth factor mRNA expres-

4 2018

sion as a consequence. These applications can be used to
improve periodontal wound healing.13 To aid tissue healing,
this procedure is completed with biostimulation executed
for 60 seconds with power set to 1 W using the dedicated
handpiece of the laser (Figs. 14a & b). The LAFMD protocol is especially suitable in the treatment of peri-implantitis,
a specific form of periodontal disease, which is increasingly
occurring with the evolution of modern dentistry.
Scientific studies have demonstrated better short-term
results when protocols involving diode lasers are applied
for the treatment of peri-implantitis compared with protocols that do not involve them.14 Therefore, in the decontamination of sites affected by peri-implantitis, this protocol is a valid auxiliary instrument. As tests conducted six
months after the protocol was performed showed a partial bacterial recolonisation,15 it should be recommended
to the patient to undergo the protocol twice a year.
At this stage of the treatment, the absence of inflammation and the reduction of pocket depth in the absence
of bleeding are evident results (Fig. 15). The patient can
maintain these results over time by complying with the
correct guidelines provided by the dentist and by receiving adequate assistance.
Fourth phase
In the fourth phase, the patient’s compliance plays a
particularly fundamental role in the success of the ther-

[15] =>

industry

Fig. 16

Fig. 17

Fig. 16: Final situation after treatment: stable mucosa and no bleeding. Fig. 17: 3D colour model of the final result used to strengthen patient motivation
regarding follow-up compliance.

apy of periodontal disease. It is important to establish an
individual and specific follow-up schedule for each patient to check the results over time, monitor the evolution
of the disease and schedule the next follow-up sessions.
In this phase, it is fundamental to show the results
achieved to the patient in order to strongly motivate him
or her to maintain correct oral hygiene at home and to
attend the follow-up sessions. A correctly performed
LAFMD provides an immediate sensation of well-being
to the patient, who experiences the absence of inflammation and bleeding, together with a new-found dental
stability (Fig. 16). To support this, the 3D colour models
obtained thanks to the Condor scanner are of exceptional
motivational function (Fig. 17).

Conclusion
The LAFMD is a perfect example of a therapeutic protocol in which modern technology supports the dentist’s

activity, allowing him or her to provide patients with minimally invasive, comfortable non-surgical treatments with
predictable results. Patients are the fulcrum of the dental
professional activity. Correct usage of modern technologies to adequately answer to their needs and expectations through effective and high-qualLiterature
ity therapies is the principle on which
modern dentistry is founded.

contact
Dr Carmine Prisco
Specialisation in implantology, prostheses
and laser dentistry
Dental surgery clinic
Salerno, Italy
carmineprisco@hotmail.it

Author details

Kurz & bündig
Parodontitis ist die weltweit sechsthäufigste Krankheit. Dies ist der Grund dafür, dass die Behandlung von parodontalen Erkrankungen
ein integraler Bestandteil der alltäglichen zahnärztlichen Praxis ist. Parodontale Therapien sollten im besten Falle immer darauf abzielen, krankheitsbegleitende Entzündungen einzudämmen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird das nichtoperative und minimalinvasive LAFMD-
Protokoll vorgestellt, mit welchem effektiv und kostengünstig verschiedenste Formen der Parodontitis behandelt werden können. Das
Protokoll profitiert von dem Einsatz verschiedener Technologien und wird gemeinsam vom Zahnarzt und Hygieniker durchgeführt. Das
Standardprotokoll der LAFMD-Behandlung besteht aus vier Phasen: Zunächst wird 0,2%iges Chlorhexidin verabreicht und anschließend
sowohl mit einem Ultraschallscaler als auch einem Air-Polishing-System gearbeitet. Die zweite Phase definiert sich durch den Einsatz von
Ultraschallscalern und manuellen Scalern, Laser Debridement, die Verabreichung von 1%igem Chlorhexidin-Gel in die zu behandelnden
Zahnfleischtaschen sowie den Einsatz eines Lasers zur Schmerzlinderung. Die anschließende dritte Phase besteht dann aus einer photo
dynamischen Behandlung, der Verabreichung von Antibiotika und dem Einsatz von Biostimulation. Die vierte und damit letzte Phase der
Therapie beinhaltet einen Compliance-Check und eine Nachsorgeuntersuchung. Das LAFMD-Protokoll ist ein Paradebeispiel für ein
therapeutisches Protokoll, in welchem verschiedene moderne Technologien im Rahmen der Behandlung einer parodontalen Erkrankung
zusammenfinden und miteinander harmonieren, wodurch der Patient eine minimalinvasive, schmerzarme und nichtoperative Behandlungsalternative erfahren kann. Das LAFMD-Protokoll ist somit ganz im Sinne der modernen Zahnheilkunde, die sich anschickt, mithilfe
von effektiven und hochqualitativen Behandlungsmethoden den individuellen Ansprüchen von Patienten gerecht zu werden.

4 2018

[16] =>

| industry

Removal of a fibroma
using an Er:YAG laser
Dr Sigalit Blumer, Israel & Prof. Roly Kornblit, Italy

Case presentation
A healthy 8-year-old boy was referred to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Tel Aviv University in Israel
for lesion removal and excisional biopsy. The boy came to
our clinic complaining about a lesion on the lower lip. A
few months prior to that, he had sustained an injury to the
lower lip that was followed by the appearance of a raised
lesion on the inside of the lip on the left. According to the
father, the boy would bite on the protruding lesion, resulting in secondary trauma that caused the lesion’s growth
and thickening. However, the lesion was not painful. According to the parents, the boy apparently had a high
pain threshold and thus did not feel pain when biting on
the lesion. Upon intraoral examination (Fig. 1), a lesion
of 6 mm in diameter and protruding approximately 3 mm

from the mucosa was visible. The lesion was round, symmetrical, not ulcerated, pinkish in colour and firm to the
touch. The patient had no underlying diseases, nor did he
take any medications on a regular basis.

Treatment options
We had two possible options for treatment at our disposal: either a surgical removal of the lesion by excision
with a scalpel and suturing to stop the bleeding or surgical
removal by laser. The option of laser-assisted treatment
was chosen because of its significant advantages over
the use of a scalpel. Firstly, this modality has a marked
capability of disinfection of the treated and surrounding
tissue during surgery, which results in a reduced risk of
postoperative inflammation and thus the need for anti

Fig. 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 2
Fig. 1: The lesion prior to its removal. Fig. 2: The LiteTouch Er:YAG laser from Light Instruments. Fig. 3: The lesion immediately after the surgery.

4 2018

[17] =>

5TH ANNUAL MEETING
OF ISMI
10 & 11 May 2019

LDU GSPU
N

FOR

Constance, Germany—hedicke’s Terracotta

Ceramic Implants – Game Changer
in der Implantologie

5TH Annual Meeting of

10./11. Mai 2019 | Konstanz
hedicke’s Terracotta

Fig. 4

On the Er:YAG laser
We chose to use the 2,940 nm Er:YAG
laser (LiteTouch, Light Instruments; Fig. 2)
for the surgery. The energy of this wavelength is well absorbed by water and hydroxyapatite. Regarding paediatric dentistry, this wavelength can be used for
treatment of hard tissue, such as sealing pits and fissures, and removing caries and tooth pulp. Moreover, it can be
used for the treatment of soft tissue,
such as fraenectomy, gingivectomy, gingivoplasty, operculectomy, disinfection
of periodontal pockets, irradiation of
aphthous lesions and removal of other
lesions. Furthermore, the Er:YAG laser
was chosen owing to its advantages in
soft-tissue surgery in comparison with
other wavelengths: the energy does not
penetrate too deep into the tissue and
does not disperse into or damage the
surrounding tissue, which results in the
treatment being minimally invasive and

very quick, yet effective. When treating
soft tissue, the Er:YAG laser can be used
with or without air or water spray cooling.

The operative phase
Firstly, we used nitrous oxide in order
to reduce the patient’s fear regarding
the operation and to improve his coop
eration. We then began locally anaesthetising the area surrounding the lesion,
using 0.9 ml of 2 % lidocaine with a vaso-
constrictor. With regard to the surgery,
we used low-energy surgical parameters of 150 mJ, 1.5 W and 10 Hz, and
omitted the spraying of air or water. The
use of the lowest effective energy parameters should always be preferred in
order not to traumatise the treated tissue and to avoid any damage to the
surrounding area. If needed, the energy
parameters can be gradually raised.
In this particular case, the use of cooling water spray was not necessary because the laser was applied to soft tissue
that was relatively distant from the teeth
and, thus, there was no risk of overheating the pulp. The lack of water cooling
and the long laser pulse duration contributed to energy accumulation in the
underlying tissue, thus avoiding bleed-

BOOK ONLINE /
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laser 4/18

biotics. Secondly, a laser treatment has
the ability to increase the metabolic activity, resulting in faster healing. Thirdly,
there is the advantage of the rapid stopping of postoperative bleeding and,
therefore, no sutures are needed. Lastly,
postoperative pain can be avoided with
a laser treatment.

Fig. 4: Histology of the lesion.

Holbeinstraße 29 · 04229 Leipzig · Germany · Phone: +49 341 48474-308 · event@oemus-media.de

OEMUS MEDIA AG

[18] =>

| industry
ing. The lesion was held with surgical forceps, and the
laser beam was focused around the lesion using a tip
of 0.6 mm in diameter and 17.0 mm in length in contact,
while leaving safety margins of approximately 3.0 mm
for a correct subsequent histological examination. The
working movements were continuous and repetitive, in
contact with the lesion, which resulted in quick and efficient disengagement of the lesion. Moreover, the treatment was accompanied by high-intensity suction.

After the operation
After its removal, the lesion was sent for histological examination. Furthermore, the laser parameters were then
lowered to sub-ablative energies of 20 mJ, 0.2 W and
10 Hz (gentle treatment mode), and a larger tip of 1.3 mm
in diameter and 17.0 mm in length was used in order to
disperse superficial heat to stop the bleeding, and as a
result, coagulation in the area could be achieved. In this
regard, the movements were slow and repetitive, and a
gauze pad was used to check whether the bleeding had
stopped. After 60 seconds, the bleeding had stopped and
no coagulating agent was needed. We decided not to suture the area in order to prevent potential scarring, to reduce the accumulation of food residue around the suture,
to reduce interference when eating and talking, and to
decrease secondary trauma to the tissue and the patient.
The boy’s behaviour throughout the treatment was excellent. He felt comfortable and did not feel any pain. He
stated that he was relaxed throughout the surgery and
had an overall pleasant experience. Four days after the
treatment, the lesion area had been covered by fibrin, and
the lesion margins appeared to have contracted (Fig. 3).
After about a week, a crust formed and there were no
signs of scarring. The tissue healed entirely. The biopsy of
the lesion showed that it was in fact a fibroma (a high-den-

sity connective tissue with multiple blood vessels, chronic
inflammatory cells and several nerve fibres; Fig. 4).

Conclusion
The use of the LiteTouch Er:YAG laser proved to be an
excellent alternative to two procedures in paediatric dentistry. In this particular case, we reported the removal of
a raised lesion (fibroma) that was formed after an injury
to the lower lip followed by constant irritation. The lesion, which was of considerable proportions, bothered
the child and interfered with his oral activities. Hence, it
was necessary to remove it and to obtain an accurate
diagnosis regarding its nature. The success of the treatment was manifested by the fact that it was both conservative and quick, did not have to be repeated and did
not involve any fear or pain. The child was very cooperative and he and his parents were very satisfied with the
treatment being relatively uncomplicated and the tissue
healing very rapidly.

Editorial note: We were provided with
a short video recording of the surgery
portrayed in this article, which can be
watched online using the QR code
on the right.

Video of case report

contact
Dr Sigalit Blumer
Department of Pediatric Dentistry
School of Dental Medicine
Tel Aviv University
Tel Aviv, Israel
blumer@012.net.il

Author details

Kurz & bündig
In dem hier dargestellten Fall klagte ein achtjähriger Junge über eine Läsion auf der Innenseite seiner Unterlippe. Der Läsion war
eine Verletzung an der Lippe einige Monate zuvor vorausgegangen. Aufgrund seiner hohen Schmerztoleranz hatte der Junge die Läsion
regelmäßig zerbissen und zerkaut, wodurch sich die Läsion stetig verhärtete und zunehmend an Größe gewann.
Zur Entfernung der Läsion entschied sich das Ärzteteam um Frau Dr. Sigalit Blumer für den Einsatz eines LightTouch Er:YAG-Lasers der
Firma Light Instruments, da dieser signifikante Vorteile gegenüber dem Skalpell hat. Der Eingriff mithilfe eines Lasers birgt beispielsweise
kein Risiko einer postoperativen Gewebeentzündung und es müssen selten Antibiotika im Rahmen einer anschließenden Behandlung
verabreicht werden. Darüber hinaus regt der Laser die metabolische Aktivität an, was eine schnellere Wundheilung zur Folge hat.
Der operative Eingriff war von kurzer Dauer, sehr effektiv und schmerzfrei für den zu behandelnden Jungen, da diesem im Vorfeld
Distickstoffmonoxid verabreicht und die betroffene Stelle im Mundraum lokal betäubt worden war. Im Anschluss wurde eine histologische
Biopsie der entfernten Läsion durchgeführt, wodurch festgestellt werden konnte, dass es sich um ein Fibrom – also dichtes Bindegewebe –,
bestehend aus einer Vielzahl an Blutgefäßen, chronischen Entzündungszellen sowie mehreren Nervenfasern, handelte. Der Erfolg der Behandlung zeigte, dass der Einsatz des LiteTouch Er:YAG-Lasers eine gute Alternative zu konventionellen Behandlungsmethoden darstellt.

4 2018

[19] =>

BECOME AN AUTHOR
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Interdisciplinary and close to the market
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issn 2193-4665 • Vol. 10 • Issue 4/2018

Become part of a successful
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wide reach and high level of
awareness

4/18

laser
international magazine of laser dentistry

Your beneﬁts:
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case report
Implant uncovering
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industry
Removal of a ﬁbroma

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[20] =>

| practice management

Successful communication
in your daily practice
Part VIII: How to take away the patient’s fears
Dr Anna Maria Yiannikos, Germany & Cyprus

Hi! I am Dr Anna Maria Yiannikos and I am excited to welcome you to the 8th part of this loved series filled with communication protocols. This series includes the most popular
and challenging scenarios that might occur in your dental
practice and presents successful ways of how to deal with
them—so your patients will always leave your practice feeling satisfied and thinking: “My dentist is THE BEST!”
Each article of this series will teach you a new, easy to
use specialised protocol, which can easily be customised
and adapted to your own dental clinic’s requirements and
needs right from day one.
I am here to provide answers to the communication
problems you might come across with your patients in
your daily practice. These problems can put you in a difficult position, make you lose sleep or, even worse, make
you lose faith in yourself and your abilities, which is very
common in our field of expertise. Today’s challenging topic
is… how to transform an anxious patient into a loyal one.

5 revolutionary tips
I am going to share five revolutionary tips with you that
guarantee the transformation from an apprehensive patient into a long-term friend of your dental practice. You

4 2018

should always keep the following points in mind when
dealing with fearful patients!
1. Prepare yourself
Before your patients arrive at the practice, make sure
to inform yourself and develop and in-depth knowledge
of each patient’s individual fears. Also check with your
assistants whether they are aware of the patient’s anxieties. In case you are already sitting down with your patients during an appointment, pay particular attention to
their facial expressions, their body language, and their
reactions in general—if they, for instance, start sweating
for no apparent reason.
2. Do not make your patients wait
Let’s state the obvious: No one likes to be kept waiting.
In addition, being kept waiting in the waiting room for longer than necessary only results in anxious patients getting even more anxious. Every minute they spend alone
with their fearful thoughts is a harmful minute.
3. Talk to your patients
By speaking to your patients and engaging them in
conversation, you can make them feel more at ease. Use
encouraging phrases like ‘bravo, the step that you took
today is so essential for your health!’ or comforting ones

[21] =>

practice management

such as ‘don’t worry, I will explain everything you want to
know as detailed as possible’ or ‘I will inform you ahead
of time in case you are about to feel any sensation or
discomfort’. However, do avoid criticism regarding their
individual fears by any means possible. For instance, refrain from derogatory or patronising phrases like ‘come
on, behave like an adult’. Moreover, discuss the treatment
plans with your patients in detail before you start with the
therapy. Encourage them to ask questions by saying ‘is
there anything more you would like to know? I am willing
to give you anything you need in order to make you feel as
comfortable as possible’. Take your time to win their trust.
4. Give demonstrations
Take away the patient’s fears by demonstrating the
tools that you are about to use in the upcoming treatment. For instance, if you would like to use a drill, a laser,
an ultrasound or an airflow—demonstrate the sounds of
these tools beforehand. Furthermore, remember to minimise the time your patients spend in the dentist chair. If
your patients are already anxious, they most likely want
to spend as little time in there as possible.
5. Motivate your patients
After the treatment is finished, advise your patients to
immediately book a follow-up appointment and motivate
them to take part in a pleasant activity that same day.
This will help them to associate their dentist visit with a
positive experience. Thus, they are more likely to attend
another appointment shortly thereafter, fostering a loyal
dentist–patient relationship in the long run.

Isn’t that easy?
Implement the above-mentioned steps into your daily
practice and you will notice a significant increase in the
number of your patients. If fearful patients had a positive
experience at your dental clinic, they will share the story

everywhere and with everyone, from friends and relatives
to colleagues. If you want to attract more patients, there
is no way that is more effective than the sheer power of
the spoken word!
This is very useful insight, wouldn’t you agree? I am
sure that you are looking forward to the next issue of laser magazine, where I will present the ninth part of this
unique series of communication concepts and touch on
even more beautiful and interesting topics. Are you curious about what’s next? We will take an honest look at
how to deal with your own delays and, in addition, how to
transform someone who is constantly complaining into a
loyal patient. This is a common and challenging situation
that we as dentists face in our clinics on a constant basis.
In this regard, I will provide 5 essential tips that will help to
cope with these situations more effectively.
Until then, remember that you are not only the dentist
of your clinic, but also its manager and leader. For further questions and requests for more information and
guidance, keep in touch by sending me an e-mail to
dba@yiannikosdental.com or via our website www.dbamastership.com. I am looking forward to our next trip of
business growth and educational development!

contact
Dr Anna Maria Yiannikos
Adjunct Faculty Member of AALZ
at RWTH Aachen
University C
ampus, Germany
DDS, LSO, MSc, MBA
dba@yiannikosdental.com
www.dbamastership.com

Kurz & bündig
Viele Menschen auf dieser Welt haben Angst vor dem Zahnarzt und drücken sich oft gekonnt vor wichtigen Untersuchungen und
Behandlungen. Im achten Teil der Serie „Erfolgreiche Kommunikation im Praxisalltag“ stellt Dr. Anna Maria Yiannikos fünf Tipps vor,
die leicht umzusetzen sind und es Zahnärzten ermöglichen sollen, Patienten die Angst vor dem Zahnarztbesuch zu nehmen und sie in
langfristig wiederkehrende loyale Praxisfreunde zu verwandeln. Als ersten Schritt betont die Autorin die Wichtigkeit der Vorbereitung
eines jeden Zahnarztes. Um Ängste effizient in Angriff nehmen und neutralisieren zu können, muss sich der Zahnarzt im Vorfeld umfangreich über die individuellen Ängste seiner Patienten informieren und während des Gesprächs im Behandlungszimmer besonderes
Augenmerk auf ihre Reaktionen und die Körpersprache legen – Sensibilität ist hier gefragt. In den folgenden Schritten geht die Autorin
darauf ein, dass es wichtig ist, ängstliche Patienten nicht warten zu lassen, mit ihnen zu reden, die zu verwendenden Instrumente
im Vorfeld zu demonstrieren und die Patienten im Anschluss an die Behandlungen dazu zu motivieren, den Tag mit angenehmen und
entspannenden Tätigkeiten zu verbringen. Am Ende profitiert natürlich nicht nur der Patient, sondern auch der Zahnarzt von den in diesem Artikel dargestellten Maßnahmen. Ein ängstlicher Patient, der bei einem Zahnarztbesuch eine angenehme und positive Erfahrung
macht, wird dies vermutlich innerhalb der Familie, des Freundeskreises oder seines Arbeitsumfelds weitererzählen – und die Praxis
kann somit neue Patienten gewinnen.

4 2018

[22] =>

| practice management

Communication skills
in the dental practice
Dr Imneet Madan, UAE

Practice principles are usually confined to each individual practice. Yet, there are some fundamental principles of business interaction that are widely accepted and
can be considered universal. In the following, an overview of clinically proven, modified and researched principles will be given that can improve both interpersonal
and dentist-to-patient communication skills.

Core principles of dental practice
The concern of the patient and the reason for his or her
visit should always be the main focus of the appointment.
The consulted dentist should give an opinion on the
health status of the patient and guide him or her through
the different possible treatment options, with the aim of
resolving the reason for the patient’s visit. Moreover, the
patient should always leave the dental office with his or
her questions answered, thus feeling satisfied with the
outcome of the visit. Apart from that, there should be a
strong focus on the individual needs of every single patient. For example, there is a wide variety of reasons for
a patient being apprehensive regarding dentist appointments, which include concerns about his or her dental health and possible high treatment expenses. Since
the patient is, of course, usually no expert in the field of
dentistry, he or she can have a hard time understanding all information that is provided by the dentist. From
a patient’s point of view, the ideal dentist
should meet the following
requirements:

4 2018

1. The dentist should be empathetic. He or she needs
to truly understand the patient and his or her point of
view in order to treat the patient in the best possible
way. Only by being empathetic and by putting himself
or herself in the shoes of the patient can the patient’s
concerns and needs be sufficiently taken care of.
2. The dentist should be approachable. When explaining
treatment plans to the patient, it is vital for the dentist
to use language that is easy to understand. He or she
should be able to break down a complicated medical
procedure into its simplest components. Naturally, the
dentist is exposed to subject-specific jargon on a dayto-day basis; however, there are patients who are not
familiar with even the simplest dental terms, such as
“enamel” or “dentine”. The dentist must not make the
mistake of presuming the patient’s complete understanding when explaining a treatment.
Employing pictorial visualisations or video presentations can be very useful in order to help the patient to
better understand certain medical procedures. While
explaining, the dentist should pause from time to time
to check with the patient whether he or she has any
questions. By doing that, the provided information is

[23] =>

practice management

more likely to be thoroughly understood by the patient. These pauses can furthermore help the patient
in making a clear and informed decision regarding the
treatment option to be chosen. Moreover, the dentist
needs to give the patient space and must not pressure
him or her into making any hasty decisions. After all,
the consent to a treatment plan is referred to as “informed consent” and not “imposed consent”.
3. The dentist needs to be confident and well informed.
It is vital for the dentist to possess an in-depth knowledge of the particular treatment options that he or she
is proposing with regard to his or her previously made
diagnosis. If the dentist’s professional knowledge and
confidence are limited in some way, the patient will
most likely perceive that. Moreover, the dentist should
offer different possible treatment options in order for
the patient to develop a feeling of control and involvement, as no one likes being patronised or merely being
told what to do. In order to provide the best possible
treatment and to improve on his or her confidence, the
dentist is encouraged to update his or her skills and
professional knowledge on a regular basis.
4. The dentist needs to be patient. Even if questions are
asked repeatedly, the dentist needs to tackle them
with respect and answer them calmly. Patience is the
key to winning the patient’s trust and is required at
all times during the appointment.

5. The dentist needs to be open to financial questions. It
has been frequently noticed that many dentists tend to
leave the financial matters to coordinators and many
practices encourage this system. It is not wrong to do
so as long as both the dentist and patient are happy
to have assigned third parties involved in their discussions. In order to save a great deal of time and effort,
however, the dentist should be open to financial questions during the appointment. Any questions in this regard should be treated with respect and should not
be taken personally, as money is an important factor
contributing to the patient’s decision regarding treatment options.
6. The dentist needs to be experienced. Naturally, reading the newest literature and attending conferences or
lectures can contribute significantly to both the dentist’s skill set and his or her overall experience. Furthermore, it is essential for the dentist to learn from other
people’s failures. With regard to a specific treatment
plan, the possibility of failure can even be discussed
with the patient. Failure is nothing to be afraid of and
a risk that needs to be openly discussed. As long as
the patient is financially secured and a good
relationship with the consulted
dentist has been

4 2018

[24] =>

| practice management
established, he or she will most
likely accept the risks entailed in
the chosen treatment. Regarding possible failure, laser-assisted root canal therapy in primary teeth is a prime example
of where I personally would inform the patient about the possible risk of compromised primary teeth.
7. The dentist needs to be polite. All people have a right to be treated politely. Even
though arguments and discussions regarding the dental treatment may be difficult
sometimes and the dentist may not be able
to comprehend the mind-set of the patient,
he or she needs to respond calmly and politely to the patient at any given moment.
8. The dentist needs to be attentive. Being able to
listen attentively contributes to the general clinical skills of the dentist in a positive way.
The dentist has to offer his or her undivided attention to the patient, which fosters the patient’s confidence and trust in
the dentist.

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still enough time for these to be addressed and
taken care of by the dental practice.

On documentation

After the initial appointment,
but before the treatment
Both the communication approach of neurolinguistic programming and the techniques of Six Sigma can
help in articulating and planning the medical treatment
during the appointment at the dental office. Once the patient has understood the entire treatment plan, the first
step should be for him or her to complete and sign the
informed consent form, which states the understanding of the medical treatment. Afterwards, copies of the
treatment plan should be given to the patient and further
scanned copies should be kept for the clinic records. In
order to aid the patient’s decision regarding a particular treatment option, relevant literature should be given
to him or her afterwards. The patient should use the interim period between the initial consultation and the actual treatment to think about his or her decision. In case
of potential questions arising during that period, there is

4 2018

The dental record should include a detailed
documentation of the consultation, the patient’s
concerns, the clinical and radiographic examination results, the diagnosis made by the dentist, and
the treatment that was decided on. From a legal
point of view, it is vital for the dental practice to retain
these records at all times. Since there has been an
unfortunate increase in malpractice cases, the dentist
should be intimately familiar with these records. Creating
and maintaining accurate dental records is not only a legal obligation, but also an essential component of excellent patient care. Dental records and the accompanying
clinical notes need to be well written and sufficiently detailed and should include the following information:
1. clinical findings;
2. descriptions of radiographs;
3. proof and documentation if radiographs were handed
out to the patient;
4. record of the main points of the verbal discussion with
the patient;
5. relevant and meaningful comments made by the patient;
6. explanation of treatment options;
7.
the patient’s attitude towards the proposed treatment;
8. a summary of the course of the appointment (for example, a child’s behaviour during the appointment);
9. signed consent forms regarding the treatment that
was finally decided on;
10. copies of the consent forms; and
11. re-signed consent forms in case of deviations from
the original treatment plan.

[25] =>

practice management

How to document properly
Owing to a tight schedule and thus a lack of time, dentists often tend to scribble their notes quickly onto a mere
piece of paper. However, typing their notes on computer
is a better alternative. Proper documentation results in a
stress-free daily practice. Proper documentation can be
quite time-consuming at first, yet it will most likely save a
great deal of time and energy in the long run. With regard
to the proper documentation of dental records, the following points can be of help:
1. Always use the same font and format when typing
the records.
2. Use the same headings and titles throughout the entire
record.
3. Put any comments by the patient in quotation marks
if verbatim.
4. Elaborate on concerns that you have expressed. Document any concessions towards the patient. If a patient has unobtainable and unrealistic demands, genuine gestures of good-will and kindness can help in a
possible malpractice case.
5. Avoid derogatory and unprofessional remarks in the
notes. Any negative comments, such as the patient
being late for an appointment, or any other disruptive
behavior should be noted in an objective and rational
fashion.
6. Use standardised and internationally accepted abbreviations in order to make your documentation comprehensible for dental professionals from around the
globe.

Conclusion
The attributes of the ideal dentist as detailed in this article should be taken to heart by every dentist who aims to
create his or her dream practice. A clear communication
strategy is vital for developing a patient’s understanding

of subject-specific topics, with regard to his or her dental
treatment options. Moreover, both the dentist’s empathy
and in-depth professional knowledge play a key role in
providing the best possible treatment. Furthermore, he or
she needs to provide information in a generous and comprehensive fashion in order for the patient to feel like the
most important person in the practice. It is essential that
information is provided in such a way that the patient is
able to understand everything in detail, even though he
or she is not a dental professional himself or herself. This
results in growing trust and a long-term bond between
the patient and the dental practice. After all, it is not the
number of patients being theoretically attracted to a particular practice that is important, but rather the number
of patients who return to that practice on a regular basis.

contact
Dr Imneet Madan
Laser Pediatric Dentist
NLP Coach
Six Sigma Green Belt
MDS (Pediatric Dentistry)
MSc (Laser Dentistry, AALZ, RWTH Aachen University)
Children’s Dental Center, Dubai
Author details
Villa 1020 Al Wasl Road
Umm Suqeim 1, Dubai
United Arab Emirates
Phone: +971 506823462
imneet.madan@yahoo.com
www.drmichaels.com

Kurz & bündig
Die Autorin nähert sich in diesem Artikel dem Blickpunkt des Zahnarztpatienten und stellt in diesem Zuge einige Kernpunkte dar, die
bei der Wahl des „idealen Zahnarztes“ helfen können. So sollte der aufzusuchende Zahnarzt zunächst empathisch sein, da nur durch
aufmerksames Zuhören und das Verstehen der Sorgen und Ängste des Patienten am Ende die bestmögliche Behandlung erfolgen kann.
Darüber hinaus sollte der Zahnarzt unter anderem nahbar, selbstbewusst, geduldig und offen gegenüber finanziellen Fragen sein. Auch
sollte er dem Patienten Behandlungsoptionen zu Verfügung stellen, um ihm das Gefühl zu vermitteln, er könne aktiv mitentscheiden, was
die Wahl der durchzuführenden Behandlung betrifft. All dies schafft eine langfristige Bindung zwischen dem Patienten und der aufgesuchten Zahnarztpraxis.
In einem weiteren Schritt umreißt die Autorin einige Punkte, die bei der korrekten Dokumentation von Arztkonsultationen und Patientenakten helfen sollen. Diese Punkte schließen unter anderem die Aufnahme von Röntgenbild-Beschreibungen, eine elaborierte
Zusammenfassung des Gesprächsverlaufs, aussagekräftige Momente während der Diskussion sowie unterschriebene Einverständnis
erklärungen hinsichtlich der geplanten Behandlung mit ein. In einem letzten Schritt präsentiert die Autorin einige formale Kriterien, die zur
erfolgreichen und richtigen Dokumentation von Zahnarztkonsultationen beitragen sollen, bevor sie ein abschließendes Fazit formuliert.

4 2018

[26] =>

| events

Fig. 1
Fig. 1: The congress was expected to be the most successful WFLD conference ever.

International dental laser community
gathered for World Congress
In October 2018, laser specialists from more than
50 countries were travelling to Aachen, Germany. Being
hosted at the RWTH Aachen University Hospital from
1 to 3 October, the 16th World Congress in Laser Dentistry offered them the opportunity to share, interact and
explore with practitioners, researchers, educators and
manufacturers. The event, for which around 400 people had registered beforehand, saw 38 plenary speakers from all different fields of research and clinical applications. Additionally, there were 125 oral presentations,
89 digital poster presentations and an accompanying industry exhibition. “This will be the most successful, the
highest scientific level, the biggest and most international World Federation for Laser Dentistry conference
ever,” said Prof. Dr Norbert Gutknecht, Federation Chairman, prior to the event. He continued by saying that “this

4 2018

congress will integrate science and practical experience
on different levels of presentations and demonstrations,
including highly ranked international keynote speakers,
on-stage live patient demonstrations, interactive d
igital
poster presentations, oral presentations combined with
relevant clinical skill training, short presentations on
the latest research findings, outstanding clinical case
presentations, rotating company-sponsored supporting
workshops, and last but not least continuing education
certificates.” In addition to the scientific programme, the
organisers had planned a welcome cocktail event and a
gala dinner at Schloss Rahe, a German castle that is one
of the most remarkable historic buildings in Aachen, situated only 3 km from the city centre. While in 1988, there
were fewer than 30 people worldwide exploring the use
of lasers in dentistry, today there are hundreds of o
ngoing

[27] =>

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 2: From left: Dr Dimitris Strakas, Dr Riman Nasher, Prof. Adam Stabholz.
Fig. 3: Prof. Dr Norbert Gutknecht, Chairman of the organising committee.
Fig. 4: From left: Prof. Dr Lynn Powell, Prof. Dr Kosmas Tolidis. Fig. 5: Assoc.
Prof. Dr Rene Franzen, member of the scientific committee. Fig. 6: Dr Christina
Karanasiou of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Fig. 7: Participants
experienced a wide range of presentations and demonstrations. Fig. 8: A fine
choice of reading material: laser—international magazine of laser dentistry.

research projects and thousands of practitioners trying
to improve the lives of patients, according to Scientific
Committee Chairman Prof. Dr G. Lynn Powell. “Come
and learn from each other,” he encouraged dental professionals. “Come share, interact and explore with practitioners, researchers, educators and manufacturers from
around the world.” More information on the congress
can be found at www.wfld-aachen2018.com.
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

contact
International Society for Laser Dentistry (ISLD)
University of Aachen Medical Faculty
Pauwelsstraße 30
52074 Aachen, Germany
www.isldlaser.com

Fig. 6

[28] =>

| interview

The World Congress as
a turning point for laser dentistry
From 1 to 3 October, the 16th World Congress in
Laser Dentistry was hosted in Aachen, Germany, giving international dental professionals the opportunity to
network and learn about the latest developments in their
field of expertise. Leon Vanweersch, member of the organising committee, spoke to Dental Tribune Online
about the event, being promoted as the largest ever, and
about his commitment to laser education as Business
Development Manager at the Aachen Dental Laser Center (AALZ).
Mr Vanweersch, this year’s World Congress in Laser
Dentistry was expected to be the most successful,
of the highest scientific level, and the biggest and
most international World Federation for Laser Dentistry conference ever. Did it meet the attendees’
expectations?
First of all, it was our intention to make this congress
a turning point in the set-up and structure of executing
such congresses. This congress integrated science and
practical experience on different levels of presentations
and demonstrations, including by highly rated international keynote speakers, on-stage live patient demonstrations, interactive digital poster presentations, oral
presentations combined with relevant clinical skill training, short presentations on the latest research findings,
outstanding clinical case presentations, company-sup-

Fig. 1: Leon Vanweersch, member of the organising committee.
Fig. 1

28

ported workshops, and certificates for continuing education credits. We welcomed participants from all over
the world travelling to Germany from 49 countries, such
as Canada, Australia, China and Argentina. There were
more than 200 presentations spread over the three days
in a huge programme. In addition, our social events have
certainly beaten those of all past World Federation for
Laser Dentistry congresses.

“I personally think that every
high-standard dental clinic
today should have integrated
laser or laser-assisted
dentistry in their therapies.”
What were your personal programme highlights?
Besides the fact that I am proud to have welcomed so
many international attendees, I am personally very happy
and excited to have welcomed back so many Aachen
graduates from our mastership and MSc courses all over
the world, which made this event also a kind of reunion

[29] =>

interview

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 2: The attendees were enjoying a great number of programme highlights such as the get together in the exhibition area on the first day of the congress.
Fig. 3: Ever since, laser—international m
agazine of laser dentistry is the official media partner of DGL/ISLD. Fig. 4: Prof. Dr N
orbert Gutknecht, President of
the International Society for Laser Dentistry (ISLD).

of the AALZ–WALED [World Academy for Laser Education and Research in Dentistry] family. Besides the high
scientific level of the plenary speakers we secured for
the congress, I am sure that the gala event was an absolute highlight.
The congress was held under the theme “Three decades of laser innovation”. What is the status of laser
technology in international dentistry at present?
I personally think that every high-standard dental clinic
today should have integrated laser or laser-assisted dentistry in their therapies, in order to claim to be innovative
and state-of-the-art.
How did you initially become involved with laser
dentistry?
I started already in 1992, together with Prof. Dr N
orbert
Gutknecht, the first laser safety officer courses for dentists in Germany at RWTH Aachen University. Over the
next few years, we started to offer laser workshops in
Germany and later also internationally. From 1994 on,
we additionally organised the national congress of the

German Society of Laser Dentistry
every year. Under
the leadership of Prof. Gutknecht, we did many research
projects for various laser companies. An absolute highlight was the worldwide initiation of the first Master of
Science in Lasers in Dentistry programme at RWTH
Aachen University in 2004. For many years, we have been
organising one-year mastership courses in dental laser
therapy in many countries worldwide, and have produced
more than 1,000 laser dentists in the time at the AALZ.
Mr Vanweersch, thank you for your time.

contact
Leon Vanweersch
Aachen Dental Laser Center – AALZ
Pauwelsstraße 17
52074 Aachen, Germany
www.aalz.de

4 2018

[30] =>

| manufacturer news
Fotona

Dual wavelength laser system
Following its launch at IDS in March 2011, Fotona’s dual wavelength (Er:YAG and Nd:YAG) LightWalker laser system quickly
earned widespread industry appreciation and highly respected
technology and innovation awards. Today, it is a preferred laser
system of dental perfectionists and forward-thinking professionals
who wish to upgrade their dental experience with new treatment
possibilities that only the latest technology can offer. Owing to
Fotona’s advanced R&D capabilities which regularly introduce new
features, software updates and usability improvements that further enhance the system’s comprehensive feature set, it remains
one of the most leading edge and reliable laser systems on the
market. With the most state-of-the-art design, engineering and
patented technologies, offering a wide range of highly effective
TwinLight® hard- and soft-tissue treatments, aiming at providing
the most extensive list of applications of any dental laser made
today, LightWalker will continue to set standards for cutting-edge
laser technology in years to come.
Fotona d.o.o.
Stegne 7
1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
www.fotona.com

MEDENCY

State-of-the-art diode laser technology
The Italian company MEDENCY has been built upon profound
global expertise in the dental market and dental lasers in particular. “Our flagship product PRIMO combines state-of-the-art diode
laser technology with innovation and the experience of MEDENCY
in the dental industry. PRIMO provides a variety of applications and
is thus a viable alternative to conventional surgical methods like
electrocautery and the scalpel. Owing to its intuitive interface, the
device is easy to use,” stated the
company’s general manager,
Alessandro Boschi.
All products are designed,
engineered and manufactured in
Italy—with passion and commitment. “Our
overall mission is to deliver a
combination of cutting-edge
products, services and interaction with customers drawing
on a wide network of academic
partners,” said Boschi.
The company supports its partners with tailor-made educational courses in different countries in order to gain practical

4 2018

experience in the use of the system in daily practice. Using dental
laser technology has never been so easy.
MEDENCY Srl
Piazza della Libertà 49
36077 Altavilla – Vicenza, Italy
www.medency.com

[31] =>

international news

Health labels might prevent

Consumption of sugary drinks
Cigarette packets are labelled with warnings and graphic
images to deter people from smoking. In a new study,
researchers from Australia’s Deakin University have investigated whether a similar labelling approach could
dissuade people from buying sugary drinks. They
found that young adults were less likely to purchase
sugar-sweetened beverages that had health labels.
To investigate the possible effects of adding a health
label to sugary drinks, an online experiment to examine the drink choices of almost 1,000 Australians of a
diverse range of socio-economic status and education levels aged between 18 and 35 was conducted.
Participants were asked to imagine that they were
entering a shop or cafe or approaching a vending machine to purchase a drink, and should then choose between one of
15 bottles, with both sugary and non-sweetened options available.
The drinks had either no label (control group) or one of four labels on
sugary drinks: graphic warnings, text warnings, sugar information
(including the number of teaspoons of added sugar) or a Health
Star Rating—the national front-of-pack labelling system used in
Australia and New Zealand.
According to the results, participants were far less likely to select a
sugary drink when a front-of-pack label was displayed, regardless

of their level of education, age or socio-economic background.
“Our findings highlight the potential of front-of-pack health labels,
particularly graphic images and Health Star Ratings, to change
consumer behaviour, reduce purchases of sugar-sweetened
drinks, and help people to make healthier choices,” said Prof. Anna
Peeters, Director of the Institute for Healthcare Transformation at
Deakin University.
Source: DTI

Acupuncture could reduce

Dental anxiety
Fear of the dentist is something some people suffer from more than
others. With multiple reasons for dental anxiety and its effects,
there is, however, limited research on its impact and possible treatment methods. In an effort to look deeper into the topic, researchers
from the University of York, UK, have recently reviewed a number of
studies on treating dental anxiety with acupuncture.
For the systematic review and meta-analysis, six trials with a total
of 800 patients were chosen from almost 130 eligible trials. The
researchers used a points scale to measure anxiety, and in the
studies included, anxiety was shown to be reduced by eight

points when dental patients were given acupuncture as a treatment.
According to the researchers, this level of reduction is considered
to be clinically relevant, indicating that acupuncture could be a
possibility for treating dental anxiety.
Co-author of the study, titled “Acupuncture for anxiety in dental
patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis”, Dr Hugh
MacPherson, Professor of Acupuncture Research at the University of York’s Department of Health Sciences, expressed that the
scientific interest in the effectiveness of acupuncture both as a
standalone and as an accompanying treatment to more traditional
medications was increasing.
“If acupuncture is to be integrated into dental practices, […], then
there needs to be more high-quality research that demonstrates
that it can have a lasting impact on the patient. Early indications
look positive, but there is still more work to be done,” summarised MacPherson.
Source: DTI
© lesyaskripak/Shutterstock.com

4 2018

[32] =>

| news international
Risk of diabetes reduced

Gum disease and diabetes are chronic conditions that increase with age. The link between the two diseases goes both ways. It is thought that inflammation in the body
is the connection. In fact, periodontal disease is the most common inflammatory
disease. Gum (periodontal) disease includes gingivitis (inflamed gums) and periodontitis (inflammation of the gums and structures supporting the teeth). About
50 per cent of people over 30 have periodontitis, which causes tooth loss if untreated, and it is this type of gum disease that is linked with diabetes. Then again,
good oral health may play a key role in reducing the risk of diabetes, which is one
of the main messages of the Perio & Diabetes campaign launched just recently
by the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) on World Diabetes Day
2018. Further core messages include that uncontrolled diabetes triples the
likelihood of gum disease and successful gum treatment reduces blood sugar
levels. Moreover, it is stated that people with diabetes have poorer blood
glucose control, more heart, brain, eye and kidney complications, and a
shorter lifespan, in case they also have gum disease. In this regard, Prof.
Filippo Graziani, president elect of the EFP, said: “Bleeding gums are not
normal—do not just rely on a mouth rinse but go see a dentist. The earlier
we catch periodontitis, the better.” Gum disease can be prevented by
cleaning between your teeth every day with an interdental brush or
floss, brushing your teeth for at least two minutes, twice a day, avoiding smoking and enjoying a healthy diet, controlling your blood sugar
in case of diabetes, and obviously, visiting your dentist regularly.
Source: European Federation of Periodontology

Caries prevention aided by

Fluoride varnish in primary dentition
Permanent teeth may be affected by caries at an early stage in the
case of caries-affected primary teeth, as the enamel has not yet
fully hardened. Because oral hygiene and caries prevention can
be challenging in young children,
the use of fluoride varnish
can be beneficial. Re-

searchers of the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare
(IQWiG) investigated whether the application of fluoride varnish
to primary dentition has advantages over standard care without
fluoride application by comparing the findings of 15 randomised
controlled trials. The development of caries was investigated in
all 15 studies; side effects were investigated in nearly all of the
studies. However, owing to a lack of conclusive data, it is unclear
whether fluoride application also has advantages regarding further
patient-relevant outcomes, such as tooth preservation, toothache
or dental abscesses. A clear advantage of fluoride varnish was
determined despite the very heterogeneous study results: The fluoride treatment could completely prevent caries in approximately
every tenth child and would at least reduce progression of caries
in further children. Apparently, whether the children already had
caries or whether their teeth were completely intact made no difference regarding the benefit of fluoride varnish application. The
report, titled “Assessment of the application of fluoride varnish on
milk teeth to prevent the development and progression of
initial caries or new carious lesions”, was published
online by the IQWiG in April 2018.
Source: DTI

©E

4 2018

le na

S c h w e i t z e r / S h u t t e r s t o c k .c o m

By means of good oral health

[33] =>

Teeth give insights into

Recent research has offered a new understanding of dinosaurs’
feeding behaviour by means of their tooth wear. To kill their
prey, bird-like theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous
(100.5–66 million years ago) of Spain and Canada all relied on
a puncture-and-pull bite strategy, in which parallel scratches
formed while they bit down into prey, followed by oblique scratches
as the head was pulled backwards with closed jaws. Close examination of patterns of wear and modelling of their teeth suggest
that these dinosaurs were not necessarily in direct competition
for their next meal. Apparently, some of the dinosaurs preyed on
larger, struggling prey, while others stuck to softer or smaller fare.
“All these dinosaurs were living at the same time and place, so it
is important to know if they were competing for food resources or
if they were aiming for different prey,” said lead author Dr Angelica
Torices. The evidence suggests that Dromaeosaurus and Sauror-

t te

u
rq

nitholestes were well adapted for
handling struggling prey or for processing
bone as part of their diet and, furthermore, that troodontids may
have preferred smaller or immobile prey that required a less powerful bite. The study, titled “Puncture-and-pull biomechanics in
the teeth of predatory coelurosaurian dinosaurs”, was conducted
in collaboration with researchers from the Royal Ontario Museum
in Toronto in Canada, the University of Alberta and the University
of Zaragoza in Spain in May 2018.
Source: DTI

Application form

Join DGL!
Register now at www.qr.oemus.com/6152 or scan the QR on the right and
become a member of the German Association of Laser Dentistry (DGL).
Neutron tomography offers

Insights into interior of teeth
which is in great demand, will also be available in modern spallation sources in the future,” said lead author Dr Nikolay Kardjilov.
Source: DTI
© karelnoppe/Shutterstock.com

Imaging techniques based on neutron beams are rapidly developing and have become versatile non-destructive analysing tools
in many fields of study. Researchers at the Helmholtz-Zentrum
Berlin (HZB) have recently published a comprehensive overview
of neutron-based imaging processes titled “Advances in neutron
imaging”. Neutron tomography has facilitated breakthroughs in diverse areas, including dentistry. The advantage of this method lies
in the fact that neutrons can penetrate deeply into a sample without destroying it. In addition, neutrons can distinguish between
light elements such as hydrogen and lithium, and substances containing hydrogen. Because neutrons themselves have a magnetic
moment, they react to the smallest magnetic characteristics inside
the material. This makes them a versatile and powerful tool for materials research. 2D or 3D images, called neutron tomograms, can
be calculated from the absorption of the neutrons in the sample.
The researchers described how improvements in recent years have
extended the spatial resolution down to the micrometre range.
This is more than ten times better than the typical medical X-ray
tomography. Including the examination of teeth, applications are
of a wide range: “Neutron tomography is extremely versatile. We
are working on further improvements and hope that this method,

[34] =>

GIORNATE VERONESI

ONLINE-ANMELDUNG/
KONGRESSPROGRAMM

3. und 4. Mai 2019
Verona / Valpolicella (IT)

inkl.

Live-OP

E

KT

16

LDU GSPU
N

N

BI

T

Veronesi

Tagungsorte:
FOR

Giornate

www.giornate-veronesi.info

Implantologie & Allgemeine Zahnheilkunde

Universität Verona
Kongress-Resort VILLA QUARANTA (www.villaquaranta.com)

Wissenschaftliche Leitung:
Prof. Dr. Pier Francesco Nocini/Verona
Prof. Dr. Mauro Marincola/Rom

3./4. Mai 2019, Verona / Valpolicella (Italien)

Kongresssprache:
Deutsch
KONGRESSSPRACHE

DEUTSCH

Themenschwerpunkte:
– Implantologie
– Allgemeine Zahnheilkunde
– Hygiene (Assistenz)

© Muzhik/Shutterstock.com

Rahmenprogramm:
– 1. Tag Get-together
– 2. Tag Dinnerparty

Kongressgebühren:
Zahnarzt
Zahnarzthelferin

550,– €
195,– €

(inkl. Get-together und Dinnerparty, alle Preise zzgl. MwSt.)

Faxantwort an +49 341 48474-290
 Bitte senden Sie mir das Programm zu den GIORNATE VERONESI zu.

Stempel

E-Mail-Adresse (Für die digitale Zusendung des Programms.)

oemus media ag

laser 4/18

Titel, Name, Vorname

Holbeinstraße 29 · 04229 Leipzig · Deutschland · Tel.:+49 341 48474-308 · event@oemus-media.de

[35] =>

editorial

Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht
Präsident der ISLD

30 Jahre ISLD – ein Jubiläumsjahr,
ein Meilenstein, ein Neuanfang
Liebe Freunde der Laserzahnheilkunde,
im Jahre 1988 trafen sich Laserpioniere aus verschiedenen Ländern in Tokyo, Japan, um über die Anwendung von Lasern in der Zahnheilkunde zu beraten. Dabei entstand der Gedanke, wie in der Medizin auch in
der Zahnmedizin eine wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft
zu gründen. Das war die Geburtsstunde der ISLD, der
International Society for Laser Dentistry, die in diesem Jahr ihren 30. Geburtstag feierte. Das Jubiläum
wurde in Form eines Weltkongresses an der Universität
in Aachen, von drei Organisationen, der DGL als gastgebender Gesellschaft, der WFLD (ISLD wurde im Jahr
2006 in WFLD umbenannt) und der WALED als Alumni
Organisation der RWTH Aachen University, ausgerichtet
und von deren Mitgliedern gefeiert.
Mit über 540 Besuchern aus 49 Ländern, 38 geladenen Referenten, 125 Kurzvorträgen, 89 Digitalen PosterPräsentationen und allen namhaften Laserherstellern
kann man mit Freude und Stolz sagen, dass es der
größte und erfolgreichste Laserkongress in der Zahnheilkunde in den letzten 30 Jahren gewesen ist. Bei der
Abschlussveranstaltung und Mitgliederversammlung
wurde der Vorschlag gemacht, den Namen und die
Organisationsstruktur der ISLD, verbunden mit deren
akademischer Würde und ihrer wissenschaftlichen Zielsetzung wieder neu zu beleben. Mit überwältigender
Mehrheit wurde dieser Vorschlag angenommen und in
die Tat umgesetzt. Die laufend eingehenden Mitgliedsanträge, sowohl von ganzen nationalen Lasergesellschaften, als auch von individuellen Laseranwendern
und Wissenschaftlern aus der ganzen Welt, haben alle
Erwartungen übertroffen.

Die ISLD ist wieder die ISLD und wird als solche die
wissenschaftlichen, akademischen und klinischen Fragestellungen in der Laserzahnheilkunde global in allen
zahnärztlichen Standesorganisationen und anderen
medizinischen und sozialen Organisationen vertreten.
An dieser Stelle darf ich mich nochmals bei allen Besuchern, Referenten, Ausstellern und meinem Organisationsteam ganz herzlich bedanken, die alle zum großartigen Erfolg des Weltkongresses in Aachen beigetragen haben.
Ich wünsche Ihnen allen und all den Kolleginnen und
Kollegen, die nicht mit uns dieses Jubiläum begehen
konnten, alles erdenklich Gute für das Jahr 2019 – vor
allem Gesundheit und Erfolg bei Laserbehandlungen an
Patienten oder bei wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen
in den Universitäten. Allen Laserherstellern, und insbesondere unseren Ausstellern, wünschen wir ein erfolgreiches Geschäftsjahr 2019.
Im Namen des ganzen Vorstandes der ISLD grüße ich
Sie und hoffe, Sie im Juni 2019 beim ISLD International
European Congress in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, willkommen
heißen zu dürfen.
Ihr

Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht

4 2018

[36] =>

| events

16. Weltkongress in der
Laserzahnheilkunde
30 Jahre Laserinnovationen
Prof. Dr. Dr. Siegfried Jänicke

Der 16. Weltkongress in der Laserzahnheilkunde fand
in diesem Jahr unter dem Motto „drei Jahrzehnte der
Laserinnovation“ vom 1. bis 3. Oktober 2018 im Uni
versitätsklinikum Aachen statt. Der Kongress markierte
das dreißigjährige Jubiläum der internationalen Fach
gesellschaften ISLD und WFLD und war gleichzeitig ein
integrativer Kongress zusammen mit der 27. Jahres
tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Laserzahn
heilkunde (DGL) und dem 6. Internationalen WALED
Kongress. Mit über 500 Teilnehmern aus aller Welt
sowie 38 eingeladenen Hauptrednern, 108 Vortrags
rednern und 89 digitalen Postern wurde ein sehr um
fangreiches und anspruchsvolles wissenschaftliches
Programm bewältigt. Zusätzlich dazu wurde eine um
fassende Industrieausstellung mit 18 namhaften Laser
herstellern angeboten.

Das imposante Gebäude des Universitätsklinikums
Aachen, mittlerweile seit 34 Jahren in Betrieb, bot mit
sieben Hörsälen und einer großen Ausstellungshalle mit
Cateringbereich den geeigneten Rahmen für den an
spruchsvollen wissenschaftlichen Kongress. Gleichzei
tig konnte durch die Nutzung der Räumlichkeiten auf
die Inanspruchnahme teurer Kongresshotels verzichtet
und so eine im internationalen Vergleich erfreulich güns
tige Gestaltung der Kongressgebühren erreicht wer
den. Hierfür ist dem Organisationskomitee unter der Lei
tung von Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht sowie Herrn Leon
Vanweersch, Dr. Dimitris Strakas und Dr. Stefan Grümer
ausdrücklich zu danken. Dank gilt weiterhin auch Frau
Eva Speck, Sekretariat der DGL, für die ausgezeichnete
organisatorische Betreuung der vielen Teilnehmer im
Vorfeld des Kongresses.

Abb. 1
Abb. 1: Über 500 Teilnehmer aus aller Welt kamen zum Laserkongress nach Aachen.

36

4 2018

[37] =>

events

Der Kongressauftakt
Die feierliche Kongresseröffnung fand nach einer
musikalischen Darbietung des Streichorchesters der
RWTH Aachen am Montag, dem 1. Oktober 2018, um
9.30 Uhr durch Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht und Prof. Dr.
Lynn P
owell (USA) sowie dem Dekan des Uniklinikums
Aachen, Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stefan Uhlig, und der Prorektorin,
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Ute Habel, statt. In seinem Eröffnungsvor
trag beleuchtete Prof. Dr. Gutknecht die neuen Möglich
keiten von ultrakurz gepulsten 9.600 nm-CO2-Lasersys
temen, die zukünftig insbesondere bei der Schmelz- und
Knochenbearbeitung eine Rolle spielen werden. Diese
Systeme sind hochpräzise und atraumatisch und wer
den voraussichtlich nicht nur für die Zahnheilkunde, son
dern auch für chirurgische Anwendungsbereiche eine
deutliche Bereicherung darstellen. Prof. Dr. Jens Baron,
Universitätsklinikum Aachen, wies in seinem Eröffnungs
vortrag auf die biologischen Effekte der Laserbehand
lung an menschlicher Haut hin und erläuterte die Unterschiede zwischen CO2- und Er:YAG-Lasersystemen. Besonders interessant war die Studienvorstellung von
In-vitro-Modellen, in welchen der Lasereinfluss auf Zell
kulturen menschlicher Haut untersucht wurde.
Die Vorträge des ersten Sitzungstages fanden in den
Hörsälen 1, 2 und 3 statt. Durch die disziplinierte Ab
lauforganisation der Vorträge war es den Teilnehmern
möglich, punktgenau Kongressbeiträge in den einzelnen
Hörsälen zu verfolgen. Aktuelle internationale Probleme,
beispielsweise in puncto Visa-Erteilung, haben es einigen

Abb. 2

Kongressteilnehmern schwer gemacht, die Veranstal
tung zu besuchen, und umso mehr ist die hohe Kon
gressbeteiligung dieses Jahr hervorzuheben. Prof. Dr.
Georgi Tomov (Bulgarien) gab im Rahmen des ersten
Sitzungstages Hauptvorträge über die laserbasierte Di
agnostik und die Therapie intraoraler Mukosaläsionen
mithilfe von unterschiedlichen diagnostischen Lasersys
temen (Stichwort: Autofluoreszenz „VELscope“).
Ferner präsentierte Dr. Dimitris Strakas (Griechenland)
in seinem Hauptvortrag eine ausgezeichnete Übersicht
über 100 Jahre Licht in der dentalen Ästhetik. Darüber
hinaus referierte Dr. Stefan Grümer (Deutschland) über
die Einsatzmöglichkeiten des Lasers in der Implantolo
gie. Das Programm bot eine Fülle an hochinteressanten
wissenschaftlichen Beiträgen aus aller Welt, welche in
traorale chirurgische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten, endo
dontologische Indikationen und parodontale Therapien
mit dem Laser zum Inhalt hatten. Abgerundet wurde
der erste Kongresstag mit einem Willkommenscocktail
im Ausstellungsbereich, bei dem sich die Kongressteil
nehmer sowohl untereinander als auch mit den Ausstel
lern ausführlich austauschen konnten, und gegen 21 Uhr
endete das offizielle Programm schließlich.

Parodontologie im Fokus
Am folgenden Kongresstag, Dienstag, dem 2. Okto
ber 2018, wurden weitere anspruchsvolle wissenschaft
liche Präsentationen gehalten. Hier muss man zunächst
den ausgezeichneten Vortrag von Prof. Dr. Akira Aoki

Abb. 3

Abb. 2: Prof. Dr. Norbert Gutknecht im Gespräch mit Teilnehmern. Abb. 3: Die Mitarbeiter an der Kongressanmeldung hatten alle Hände voll zu tun.

4 2018

[38] =>

| events

Abb. 4

Abb. 5
Abb. 4: Vertreter der Laserzahnheilkunde aus aller Welt kamen zusammen. Abb. 5: Dr. Stefan Grümer (Mitte) mit Kollege und Dr. Sharonit Sahar-Helft (r.).

(Japan) erwähnen, der die Behandlung parodontaler
Erkrankung mit Er:YAG-Lasersystemen erläuterte und
diese insbesondere der mechanischen, elektrochirur
gischen Behandlung von Parodontalerkrankungen ge
genüberstellte. Dieser überaus systematische Vortrag
wurde durch eine Reihe an histologischen Untersuchun
gen, klinischen Ergebnissen und durch zahlreiche Laservideos bereichert. Es war überraschend, zu sehen, wie
selbst aussichtslos erscheinende parodontale Probleme
erfolgreich durch lasergestützte Behandlungen gelöst
werden können.
Ein weiteres Highlight des zweiten Kongresstages
war das Hauptreferat von Prof. Dr. Matthias Frentzen
(Deutschland), in welchem die Möglichkeiten der anti
mikrobiellen Therapie von Laserlicht in Abhängigkeit
unterschiedlicher Wellenlängen untersucht wurden, mit
besonderem Blick auf die mögliche zukünftige Reduzie
rung von Antibiotikatherapien. Hierbei handelt es sich um
ein hochinteressantes Zukunftsfeld der Laserzahnheil
kunde – allerdings sind noch einige Studien erforderlich,
um den Effekt einzelner Wellenlängen wissenschaftlich
hinreichend zu belegen.

Abb. 6: Der Tisch der DGL beim Galadiner am Dienstagabend.
Abb. 6

Prof. Dr. Dr. Anton Sculean (Schweiz) referierte in sei
nem Hauptvortrag über die Möglichkeiten der photo
dynamischen Lasertherapie und legte dabei großen
Fokus auf die Behandlung von Parodontitis und Peri
implantitis. Mithilfe von zahlreichen histologischen Unter
suchungen und klinischen Studien konnte er die Effek
tivität des Lasers bei der Beseitigung von Biofilm – im
Vergleich zu anderen Verfahren, wie etwa der Chirurgie
oder konservativen Therapie – belegen. Die transgingivale
photodynamische Therapie birgt großartige zukünftige
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten, allerdings muss diese The
rapieform schlichtweg auch noch eingehender studiert
werden. Mit Blick auf die aktuelle Diskussion über die
S3-Leitlinie „Subgingivale Instrumentierung“ der Deut
schen Gesellschaft für Parodontologie stellt sich zudem
die Frage, ob die Untersuchungen von Prof. Sculean bei
der Leitlinienerstellung berücksichtigt worden sind.

Abwechslungsreich und informativ
Als Parallelveranstaltung zum Hauptkongress wurde
von der DGL ein Kurs zur Aktualisierung der Laser
schutzqualifikation durch Priv.-Doz. Dr. Rene Franzen
angeboten. Der zweitägige Kurs war in den Kongress
gebühren enthalten, was außergewöhnlich war, da der
artige Kurse normalerweise für mehrere Hundert Euro
angeboten werden. Von den zahlreichen weiteren wis
senschaftlichen P
räsentationen muss der Beitrag von
Dr. Detlef Klotz (Deutschland) besonders gelobt wer
den: Dr. Klotz sprach über die Möglichkeiten des Morita
Er:YAG-Lasers mit unterschiedlichen Tip-Designs im
endodontischen Bereich. Sein Vortrag beeindruckte unter
anderem durch ausgezeichnete Hochgeschwindigkeits
aufnahmen im Wurzelkanalbereich, die durch Laserlicht
ausgelöste Stoßwellen der Spülflüssigkeit in diesem Be
reich zeigten. In einem weiteren Hauptvortrag berichtete
Prof. Dr. Andreas Braun (Deutschland) über die Möglich
keiten und Grenzen des blauen 445 nm-Diodenlasers,
welcher insbesondere im chirurgischen Bereich bis
herige Diodenlasersysteme ersetzen könnte.

[39] =>

events

Abb. 7

Abb. 8

Abb. 7: Prof. Dr. Akira Aoki referierte über Er:YAG-Laserbehandlungen. Abb. 8: Dr. Dimitris Strakas und Prof. Dr. Lynn Powell.

Der zweite Kongresstag wurde durch das Galadiner
im herrlich gelegenen Schloss Rahe am Rande von
Aachen abgerundet, an welchem über 400 Gäste teil
nahmen. Das ausgezeichnete Programm umfasste Auf
tritte von Live-Bands und DJs sowie ein anspruchsvolles
Feuerwerk als krönenden Abschluss gegen 22 Uhr. Da
nach bestimmten Tanz, angeregte Unterhaltungen und
eine Menge Spaß das P
rogramm bis Mitternacht.
Auch am dritten Kongresstag, Mittwoch, dem 3. Ok
tober 2018, konnten die Teilnehmer zahlreichen hoch
karätigen Vorträgen beiwohnen. Besonders hervorzu
heben ist der Vortrag von Prof. Dr. Hisashi Watanabe
(Japan), der über Innovationen im Feld der Er:YAG-
Laserbehandlung von parodontalen Erkrankungen und
Periimplantitis berichtete. Animationen und Laservideos
begeisterten das Auditorium nachhaltig und auch hier
wurden ein weiteres Mal klinische Fälle aufgezeigt, die
trotz anfänglich schlechter Behandlungsvoraussetzun
gen hervorragend mithilfe von Er:YAG-Lasern gelöst
werden konnten. Das Spektrum an Vorträgen umfasste
die Bereiche Endodontie, Parodontitis, Periimplantitis,
Photodynamik, Implantologie sowie Laser- und Licht
strahltechnologien im Allgemeinen. Als sich der Kon
gress seinem Ende neigte, wurden im Rahmen einer
Abschlusszeremonie Preise an Dr. Konstantinos Tzimas
(Griechenland), Dr. Manoela Martins (Brasilien) und
Prof. Dr. Márcia Martins Marques (Brasilien) verliehen
und der nächste Kongressort bekanntgegeben. Z
udem
fand an diesem Tag sowohl die Generalversamm
lung der WFLD als auch die Mitgliederversammlung
der DGL statt.
Abschließend muss man neben den wissenschaft
lichen Hauptvorträgen auch die zahlreichen durch die
Industrie geförderten wissenschaftlichen Workshops
hervorheben, die von der DGL angeboten wurden: High
lights waren in diesem Zusammenhang die Anwendung
eines Sirona Diodenlasers durch Dr. Johannes-Simon
Wenzler und Prof. Dr. Andreas Braun, die Anwendung

des Lasers in der Implantologie durch Dr. Stefan G
rümer
und Dr. Ute Gleiß sowie die Darbietung von Möglichkei
ten der Laseranwendung in der (Kinder-)Zahnheilkunde
durch Dr. Gabriele Schindler-Hultzsch und Dr. Ralf
Borchers. Weitere interessante Workshops wurden von
Dr. Marco V
ukovic (Fotona Er:YAG-Laser) sowie Dr. Detlef
Klotz (Morita Er:YAG-Laser) angeboten. Der Lasersicher
heitskurs wurde erfolgreich von allen Teilnehmern im
Rahmen einer Klausur am Mittwoch um 12 Uhr abge
schlossen.

Fazit
Durch sein ausgezeichnetes und wissenschaftlich an
spruchsvolles Programm auf internationalem Niveau ist
der Kongress jetzt schon ein Meilenstein und wird mit
Sicherheit zu einem Wegweiser für künftige Kongresse zur
Laserzahnheilkunde avancieren. Ein R
ahmenprogramm,
welches die Kongressteilnehmer ausnahmslos in Be
geisterung versetzte, hinterließ einen rundum positiven
Nachgeschmack und dürfte allen Beteiligten noch lange
im Gedächtnis bleiben. Besonders loben muss man
abschließend noch einmal die Möglichkeit der kosten
günstigen Teilnahme an einem Aktualisierungskurs zum
Laserschutz. Dem Organisationskomitee und allen an
der Organisation beteiligten Personen aus Aachen ist
ausdrücklich und herzlich zu einem gut besuchten und
überaus erfolgreichen Kongress zu gratulieren.

Kontakt
Deutsche Gesellschaft
für Laserzahnheilkunde e.V. (DGL)
Pauwelsstraße 30
52074 Aachen
Tel.: 0241 8088164
sekretariat@dgl-online.de
www.dgl-online.de

4 2018

[40] =>

| news germany

Werden Sie DGL-Mitglied!

Aufnahmeantrag

Registrieren Sie sich jetzt unter www.qr.oemus.com/6153
oder scannen Sie den nebenstehenden QR-Code und werden Sie Teil
der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Laserzahnheilkunde e.V.
Forschung

Wirksamkeit von Lasertherapie bei Parodontitis und Periimplantitis
Die American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) ist anhand der aktuellen Studienlage der Frage nachgegangen, ob Lasertherapie allein oder in Kombination
mit klassischer Parodontaltherapie bei parodontalen Erkrankungen überlegen ist.
Ziel war es, Vorteile und Grenzen beim Einsatz von Lasern zu eruieren, um im
besten Fall Leitlinien für die klinische Praxis zu formulieren. Die Wissenschaftler
führten eine umfassende Literatur- und Datenbanksuche durch, und relevante
Studien wurden für die Untersuchung herangezogen. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine
teilweise widersprüchliche Studienlage, jedoch gab es Evidenzen, dass bei mittlerer bis schwerer Parodontitis eine konventionelle Therapie ergänzt durch Laser
bezüglich der Sondierungstiefe und klinischer Attachmentniveaus leicht bessere
Ergebnisse lieferte. Dies zeigte sich insbesondere beim Einsatz der antimikrobiellen Photodynamischen Therapie (aPDT). Die AAP spricht sich unter anderem für
die Vereinfachung von Protokollen und eine kontinuierliche Pﬂege der Datenbank
aus, um die Evaluation klinischer Studien weiter voranzutreiben.
Quelle: ZWP online

Wissenschaft

Amerikanische Forscher haben in einer Beobachtungsstudie herausgefunden, dass Alkoholkonsum erheblichen Einﬂuss auf das
orale Mikrobiom hat. Dabei zerstört Alkohol gesunde Bakterien und
fördert gleichzeitig das Wachstum schädlicher Bakterien, so die Ergebnisse der Studie. Über
1.000 Probanden wurden für die Analyse
untersucht, wobei sie in starke Trinker,
moderate Trinker und Nichttrinker eingeteilt wurden. 160 Teilnehmer galten
als starke Trinker, da sie ein oder mehrere
alkoholische Getränke (gilt für Frauen) bzw.
zwei oder mehrere alkoholische Getränke
(gilt für Männer) am Tag zu sich nahmen.
Moderate Trinker (614 Teilnehmer) konsumierten regelmäßig Alkohol und
Nicht trinker (270 Teilnehmer) nie.
Bei der Analyse des oralen Mikro-

4 2018

bioms der Testpersonen stellten die Wissenschaftler fest, dass
sowohl bei den starken als auch bei den moderaten Trinkern besonders die Laktobazillen reduziert waren. Diese sind nachweislich
für eine gute Mundgesundheit förderlich. Im Gegensatz dazu fanden sich vermehrt Bakterienarten von Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Leptotrichia und andere, die schädlich für die
Mundgesundheit sind. Bei Nichttrinkern konnte dieses
Ungleichgewicht des oralen Mikrobioms nicht
festgestellt werden. In weiteren Untersuchungen wollen die amerikanischen Forscher nun herausfinden, ob auch die Art
des konsumierten Alkohols (Wein,
Bier, Schnaps) unterschiedliche
Auswirkungen auf die Bakterienpopulationen im Mund hat.
Quelle: ZWP online

Alkohol bringt orales Mikrobiom aus dem Gleichgewicht

[41] =>

|
Strahlenschutzverordnung

germany news

Tattoo-Entfernungen per Laser
eingeschränkt
Die Entfernung von Tätowierungen mit Lasern oder vergleichbaren
hochenergetischen Verfahren darf in Zukunft nur noch von quali
fizierten Ärztinnen und Ärzten durchgeführt werden. Das sieht
eine Verordnung vor, die das Bundeskabinett kürzlich beschlossen hat. „Im Sinne der Patientensicherheit ist das die einzig rich
tige Entscheidung. Hochleistungslaser sind kein Spielzeug. Sie
gehören in die Hände von Ärztinnen und Ärzten“, kommentierte
Prof. Dr. Frank Ulrich Montgomery, Präsident der Bundesärzte
kammer, den Beschluss. Die ursprünglich in der Verordnung
vorgesehene Möglichkeit, die Entfernung von Tätowierungen mit
Lasern an Nicht-Ärztinnen und -Ärzte – also zum Beispiel Kosmetikerinnen – zu delegieren, wurde ersatzlos gestrichen. Der
Gesetzgeber folgte damit der Argumentation der Ärzteschaft.
Sie hatte in einer Stellungnahme darauf hingewiesen, dass die
Tattoo-Entfernung mit Lasern bei unsachgemäßer Ausführung ein
sehr hohes Gefährdungspotenzial für die Behandelten besitze und
zu dauerhaften Schäden an Augen und Haut führen könne.
Quelle: Bundesärztekammer

DGL-Einführungskurs 2019

„Laser in der Zahnheilkunde“ neu aufgelegt
Nach wie vor ist der Einsatz von Lasergeräten in der zahnmedizinischen Therapie, trotz inzwischen fast dreißigjähriger Nutzung in
Deutschland, kein Bestandteil des zahnärztlichen Curriculums an
bundesdeutschen Universitäten. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Laserzahnheilkunde e.V. (DGL) hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, Laser
in das zahnärztliche Therapiespektrum zu integrieren und den Einsatz dieser modernen Behandlungsmethode zu verbreiten. In diesem
Zusammenhang wird ein Einführungskurs an mehreren Terminen im
kommenden Jahr gehalten. Ziel des Kurses ist es, die Teilnehmer produktneutral über die Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Indikationen verschiedener Dentallaser zu informieren. Neben der Vermittlung physikalischer Grundlagen und der biohpysikalischen Interaktion der aktuellen
Wellenlängen mit unterschiedlichen Geweben werden vor allem die
klinische Anwendung und der Mehrwert für Patient und Behandler
in dieser Fortbildung herausgestellt. Eine Vielzahl an Fallbeispielen
und ein Hands-on-Training an Präparaten sollen den direkten Bezug zur Praxis
sicherstellen. Neben der Vermittlung von
Basiswissen wird mit allgegenwärtigen
Vorurteilen aufgeräumt und durch erfahrene Spezialisten die Chancen und Behandlungsoptionen des Lasereinsatzes
dargestellt. Zielgruppe sind Studierende
der Zahnmedizin, Assistenzärzte und interessierte zahnärztliche Kollegen.

Zur Auswahl stehen folgende Kurstermine:
–– 16. Februar 2019 (Erwitte)
–– 01. März 2019 (Grimmen)
–– 22. März 2019 (Köln)
–– 29. März 2019 (Berlin)
–– 06. September 2019 (Köln)
–– 20. September 2019 (Berlin)
–– 12. Oktober 2019 (Erwitte)
–– 15. November 2019 (Grimmen)

Anmeldung

Die Kursdauer wird pro Termin etwa 4 Stunden betragen. Bestandteil sind eine kurze Lernkontrolle und ein Hands-on-Training. Gemäß
den DGZMK-/BZÄK-Richtlinien wird dieser Kurs mit 6 Fortbildungspunkten bewertet. Der Kostenbeitrag liegt bei 30 Euro, allerdings
ist die Teilnahme für Studierende mit einem gültigen Studentenausweis frei. Die Kursanmeldung erfolgt über die Geschäftsstelle
der DGL, das Anmeldeformular ist entweder auf dgl-online.de
oder über den anbei stehenden QR-Code zu finden. Falls Sie teilnehmen möchten, senden Sie uns bitte das ausgefüllte Anmeldeformular entweder per E-Mail an sekretariat@dgl-online.de oder
especk@ukaachen.de, per Fax an 0241 803388164 oder per Post
an folgende Adresse: Uniklinik Aachen, Abt. für ZPP/DGL, Frau Eva
Speck, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen.
Quelle: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Laserzahnheilkunde e.V.

4 2018

[42] =>

| about the publisher

Imprint
Publisher
Torsten R. Oemus
oemus@oemus-media.de
CEO
Ingolf Döbbecke
doebbecke@oemus-media.de
Members of the Board
Jürgen Isbaner
isbaner@oemus-media.de
Lutz V. Hiller
hiller@oemus-media.de
Editor in Chief
Norbert Gutknecht
ngutknecht@ukaachen.de
Coeditors in Chief
Adam Stabholz
Matthias Frentzen
Editorial Managers
Dimitris Strakas
Leon Vanweersch
Regional Editors
Georgi Tomov
Europe
Marina Polonsky
North America
Marcia Martins Marques
South America
Youssef Sedky
Middle East & Africa
Ambrose Chan
Asia & Pacific

Senior Editors
Aslihan Üsümez
Josep Arnabat
Kosmas Tolidis
Andreas Braun
Rene Franzen
Lynn Powell
Editorial Board
Peter Steen Hansen, Aisha Sultan, Ahmed A Hassan,
Antonis Kallis, Dimitris Strakas, Kenneth Luk,
Reza Fekrazad, Sharonit Sahar-Helft,
Lajos Gaspar, Paolo Vescovi, Ilay Maden,
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Michel Vock, Anna Maria Yiannikos,
Ryan Seto, Joyce Fong, Iris Brader,
Masoud Mojahedi, Gerd Volland,
Gabriele Schindler, Ralf Borchers,
Stefan Grümer, Detlef Klotz, Jörg Meister,
Rene Franzen, Andreas Braun, Siegfried Jänicke,
Olaf Oberhofer, Thorsten Kleinert
Editorial Office
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laser international magazine of laser dentistry

is published in cooperation with the International
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laser international magazine of laser dentistry is published by OEMUS MEDIA AG and will appear with one issue every quarter in 2018. The magazine and all articles and illustrations
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42

4 2018

[43] =>

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) [page_count] => 44 [pdf_ping_data] => Array ( [page_count] => 44 [format] => PDF [width] => 595 [height] => 842 [colorspace] => COLORSPACE_UNDEFINED ) [linked_companies] => Array ( [ids] => Array ( ) ) [cover_url] => [cover_three] =>

[cover] => laser international No. 4, 2018

[toc] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [title] => Cover [page] => 01 ) [1] => Array ( [title] => Editorial [page] => 03 ) [2] => Array ( [title] => Content [page] => 04 ) [3] => Array ( [title] => Implant uncovering using the Er:YAG laser [page] => 06 ) [4] => Array ( [title] => Modern technologies in the treatment of periodontal disease Synergistic benefits [page] => 10 ) [5] => Array ( [title] => Removal of a fibroma using an Er:YAG laser [page] => 16 ) [6] => Array ( [title] => Successful communication in your daily practice Part VIII: How to take away the patient’s fears [page] => 20 ) [7] => Array ( [title] => Communication skills in the dental practice [page] => 22 ) [8] => Array ( [title] => International dental laser community gathered for World Congress [page] => 26 ) [9] => Array ( [title] => The World Congress as a turning point for laser dentistry [page] => 28 ) [10] => Array ( [title] => Manufacturer news [page] => 30 ) [11] => Array ( [title] => News international [page] => 32 ) [12] => Array ( [title] => Editorial [page] => 35 ) [13] => Array ( [title] => 16. Weltkongress in der Laserzahnheilkunde - 30 Jahre Laserinnovationen [page] => 36 ) [14] => Array ( [title] => News Germany [page] => 40 ) [15] => Array ( [title] => Imprint [page] => 42 ) ) [toc_html] =>

Table of contents

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