Endo Tribune Middle East & Africa No. 5, 2020Endo Tribune Middle East & Africa No. 5, 2020Endo Tribune Middle East & Africa No. 5, 2020

Endo Tribune Middle East & Africa No. 5, 2020

FKG Dentaire expands its legacy with RACE EVO and R-Motion / Clinical aspects of endodontic disinfection / The journey is the reward

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DTMEA_No.5. Vol.10_ET.indd





NL
Y
O
LS
NA
IO
SS
FE
O
PR
NT
AL
DE

www.dental-tribune.me

Published in Dubai

September-October 2020 | No. 5, Vol. 10

FKG Dentaire expands its legacy
with RACE EVO and R-Motion
By FKG Dentaire
LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, Switzerland:
Swiss company FKG Dentaire has a
legacy founded on years of trusted
performance and expertise. It is wellknown for its flagship XP-endo line,
and it is now introducing two innovative treatment solutions, RACE
EVO and R-Motion. The company
offers a comprehensive range of
products, providing a complete solution to the market’s instrumentation
needs.
The latest rotary system introduced
by FKG, RACE EVO, has evolved from
two decades of high-speed precision
performance design and original
RaCe product features.
A proprietary heat treatment process meets a groundbreaking protocol using higher rotation speed in

order to deliver greater soft control,
increased efficiency and improved
patient safety with every instrument. Boasting 40% more flexibility,
50% higher cutting efficiency and
2.8 times more resistance to fatigue
than its predecessors, RACE EVO is
engineered for high performance
and smooth progression.

Your approach, your choice
RACE EVO offers two core sequences with the highest optimal-use
range—RACE EVO 4% and RACE
EVO 6%—complete with one glide
path and two shaping instruments.
In addition, the flexibility offered by
the choice of two larger instruments
ensures that each treatment can be
adapted to the patient.
The versatility offered by the RACE
EVO system allows clinicians to
treat the vast majority of cases. The

highest-quality Swiss manufacturing
standards, coupled with FKG’s proud
reputation for reliability and clinical
excellence, provide the user with
maximum confidence in the system.

R-Motion—reciprocation
redefined
R-Motion is the first truly complete solution in reciprocation endodontics to combine enhanced
instrument flexibility and fatigue
resistance with a unique minimally
invasive approach. Engineered for
optimal ease and efficiency, R-Motion is up to 3.3 times more flexible
than standard NiTi reciprocating systems and offers up to 3.6 times the
fatigue resistance.
The R-Motion range comprises five
reciprocating files—one for glide
path creation (R-Motion Glider) and
four shaping instruments to choose

from: R-Motion 25, R-Motion 30, RMotion 40 and R-Motion 50.

Safety and respect of anatomy—reciprocation improved
The all-new sleek core design of RMotion and elite heat treatment
equip these instruments with unrivalled flexibility, high resistance to
fatigue, superior cutting efficiency
and a reduced screwing effect. Demonstrating 60% less transportation
than standard reciprocating NiTi
systems, R-Motion offers improved
centring ability and respect of the
canal anatomy, and an up to 40%
reduction of dentinal stress compared with the instruments of other
leading endodontic providers. The
result is a smoother progression in
the canal, putting control back into
the hands of clinicians, improving
patient safety and increasing treatment efficiency for a wide range of

canal anatomies and, as ever, a minimally invasive approach—the trademark of all FKG instrument systems.

New Rooter Universal endodontic motor—one size fits all
Rooter Universal is the latest cordless
endodontic motor from FKG. Having preset and fully programmable
settings and an integrated apex locator function, the cost-effective device drives all endodontic files with
high precision and reliability. Preset
programs dedicated to R-Motion,
RACE EVO and XP-endo make Rooter
Universal the ideal complement to
FKG’s leading instrument systems.
More information can be found at
www.fkg.ch.

AD

RECIPROCATION
REDEFINED

THE
RACE
ACE
LEGACY
SAFE. EFFICIENT. SOFT CONTROL.

SAFE. EASY. MINIMALLY INVASIVE.

www.fkg.ch/race-evo

www.fkg.ch/r-motion


[2] => DTMEA_No.5. Vol.10_ET.indd
A2

ENDO TRIBUNE

Dental Tribune Middle East & Africa Edition | 5/2020

Clinical aspects of endodontic disinfection
By Drs. Riccardo Tonini & Francesca
Cerutti, Italy

is present) and preventing reinfection16.

Root canal systems can often show
complex anatomies, with great variations in number and shape, as recently summarized by Versiani and
Ordinola-Zapata, which described
almost all anatomical configurations
possible to be observed in a single
root.1

Some clinical aspects of endodontic
disinfection can be critical, as the
scarce penetration of the irrigating
solution and the irrigant exchange
in complex anatomies, together with
the biofilm resistance to the action of
the irrigants17.

Anatomic factors may pose a significantly challenge to root canal
shaping. Curvatures, oval/flattened
canals and other pathologic or iatrogenic conditions may influence
attainment of a proper continuous
conical shape during instrumentation. Different preparation techniques leave 10 to 50% of the root
canal surface area untouched.2,3
Moreover, several studies have demonstrated the impossibility to obtain
a complete mechanical debridement
or chemical disinfection of the isthmuses and accessory or lateral canals
with the current technology, mostly
because, in canals with irregular
cross section, the instrument may
not reach all recesses, thus hard tissue debris remain packed into these
areas during the mechanical preparation of the root canal system.4-6
The main reasons for bacteria to
persist after chemomechanical procedures are that they are resistant to
treatment or they are unaffected by
instruments/irrigants. While some
microorganisms have been shown
to be resistant to some endodontic
antimicrobial agents7,8, resistance to
debridement and to NaOCl is highly
unlikely to occur9.
Anatomic complexities represent a
challenge to adequate disinfection,
since, in general, the main canal lumen and minor irregularities are incorporated into the preparation and
affected by NaOCl, but bacteria and
organic tissue may remain in areas
not reached by instruments and irrigants. Bacteria can spread through
these pathways, reaching the periodontal ligament and causing disease10, especially in the apical area,
where accessory canals are likely to
be present, according to De Deus and
Vertucci11,12. These areas are usually
not affected because of the limitations of instruments and the short
retention time of irrigants within the
root canal1.
From the clinical point of view, the
infection of the above mentioned
complex anatomical configurations,
with several portals of exit, can be
the cause of failure of primary and
secondary non-surgical endodontic
treatments; for this reason, an adequate infection control is necessary
not only in the main canal lumen,
but also in the entire root canal system6.
Shaping does an important part in
the endodontic treatment, but irrigants are in charge of the decontamination of the areas that cannot be
reached by the files2,13,14. Bringing the
irrigating solution as close as possible to the apex and ensuring a good
irrigant exchange, together with activating it, is extremely important
to reach the success in endodontic
treatments and retreatments15,16
(Figs. 1-4).
Irrigation is the step that is aimed to
remove as many bacteria as possible
from the root canal space, promoting apical healing (in case a lesion

Clinical and in vitro studies have
demonstrated that the combination of mechanical preparation and
antibacterial irrigants significantly
enhances disinfection when compared to irrigation with saline18. The
main requirement is to exchange
frequently the irrigating solutions
and use sufficient volumes in order
to maintain the antibacterial effectiveness of the NaOCl solution,
compensating for the effects of concentration1.
One simple method to improve the
irrigant exchange and to activate the
solution is the push-pull technique.
Most clinician consider irrigation
as the extrusion of an irrigant from
a syringe gripped by holding the index and middle fingers under the
wings of the syringe and the thumb
over the plunger. A simple yet effective method to improve the cleanliness of the root canal system, that
does not require the use of special
devices, consists in alternating positive and negative irrigation using the
push pull technique. After extruding
a small amount of irrigant, the clinician places the thumb under the
plunger and pushes upwards, developing a negative pressure that opposes the pressure used to inject the
irrigant into the canal: this causes a
suction of fluids into the canals, improving the fluid dynamics within
the root canal system.
In this way, keeping the needle stationary and moving the plunger, the
liquids have a better penetration into
the canals, acting more effectively
(as the buffer effect is decreased by
a constant exchange of solutions)1920.
During the negative pressure phase,
the fluids in the canal return to the
syringe by capillarity and are reactivated, while any pathogens are
eliminated thanks to the action of
the irrigant solution (Figs. 5-7).

Fig. 1: A large decay on tooth 4.5 makes it necessary to plan an
endodontic treatment. The anatomy of the tooth is similar to
that described by Versiani et al.
Fig. 5: The bitewing X-ray shows an extensive hard tissue loss on
the tooth 3.6.

Fig. 2: The access cavity is designed after removing the decayed
tissue. Two thin root canals have been shaped and cleaned, then
a final irrigation is performed using the push-pull technique.
The presence of notches on the shank of the irrigation cannula
makes it easier to control the correspondence between the
working length and the position of the cannula into the canal.

Fig. 3: The postoperative X-ray confirms the presence of an
articulated anatomy that was treated thanks to the synergic
use of shaping instruments and sodium hypochlorite, brought
into the root canal system by means of IrriFlex, a polypropylene
irrigation needle by Produits Dentaires. The tooth is restored
with and indirect composite overlay.

Fig. 6: The push-pull technique is used while irrigation with
IrriFlex.

Fig. 7: The postoperative X-ray shows the correct filling of the
root canal system.

Fig. 8: Detail of the irrigant flow in the apical area.
4a

This creates an ideal condition for
the next active irrigation phase, because the new irrigant can come into
contact with the entire dentine surface (Fig. 8).
This simple technique is also able to
reveal to the operator any confluence of apparently independent canals: in this case it will be sufficient to
observe if, during the suction phase
carried out in one canal, the irrigant
disappears from the adjacent canal.
The clinician, during the execution
of the technique, should try not to
introduce air into the root canal16
(Figs. 9,10).
One significant improvement to
this technique is represented by the
introduction in the market of a polypropylene irrigation needle developed by Produits Dentaires (Switzerland) and named IrriFlex.
Thanks to an innovative back-toback side vent design that improves
the fluid dynamics into the canal, IrriFlex allows performing a safe and
efficient cleaning of the root canal
system, even in presence of challenging difficult anatomies.

Fig. 9: The patient refers spontaneous pain to the tooth 2.6.
4b
Fig. 4a,b: The tooth 3.4 presents a large decay and requires endodontic treatment. The postoperative X-ray shows the presence
of a loop in the root canal system.

Several articles described the superior adaptation of IrriFlex in curved canals, thanks to its 30G tip and superior flexibility with respect to steel or Ni-Ti, following the
anatomy of the root until the working length, without
the risk of blocking.
The possibility to bring the irrigant where it is most
needed and to deliver a large volume of solution with no
effort, together with the possibility for the operator to
control the depth at which the tip is (thanks to the millimetric notches printed on the shank of the cannula),
helps improving the disinfection step of the root canal
treatment, making it more ergonomic and safer.
IrriFlex improves fluid dynamics throughout the root
canal system, retaining the safety features of closed tip
needles: the irrigant, in fact, can only flow coronally and
the two microscopic outlets induce atomization of the
liquid, effective fluid dynamics turbulence for fluid replacement and improve the removal of dentine debris. It

Fig. 10: The postoperative X-ray shows the presence of multiple
lateral canals.

also works perfectly with the push-pull technique, allowing an increased irrigant exchange in the apical third of
the root.
The introduction of technological innovations in endodontics helps achieving more easily repeatable and
predictable results, with benefits for the patient and the
operator.


[3] => DTMEA_No.5. Vol.10_ET.indd
Dental Tribune Middle East & Africa Edition | 5/2020

A3

ENDO TRIBUNE

The journey is the reward
By Dr Silviu Bondari, France
During a revision, the optimal canal
shape is not always that obvious at
the start: Fortunately, modern assistance systems guide the dentist
step by step through the individual
root canal anatomy. In the following
case, Dr. Silviu Bondari will use a new
digital endo co-pilot to support him
on his way down to the apex.
When travelling by car, people have
long since become accustomed to
routing by navigation system or app:
The digital co-pilot knows the traffic
rules, reports and avoids obstacles
and, in case of doubt, even reacts
faster than the human driver. The
long-cherished dream of reliable autonomous driving is now apparently
finally coming true in endodontics,
too.
Thanks to a new drive concept, modern endomotors provide the dentist
with quasi active support in both
mechanical and chemical preparation. At millisecond intervals, a complex algorithm controls the variable
file movements - current intensity,
torque and possible fatigue always

firmly in view. At the same time, the
electronic co-driver signals acoustically when and how often rinsing is
required. Such assistance systems
are a great help, especially during revisions where the "course of the road
ahead" is not quite obvious at the
beginning. This is also the case in the
following report of a retreatment in
the left mandibular.
Apical periodontitis in tooth 36
Our 30-year-old patient was first
diagnosed with acute pulpitis in a
lower molar in 2015. Tooth 36 received root canal treatment and was
then obturated using the vertical
condensation technique with guttapercha and a two-component sealer
(Fig. 1). Unfortunately, the success of
the treatment was not long-lasting.
In 2020, the patient again presented
himself in our practice with acute
pain symptoms. X-ray diagnostics
confirmed the suspicion of apical
periodontitis on both root canals of
the treated tooth 36 (Fig. 2). The patient finally agreed to the necessary
revision treatment.

Preparation
with remover file

The first and decisive step in retreatment is the complete removal of the
inadequate or aged gutta-percha filling. For this purpose we use special
remover files in our practice (Fig. 3).
The MicroMega Remover (30/.07)
from COLTENE adapts flexibly to
the individual canal shape. In this
case, we loosened the existing obturation material in this way without
using additional solvents. At a speed
of 1,000 rpm with continuous rotation, the filigree file was inserted
over two thirds of the canal. Thanks
to the non-cutting instrument tip,
the surrounding dentin was spared
as much as possible. This additional
safety component has proven to be
very valuable in daily work.
Subsequently, the use of suitable
NiTi files is recommended for further shaping of the channel. The
remaining distal root was treated
with the HyFlex EDM OneFile in the
contra-angle handpiece at 500 rpm.
HyFlex EDM files size 20/05 were
used in the mesial canals. The speed
was also 500 rpm. With the remover
files, the existing gutta-percha could

be eliminated surprisingly quickly
and easily. Within seconds a clean access to the apical third was achieved.

To the root in autopilot

Even more exciting for us was the test
drive with a new type of digital endoassistance system. The CanalPro Jeni
endomotor of international dental
specialist COLTENE was used for the
first time to perform the mechanical
and chemical preparation in the
case described above (Fig. 4). The
(enchanting) Jeni is named after
its inventor Prof. Dr. Eugenio
Pedullà. For a long time the Italian
endo specialist was occupied with
the question of how the vision of
autonomous driving could also be
used in endodontics for safe and less
error-prone root canal treatment.
The result is a fully automatic
endomotor that independently
finds its way through the root canal.
The application was comparatively
simple: just work steadily with light
pressure from coronal to apical.
Meanwhile, the motor decides independently on the appropriate motion sequence. For this purpose, the
software of the assistance system

uses complex algorithms that make
the whole thing possible in the first
place. Every millisecond, the device
controls the variable file movements
and continuously adjusts the rotational movement, speed and torque.
Unnecessary file stress is also continuously corrected by Jeni.
The selection of the appropriate NiTi
sequence on the touch screen was
quick and easy. However, it took a
bit of getting used to the consequent
preliminary work in the canal from
coronal to apical, if one is used to
carefully advance in a small pecking
motion downwards relying on tactile
feedback. With Jeni, the dentist just
holds the contra-angle handpiece,
the motor does the rest and adjusts
the rotation to the root canal anatomy. This "teamwork" also makes
root canal treatment much more efficient and less prone to errors. After
my initial reluctance, I grew more
confident and trusted Jeni to indicate in good time when things could
get tricky in the canal. The digital copilot also indicates when it is time to
change files and when to rinse. In turbulent weeks with many treatments
and emergencies, you will be quite
grateful to have an additional safeguard in addition to the assistance
at the chair, which subtly reminds
you of the next step in the treatment
process.
For the final shaping of the canal, the
25/~ HyFlex EDM OneFile was used
in the mesial canals. An EDM file size
40 with Taper 04 was used in the
distal canal. The result on the radiograph after obturation was extremely pleasing. Hopefully, it will be more
durable than the first treatment approach five years ago (Figs. 5 and 6).

Conclusion

Fig. 1: X-ray of the initial treatment of
tooth 36 five years ago.

Fig. 2: Pre-operative radiographic image
of tooth 36 at the retreatment.

Fig. 3: Remover file in situ.

During revisions, flexible remover
files can be used to efficiently loosen and remove insufficient guttapercha fillings. Digital endo-assist
systems navigate the dentist step
by step through the mechanical and
chemical preparation by adjusting
the variable file movement. Thanks
to the continuous pre-processing
from coronal to apical, canal shaping is much more efficient and less
prone to errors than before.

About the author

Fig. 4: Fully automatic Endo motor CanalPro Jeni.

Fig. 5 and 6: Post-operative radiographic image.

Dr. Silviu Bondari
186 rue Constant Fouché
27210 Beuzeville
France
drbondari@yahoo.com

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