DT Pakistan No. 5, 2018

News / Clinical Implantology / Interview: "I truly believe in the effect of preventative measures"

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PUBLISHED IN PAKISTAN

www.dental-tribune.com.pk

Page 4

Dynamic navigation
for reliable and
predictable ...

FDI World Dental
Congress 2018

1st International
PSOMP
Conference

NEWS

SEPTEMBER, 2018 - Issue No. 05 Vol.5

NEWS

Page 6

CLINICAL IMPLANTOLOGY

Dr Arif Alvi becomes

13th President of Pakistan

DT Pakistan Report

K

ARACHI - Dr. Arif-urRehman Alvi was voted
the President of Islamic
Republic of Pakistan on September
5th 2018, and assumed office on
September 9th. President Dr Arif
Avi, a close ally of PM Imran Khan,
was one of the founding members
of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI),
the winning political party of
General Elections Pakistan 2018.
After Fatima Ali Jinnah, he is the
first dentist to make a name in
Pakistani politics, and the second
ever dentist to become the president
of a country.
President Alvi was born in a welleducated family on August 29th
1949, in Karachi, where his father
had settled with family postpartition. He split his time between
several locations on account of the
different places he travelled to for
his education. He received his early
education in his home town, in

Karachi. For his degree in Bachelor
of Dental Surgery, Alvi got enrolled
in the University of Punjab, in
Lahore. He acquired his Master's
degree in Prosthodontics after
undergoing two years of
postgraduate training at the
University of Michigan Ann Arbor,
in 1975. For his second postgraduate
programme he earned an Master of
Science in Dentistry (MSD) in
Orthodontics from the University
of Pacific San Francisco, in 1984.
Later, he went on to become an
acknowledged and esteemed
contributor of the global dental
community. In 1995, he was
awarded Diplomate American
Board of Orthodontists and became
one of the ten Asians with this level
of qualification. His achievements
are recognized and appreciated
worldwide. On being elected as
Pakistan's president, Dr Alvi
received congratulatory messages
from various dental associations

globally, among which were
Pakistan Dental Association, Asia
Pacific Dental Federation, and
Turkish Dental Association. This
year, FDI in its annual meeting,
World Dental Conference, held in
Buenos Aires, Argentina, honoured
Dr Arif Alvi for his many
contributions to the dental
community and on being elected as
Pakistan's President.
Dr Arif Alvi inherited his passion
in dentistry from his father, Dr
Habib-ur-Rehman Elahi Alvi, who
is known to be the dentist of India's
first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal
Nehru. After partition, and
migration to Pakistan, Dr Elahi
established a Dental Clinic in
Saddar, Karachi. The Alvi clan
claims to be in the profession of
Dentistry for over a century, since
1880 to be precise. It does not come
across as shocking, given that his
father, his uncles and aunts, Alvi
Continued on Page 15

Page 8

FDI WDC 2018

Dr Kell: The absolute
meeting point for the
oral health profession
DT Pakistan Report

B

UENOS
AIRES,
ARGENTINA - From 5th
to 8th September, the
capital of Argentina was the
meeting point for dental
professionals from around the
world. According to FDI, close to
8000 participants from 130

countries travelled to South
America to make use of the
numerous opportunities to learn
and network at the 106th World
Dental Congress (WDC). Among
the highlights were papers by key
opinion leaders and the state-ofthe-art dental technology on display
at the industry exhibition. In total,
over 150 speakers held lectures
across the four days of congress.
In order to facilitate accessibility,
most lectures were simultaneously
interpreted or available on screen
in both English and Spanish. The
event officially opened with
traditional dances, speeches and a
warm welcome by FDI President
Dr Kathryn Kell.
Vice chairman APDF, Dr Asif
Niaz Arain and Professor Dr. Fazal
Ghani, Head of Prosthodontics
Department, Dean Postgraduate
Dental Sciences and Coordinator
International, Peshawar Dental
College (Pakistan), who was
awarded the FDI's Travel Grant'18
was present at the event as the
Continued on Page 15

[2] => Dt pages.FH10

NEWS

2 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018
PAKISTAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION ADVISORY NOTE

Restricting the use of dental
amalgam in children under 15
years, and pregnant women
By Dr. Mahmood Shah

D

ental amalgam is a
commonly used restorative
material, which is comprised
of approximately 50% mercury.
Numerous data related to dental
mercury toxicity are available, which
suggest that children are most
susceptible to its toxic effect. Mercury
toxicity in children is likely to cause
neurological, reproductive, and renal
problems, which are long-term. These
problems are most likely to adversely
affect their health, education and wellbeing. In many countries, the use of
dental amalgam has already been
banned, restricted or discouraged for
children below 15 years of age &
women that are pregnant or breastfeed
their infants.
Worldwide recognition of the serious
impact of mercury pollution led to the
Minamata Convention on Mercury,
which was named after Minamata city
in Japan, where major industrial
release of mercury waste took place
during 1930s to 1960s. The
Convention was adopted in 2013, and

has been agreed upon and
signed by almost 130
countries ever since,
including Pakistan.
The aim of the
Convention is to
reduce the trade and
supply of mercury
by preventing its
unnecessary use in
products
and
manufacturing processes,
with the overall objective
of reducing environmental
mercury pollution and the
consequent risk to human
health. The Minamata
Convention on Mercury also
requires that participating
countries phase-down their use of
dental amalgam.
Subsequently, the European
Commission Regulation on Mercury
was adopted by Member States on 17
May 2017 to ratify and enforce the
Minamata Convention. It was decided
in the regulation that from 1st July

PMDC Adhoc
Committee meets
with CJP

DT Pakistan Report

I

SLAMABAD - Pakistan Medical and
Dental Council 's (PMDC) Ad hoc
committee, headed by
Chairman, Justice (Retd)
Mian Shakirullah Jan,
scheduled a meeting with
the Chief Justice of Pakistan
(CJP), Mian Saqib Nisar.
Attorney General of Pakistan, Mr. Anwar
Mansoor Khan was also a part of this meeting.
The adhoc committee notified the Chief
Justice regarding the progress and draft rules
of the council.
The committee members also expressed
their gratitude towards the CJP, for showing
concerns over the grave national issues of
healthcare and education.
This particular adhoc panel came into being
after the Council was dissolved on the orders
of Supreme Court, over the lapse of a
Presidential Ordinance promulgated for its
creation.
Though the panel headed by former
Supreme Court Judge, Shakirullah Jan, it is
still instructed to stay put, until the
government replaces it with a nominated or
elected Council.

Editor Clinical Research
Dr. Inayatullah Padhiar
Editors Research & Public Health
Prof. Dr. Ayyaz Ali Khan
Editor - Online
Haseeb Uddin
Designing & Layout
Sh. M. Sadiq Ali

Dental Tribune Pakistan

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Tel.: +92 21 35378440-2 | Fax: +92 21 35836940
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Dental Tribune Pakistan cannot assume
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for typographical errors. The publisher also does
not assume responsibility for product names or
statements made by advertisers. Opinions expressed
by authors are their own and may not reflect of
Dental Tribune Pakistan.

International Imprint
Publisher/Chief Executive Officer Torsten R. Oemus

2018,
Dental
Amalgam
shall
not be
used for
dental treatment
of Deciduous Teeth, of Children under
15 years, and of Pregnant or
Breastfeeding Women, except when
deemed strictly necessary by the
Dental Practitioner based on the
specific medical needs of the patient.

38th International Dental
Show (IDS), Germany

T

Publisher/CEO
Syed Hashim A. Hasan
hashim@dental-tribune.com.pk

he upcoming IDS is
being held on March
12th-16th 2019 in
Cologne, Germany. The aim is
to comprehensively present the
cutting-edge technological
advancement in the field of
dentistry, with the thought of
encouraging collaboration
between dentists and the dental
technicians.
In the past decade, digital
technology mushroomed at a
remarkable pace, proliferating
all kinds of practices, including
the ones that were thought of
as staying conventional, or
connected to their traditional
roots. One of the areas that has
been more than welcoming to
the concept of advancing
technology is dentistry. Among
other medical fields, dentistry
has the potential to relish the
most benefits from
digitalization, due to its diverse
nature that is gravid with a tightknitted combination of
medicine, technology, and

aesthetic. Gesellschaft zur
Förderung der Dental-Industrie
mbH (GFDI) organizes a
biennial event: The
International Dental Show.
These events strive to
promote advancement in dental
practice, by demonstrating
futuristic possibilities,
cultivating constructive
discussions, and, educating the
participants with valuable
advices and guidelines.
"Here digital systems, planning
tools, different production
options and their application
within the team can be
experienced close-up and in a
diversity that cannot be found
anywhere else," said Dr.
Markus Heibach, Executive
Director VDDI.
An important goal of this
year's IDS is to spread the
realization of, and respect for
the fact that the considerations
given to material and
production departments should
Continued on Page 14

Chief Financial Officer

Dan Wunderlich

Director Content

Claudia Duschek

Clinical Editors

Nathalie Schüller
Magda Wojtkiewicz

Editor & Social Media Manager Monique Mehler
Editors

Franziska Beier
Brendan Day
Kasper Mussche

Assistant Editor &
Video Producer

Luke Gribble

Copy Editors

Ann-Katrin Paulick
Sabrina Raaff

Business Development &
Marketing Manager

Alyson Buchenau

Digital Production Manager

Tom Carvalho

Junior Digital Production
Manager

Hannes Kuschick

Project Manager Online

Chao Tong

IT & Development

Serban Veres

Graphic Designer

Maria Macedo

E-Learning Manager

Lars Hoffmann

Education & Event Manager

Sarah Schubert

Product Manager Surgical
Tribune & DDS.WORLD

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Accounting

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Media Sales Managers

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Weridiana Mageswki (Latin America)
Barbora Solarova(Eastern Europe)
Peter Witteczek (Asia Pacific)
Executive Producer

Gernot Meyer

Advertising Disposition

Marius Mezger

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Tel.: +49 341 48 474 302 | Fax: +49 341 48 474 173
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©2018, Dental Tribune International GmbH.
All rights reserved. Dental Tribune International
makes every effort to report clinical information
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cannot assume responsibility for the validity of
product claims, or for typographical errors. The
publishers also do not assume responsibility for
product names, claims, or statements made by
advertisers. Opinions expressed by authors are their
own and may not reflect those of Dental Tribune
International.

[3] => Dt pages.FH10

[4] => Dt pages.FH10

NEWS

4 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

1ST INTERNATIONAL PSOMP CONFERENCE

Oral pathology an
emerging specialty

DT Pakistan Report

K

ARACHI - The first
international conference
under the aegis of Pakistan
Society of Oral and Maxillofacial
Pathology (PSOMP) was held at
Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi. The
conference attracted a huge response,
and people from all over Pakistan
attended the event. Both national and
international speakers participated in
the conference. The event started with
recitation from the Holy Quran
followed, by presentations from
distinguished speakers including Prof.
Dr. Mervyn Hosein, Dean Faculty of
Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Shahid Pervaiz,
HOD Pathology Department, AKUH,
and Prof. Dr. Talat Mirza, Prof. of
Pathology and Director Research. Dr
Mervyn M. Hosein's presentation on
'Oral Cancer; Disease Burden and
Challenges' provided a lot of insight
into OSF incidence in Pakistan.
The conference covered multiple
topics including in-depth knowledge
on progression of head and neck
cancer, its epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, molecular progression,
and latest advancements. Prof. Arshad
Malik presented on 'Trigeminal
Neuralgia and Related Oro-facial
Pain'.

Under graduate and post graduate
poster competition was held which
was won by FJDC and LCMD, 2nd
Position went to Ziauddin University,
and 3rd position was grabbed by
DIDC, DUHS.
Pakistan Society of Oral and
Maxillofacial Pathology (PSOMP)
came into being in 2013 through the
efforts of Dr. Nauman Rauf Khan,
who is currently the chairman of the
society. Executive council included
Dr. Asifa Iqbal and Dr. Joharia Azhar
from Lahore and Islamabad,
respectively. Dr Nauman Khan
nominated Prof. Dr. Arshad Malik as
the First President of the council. Later
regional councils were constituted in
KPK, Federal, Punjab, Baluchistan,
and Sindh. Regional Council meetings
and seminars are held annually.
Karachi got the privilege of holding
the first international PSOMP
conference, at Ziauddin University
(Clifton Campus), Karachi.
The event also witnessed central
council elections. All five provincial
presidents participated in the ballot.
Dr. Saima Chaudhry from Punjab, Dr.
Sultan Zeb from KPK, Dr. Nabiha
Farashat from Baluchistan, Dr. Salik
Rasool from Sindh, and Dr. Beenish
Zubair from federal council were the

candidates for the post of central
council President.
Dr. Sultan Zaib Khan, President KP
Council won after a tight competition
with Dr Saima Chaudhry, and was
elected as the new president of the
society. Society also awarded PhD
faculty with honorary fellowship at
the convocation to Prof. Arshad Malik,
Dr. Sultan Zaib Khan, Dr. Saima
Chaudhry, Dr. Farhat Kazmi, Dr. Erum
Khan, and Dr. Sadia Iqbal, Prof. Dr.
Arshad Malik was also awarded as

President Emeritus by all regional
council presidents. A tribute was given
to late Prof. Abdul Qadir Khehro for
his services to Sindh council, and to
Prof. Dr Arshad Malik for his tireless
effort for the society. Dental News
was also awarded a gold medal for
the services rendered to the profession.
The event was well managed and
highlighted the fact that Oral
pathology is an emerging specialty
that has a lot of scope in Pakistan.

One dental surgeon
running an entire
tertiary care hospital
DT Pakistan Report

L

ARKANA - The
largest tertiary-care
hospital of rural
Sindh, is currently being run
by only one Senior Dental
Surgeon of BPS-18, which
indicates towards the
condition of governance in
Sindh.
Earlier, it was revealed that,
02 dental surgeons were
catering patients with dental
ailments of not only the entire
district of Larkana, but were
also dealing with medico-legal
cases; and recently, one of
them retired.
In this connection, the
Medical Superintendent,
Chandka Medical College
Hospital (CMCH), recently
sent an urgent letter to the
Director General, Health
Services, Sindh, Hyderabad,

requesting him to increase
posts of Dental Surgeons in
the SNE.
The letter also shed light upon
the issue of handling MedicoLegal cases and Maxillofacial
Surgeries, which cannot be
dealt with by a single doctor.
Due to the immense amount
of workload, one dental
surgeon cannot well.
It must be mentioned here
that, a 30-bedded Dental
Department was established
in CMCH in 2015, costing
millions of rupees but uptil
now, no patient has been
admitted due to scarcity of
proper doctors. The
machinery, equipment and
instruments costing
approximately Rs 20 million
have gone to waste, as nobody
is available to use them for
the benefit of poor patients.

Private clinics of specialist
doctors, who work under
Benazir Bhutto Medical
University are flourishing.
OPD operated under and by
the dental surgeons of Bibi
Aseefa Dental College
(BADC) is working, but
CMCH 's OPD was closed
down arbitrarily after opening
of BADC, causing issues for
needy patients. At BADC,
patients have to pay for
various treatments, whereas

at CMCH services were
provided free of cost.
Moving onto the matter of
BADC doctors handling
Medico-Legal cases, they
have refused to examine or
operate on such cases, to avoid
making frequent appearances
in courts.
Sources disclosed that,
District Hospital, Shikarpur
has 09 posts of dentists and
dental surgeons, Nawabshah
has 07 posts, Jacobabad 06

posts, Liaquat University
Hospital has 12 posts and they
are demanding creation of 30
more posts due to rush of
patients, but CMCH has
constantly been ignored for
unknown reasons by the
Government during their past
10 years rule, despite the fact
that indisposed people of more
than 12 districts reach out to
this particular health facility
to get medical treatment and
undergo surgeries.

[5] => Dt pages.FH10

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6 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

NEWS

FDI World Dental Congress 2018 welcomed
the world of dentistry to South America

UENOS
AIRES,
importance and positive influence
ARGENTINA - Thirty
meetings like the WDC had on the
years after it was first held
reputation and development of
in the country, this year the FDI
emerging countries such as
World Dental Congress (WDC)
Argentina.
returned to Buenos Aires. Despite
After the speeches, the audience
the three decades that had passed,
was treated to rich cultural
FDIs aim to make its annual
performances, with a spectacular
congress the absolute meeting
tango, followed by the traditional
point for the oral health
flag ceremony in which the whole
profession remained unchanged.
audience passionately engaged,
The event was officially opened
and an entertaining Argentine
with traditional dances, speeches
gaucho dance show.
and a most warm welcome by FDI
Thousands of dental
President Dr. Kathryn Kell.
professionals from all around the
After a very busy first day,
world appeared to attend the fourcongress attendees, FDI delegates
day WDC, which was organized
and industry officials met in the
by Istanbul-based company
general assembly hall at La Rural
evronas events and the Argentine
to celebrate the official opening.
dental association. More than 160
A big round of applause met Kells
lectures and presentations, as well
entering of the stage, where she
as other events related to oral
greeted the audience and thanked
disease prevention and
everyone for travelling from near
management were planned for the
At
the
2018
World
Dental
Congress
opening,
Dr.
Kathryn
Kell,
President
of
the
and far to take part in the 106th
congress. In addition, local and
FDI
World
Dental
Federation,
welcomed
attendees
with
a
stirring
address.
flagship event of FDI.
global manufacturers were to
(Photograph:
Monique
Mehler,
Dental
Tribune
International)
Together we can celebrate
showcase their latest products and
being part of FDIs rich network and
services at the exhibition in the green
local communities who are committed
In his address, Dr. Guillermo an excellent scientific program which a n d y e l l o w p a v i l i o n s . F r o m
to improving our overall well-being Rivero, President of the Argentine will provide excellent opportunities September 5th until 8th, Buenos Aires
worldwide. I wish you an excellent dental association (Confederación to learn new and develop existing was to be the world capital of
congress, and from all of us at FDI Odontológica de la República skills at this multifaceted congress. d e n t i s t r y - D e n t a l T r i b u n e
thank you for being here, said Kell. Argentina), added: We have achieved He furthermore highlighted the International

FDI Women
Dentists Worldwide
gathers for forum

UENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA - On 7
September, an international group of female
dentists and opinion leaders in several
specialties met for the FDI Women Dentists
Worldwide Forum. The session was titled "Leading
technologies-Impact of knowledge to clinical
practice" and consisted of papers presented by three
women dentists who are all part of Women Dentists
Worldwide.
Moderator of the session and Women Dentists
Worldwide Chair Dr. Vesna Barac-Furtinger led
the audience, which consisted of men and women
alike, through the program. She explained that FDI
Women Dentists Worldwide exists to coordinate
the activities of the national groups, promote the
collection of information about women dentists
and their pattern of working, and address inequalities
where they exist. Furthermore, it aims to facilitate
contacts between women and enhance their full
participation in all branches of the profession on
a worldwide basis.
Before introducing the first speaker of the
morning, Barac-Furtinger welcomed honorary guest
FDI President Dr. Kathryn Kell, who joined the
forum for the lectures and networking opportunities.
As a dentist, Kell has been a longtime member and

Women Dentists Worldwide Forum attendees got together for a group photo with FDI President
Dr. Kathryn Kell. (Photograph: Monique Mehler, Dental Tribune International)
supporter of Women Dentists Worldwide.
Dr. Nermin Yamalik, who is a periodontist and
professor at Hacettepe University in Ankara, Turkey,
gave the first lecture, titled "Evidence based
dentistry (EBD) and critical thinking." She pointed
out that EBD and critical thinking are crucial from
both a scientific and dental practice viewpoint. This
is due to their potential impact on the outcome of
dental treatment and the success of the dental
practice, she said.
The second speaker was orthodontist Dr. Simona
Dianiskova from Bratislava, Slovakia, where
besides working in her own practice, she teaches
at the Slovak Medical University. Her lecture
"Digitalisation in orthodontic practice" addressed

how modern technology has simplified her everyday
work. At the end of her lecture, Dianiskova thanked
FDI for providing women from all over the world
with a platform for learning, sharing and
networking.
Lastly, American board-certified orthodontist Dr.
Jina Lee Linton presented her paper, "3D digitalCCO System, scale up in orthodontics." Linton
lives and works in Seoul, South Korea. During her
lecture, she introduced 3-D biodigital diagnosis
and treatment planning. Furthermore, she explained
what the Complete Clinical Orthodontics System
is, and how to accomplish speedy, efficient,
predictable, and stable outcomes using it.
- Dental Tribune International

[7] => Dt pages.FH10

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8 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

CLINICAL IMPLANTOLOGY

Dynamic navigation for reliable and predictable
flapless implant placement
By Dr David Burgess

A

52-year-old female patient
was concerned about the
appearance of her smile. Her
upper right first molar and second
premolar had been missing for several
years (Figs. 1 and 2). She was
otherwise a fit and healthy non-smoker.
The patient was unwilling to consider
a denture and was not keen for the
symptomless adjacent teeth to be
prepared for bridgework, particularly
the upper right first premolar, which
was unfilled. She did not wish to have
any form of removable prosthesis. She
chose to have implant-supported
crowns, as she wanted the final
restoration to be as close as possible
to having natural teeth.
Clinical examination and planning

before implant surgery. A NaviStent
was fabricated and a fiducial marker
attached, prior to the CBCT scan.
Fabrication of the NaviStent is quick,
easy and takes place chairside, using
a unique thermo-plastic material which
is moulded directly onto the patient's
existing dentition. The NaviStent is
designed and fabricated to ensure a
high level of stability, while providing
unrestricted access to the planned
implant sites.
The scan was taken with a Morita
3-D CBCT system, which provides
high definition, distortion-free images
for accurate diagnosis and planning.
Radiographic and CBCT examination
revealed approximately 9 mm of bone
depth, from the crest of the ridge to
the floor of the maxillary antrum, in
the upper right second premolar site,

Fig:1

crowns were planned prior to treatment
and the consequent position of the
implants determined, so that the
optimum restoration could be
achieved.
Due to the limited bone depth in the
first molar site, augmentation of the
ridge was planned by utilising the
internal sinus lift (or Summer's)
technique. The minimally invasive
procedure allowed placement of dental
implants in a site with reduced bone
depth, without causing iatrogenic
sequelae through damaging an intact
Schneiderian membrane.
Flapless procedure
Treatment was carried out under
local anaesthesia. The flapless
procedure resulted in minimal trauma
to the gingival tissue overlying the
ridge. The previously constructed

Fig:2

Fig: 3

the sinus lift. Navident provided
visual confirmation of the position of
the drill tip to accurately gauge the
correct depth (Fig. 8). Preparation
continued using a 3.5 mm drill bit,
which, again, was calibrated and
verified before use (Figs. 9 and 10).
A 3.5 mm diameter and 8 mm
length Dentsply Ankylos C/X implant
was placed 1 mm subcrestally in the
upper right second premolar site. A
guide pin was placed in the upper
right first molar site to check the depth
and alignment (Fig. 11). The
NaviStent was removed and the site
was prepared for the sinus lift
osteotome (Figs. 12 and 13). The
osteotome was tapped gently with a
surgical mallet until the remaining
thin layer of bone infractured and was
elevated (Fig. 14). The Schneiderian

Fig: 4

Fig: 5

Fig: 6

Fig: 7

Fig: 8

Fig: 9

Fig: 10

Fig: 11

Fig: 12

Clinical examination suggested that
the bucco-palatal width of the
maxillary ridge was wide enough to
consider flapless surgery. This had
added appeal, as the patient was
travelling a great distance for the
treatment, so wished to minimise the
number of appointments and the
potential for postoperative
complications.
Computer-guided dynamic
navigation with Navident by ClaroNav
was used in the preparation of this
case. Scanning and planning took place
during the assessment visit, 48 hours

and no more than 5 mm bone depth
in the first molar site. Planning took
place immediately after the scan, with
the patient present, so she could see
the proposed treatment on the Navident
software. She felt reassured by the
care being taken to achieve optimum
implant positioning, with minimal risk
of potential complications, and was
extremely impressed with the
technology.
The Navident planning software
allowed the placement of the implants
to be restoratively driven. The size,
shape and position of the intended

NaviStent, and the drill tag and jaw
tag supplied by ClaroNav, were
prepared immediately prior to surgery
(Fig. 3). In accordance with the
Navident protocol, the axis of the drill
and tip of the pilot drill were
calibrated (Figs. 4 and 5) and verified
before site preparation commenced
(Fig. 6). Using computer-guided
surgery, the pathway of the drill could
be followed clearly on the computer
screen positioned in front of the
patient (Fig. 7). Approximately 1
mm of bone was left intact in the
upper right first molar site ready for

membrane was carefully raised
through manipulation with the
osteotome and a heterogeneous
bovine bone graft material (Bio-Oss,
Geistlich) was introduced into the
implant site (Fig. 15). A 4.5 mm
diameter and 6.6 mm length Ankylos
C/X implant was then placed 1 mm
subcrestally (Figs. 16 and 17). Both
implants had good primary stability
on placement. Ankylos Balance
posterior sulcus formers were fitted,
without the need for additional closure
with sutures (Fig. 18).
Continued on page 12

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10 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

Interview: I truly believe in the
effect of preventative measures
By Monique Mehler, Dental Tribune International

espite being one of the most easily
preventable diseases, dental caries still poses
a major health concern across all age groups
around the world. Very young children especially
are affected for many reasons, which are the focus
of investigation by clinicians such as Prof. Ece Eden.
In 1988, Eden graduated from Ege University in
Izmir in Turkey, where she has been practising
dentistry and conducting research to this day. At the
Department of Pedodontics, Eden lectures and
supervises dental and medical students, in addition
to directing numerous scientific projects and speaking
at international congresses. To learn more about her
motivation, Dental Tribune Online spoke to her
about her work in the field of paediatric dentistry
and the lectures she has given in Buenos Aires.
Prof. Eden, at the World Dental Congress this
week, you gave three lectures. Two of them focused
on controlling and preventing dental caries. Why
did you pick this topic as your main issue of
discussion?
Dental caries is the most highly prevalent disease
of all ages, with symptoms of the process causing
carious lesions. Dentists all around the world are
mostly dealing with consequences of dental caries
rather than treating the disease itself and are educated
more on restorative work as the most important part
of oral rehabilitation. However, as dentists, we need
to understand the aetiology of the disease of dental
caries and we need to use this knowledge to provide
necessary care for our patients for better oral health.
On the other side, today, we are well aware that oral
health is one of the major determinants of wellbeing and overall health. Although the current
scientific evidence has shown the importance of oral
health, we are still dealing with caries as the most
prominent oral disease today. Thus, we, as today's
generation of dentists, should educate our patients
and especially seek to gain patient compliance for
success in our daily routine. This way, our aim to
provide health with functioning and good-looking
dentition for a lifetime can be achieved. With all of
this in mind, I spoke about how we can manage this
challenging caries prevention task in young children
in my first lecture and in different situations in my
second presentation.
Focusing on your first lecture, "Early childhood
caries: Problems of the very young and role of the
family". What are the main risk factors for early
childhood caries?
The condition we call early childhood caries (ECC)
today was formerly known as nursing bottle caries

or nursing caries, ascribing it to inappropriate feeding
practices. However, multiple aetiological factors are
involved in this early-stage disease. In addition to
dietary factors, lack of oral hygiene, lack of fluoride
exposure, and enamel defects are some of the major
factors. The oral health of a caregiver with a high
cariogenic bacterial load causes an early transmission
of cariogenic bacteria, which is important in its
aetiology.
Immigrants and children from socially
disadvantaged and low socio-economic backgrounds,
who tend to have inappropriate feeding practices,
have a higher risk of developing ECC and its severe
form. It is very clear that there are many different
determinants and factors of the elevated risk status
of our children. We need to outline all these factors
in order to develop either individual or public
prevention programmes to address the global caries
problem.
For many years now, you have been working in
and conducting research on paediatric dentistry.
Have you observed any growing trends? For
example, does caries affect more newborns these
days than, say, ten years ago?
Unfortunately, as an active clinician working in
the university's paediatric dentistry clinic in the
third-biggest city of a developing country for more
than 20 years, I have to admit that there is still high
caries prevalence among children. Socio-economic
pressures have forced more mothers to work,
changing the family structure and causing
grandparents or nannies to take over the
responsibility of caring for children at home. These
generations consumed more sugar-added cariogenic
food without any improvements in oral hygiene
practices. Neither grandparents nor mothers are
adequately aware of the importance of oral hygiene
practices right after the eruption of the first tooth.
All these have contributed to the high prevalence
of the disease in children. The difference I have
observed today is that I have younger patients with
severe ECC being treated then I had ten years ago.
In recent years, more children with the severe form
have been brought to clinics at younger ages soon
after the start of the disease for proper care. This
early encounter with the dentist at the onset of the
disease is beneficial for preserving more healthy
tooth tissue and the possibility of controlling the
disease, but treatment is difficult and costly as well
as it is late. This was the primary reason we
conducted the study on pregnant women that I spoke
about in my lecture. I believe our study, which began

Prof. Eden has, among other things, discussed the
topic of caries prevention at the FDI World Dental
Congress 2018. (Photograph: Monique Mehler,
Dental Tribune International

monitoring at pregnancy with three-year follow-up,
is a good example that demonstrates the role of the
family and the importance of education as effective
primary prevention.
Do you think there is more that can be done by
the government, such as a sugar tax or health
labels on sugary drinks, to guide caregivers and
therefore prevent caries? Or do you think that the
main responsibility to educate themselves and their
kids on the causes of caries lies with parents?
I think all parties should work hand in hand to
prevent and control ECC. The outcome of the disease
causes losses for the community, besides affecting
the quality of life of the affected children and their
families. The situation is capable of generating social
and behavioural disorders, and low self-esteem, and
has a financial impact. Targeted strategies should
include various stakeholder groups, such as dental
practitioners and policymakers. A common risk
factor approach for non-communicable diseases to
link caries prevention with hygiene and control of
obesity and diabetes is a good opportunity to seize.
Educating expectant mothers, parents, educators
and healthcare professionals will help to prevent
the disease. Society-based precautions should include
health labelling on potentially cariogenic drinks and
food. Governments may control hazardous products
by taxation and can establish prevention
programmes, starting with social awareness and
education.
What was the take-home message for your
audience?
Risk of carious lesion development should be
carefully monitored by the dentist and the balance
between demineralisation and remineralisation
should be controlled. Educating mothers, who play
a very important role in providing oral hygiene and
proper diet for children, is mandatory. Dentists
should be educated on strategies to modify behaviour
in mothers so that they take action regarding their
children's oral health, and dentists need to help them
to overcome the burden of ECC in the community.
Although there are many barriers in relation to the
Continued on page 14

Observational study determines
risk factors for Noma

OKOTO, NIGERIA - Noma, a rare disease found predominantly in underserved areas,
causes rapid progressive destruction, or gangrene, of the tissue of the face and jaw. Now,
members of international humanitarian medical organisation Médecins Sans Frontières
have analysed 74 cases of noma in north-west Nigeria and pinpointed risk factors for developing
the disease.
Noma mostly affects children under the age of 5 years old, and it is estimated that up to 90 per
cent of noma-affected people die. Those who survive are left with severe facial disfigurements
and multiple health problems, resulting in difficulty eating and breathing, as well as social
isolation. Noma is most prevalent along the "noma belt", stretching from Senegal to Ethiopia,
Continued on page 14

A child with Noma disease cries in the health centre of the
NGO Sentinelles in Zinder, southern Niger. AFP

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CLINICAL IMPLANTOLOGY

12 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

New method could
prevent failure of

dental implants

C

AMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S. - Hydrogen
embrittlement causes sudden, costly failures
of metal components across a wide range of
industries. Researchers from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) have now made a
discovery that could help prevent failure of metal
devices such as dental implants.
"Hydrogen gets into the metal and causes it to
fracture unexpectedly in a process called hydrogen
embrittlement," said lead author Dr. John P. Hanson,
who conducted the research as a PhD student at MIT.
Scientists have studied hydrogen embrittlement for
over 150 years, but it remains difficult to predict.
"That's largely because we don't have a complete
understanding of the mechanisms behind it," explained
Hanson.
In order to analyze the microscopic structure of a
crack in a superalloy of nickel, the researchers
employed two different synchrotron tools, high-energy
diffraction microscopy and X-ray tomography, at the
Argonne National Laboratory's. Advanced Photon
Source, Illinois, U.S.

Dynamic navigation for ...

A new study has offered a way to predict fractures in metal, which could help prevent the
failure of dental implants. (Photograph: Texas A&M University)
Metals are composed of microscopic crystals or grains.
In nickel superalloys, the fractures brought on by
hydrogen embrittlement travel along the boundaries
between those grains. According to Hanson, the unique
tools allowed scientists for the first time to look at
not only the grain orientations around a crack in
progress, but also the grain boundaries. From those
observations, the team identified ten grain boundaries
that are more resistant to cracks.
"We were able to show not only which grain
boundaries are stronger, but exactly what it is about

them that improves their performance," concluded
Hanson. This could ultimately allow engineers to
build stronger metals by designing them with these
characteristics.
The study, titled "Crystallographic character of
grain boundaries resistant to hydrogen-assisted fracture
in Ni-base alloy 725," was published online in Nature
Communications on Aug. 23, 2018. It was conducted
in collaboration with Carnegie Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, and Texas A&M University, College
Station, U.S. -Dental Tribune International

Implant placement in optimum bone
Navident was used to guide the
implant site preparation dynamically,
to ensure implants were placed in the

their alignment made future impression
taking and restoration straightforward.
The ability to watch the drill virtually
on the CBCT scan, as the implant sites
were prepared, allowed the exact point
at which to cease vertical drilling to

be achieved in one visit.
Computer-guided navigation enabled
the implants to be placed reliably and
predictably within optimum bone,
without the need to reflect a flap (Fig.
19). Consequently, the patient

Fig: 13

Fig: 14

Fig: 15

Continued from page 8

Fig: 17

Fig: 21
pre-determined position without the
need for a static drilling guide. This
facilitated placement of the implants
in the optimum amount of bone without
inadvertent damage to the maxillary
sinus membrane. It also ensured that

Fig: 18

Fig: 22

Fig: 16

Fig: 19

Fig: 23

be judged visually.
Assessment, planning and placement
were carried out within 48 hours, due
to the patient's limited ability to attend
for appointments. Using Navident,
there is no reason why this could not

least trauma possible.
The implants were restored four
months after placement, with custommade Dentsply Atlantis titanium
abutments and Lava zirconia crowns
(3M ESPE; Figs. 20-25).

Fig: 20

Fig: 24

experienced no postoperative swelling
or bruising and she reported very little
discomfort after treatment. This
outcome satisfied the primary objective
of aiming for clinical perfection, whilst
ensuring the patient experienced the

Fig: 25
Editorial note: A list of references is
available from the publisher. This
article was published in CAD/CAM 
international magazine of digital
dentistry No. 04/2017.
- Dental Tribune International

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14 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2018

New study links low-level vitamin D,
periodontitis and Type 2 diabetes

T

O R O N T O ,
CANADA - For
multiple reasons,
vitamin D3 is an essential
vitamin. In a new study that
may add to its importance,
researchers from the
University of Toronto have
identified how the vitamin
and periodontitis together
influence Type 2 diabetes.
With the prevalence of
prediabetes and Type 2
diabetes reportedly on the
rise, the study may help
discover the role periodontal
disease plays.
Lead author of the study
Aleksandra Zuk found
increased odds of developing
Type 2 diabetes among
people with periodontal
disease who are also lacking
in vitamin D3.
"We know that vitamin D
is not only helpful for bone
health, but is also shown to
have antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects.

Sufficient vitamin D levels
can potentially decrease
inflammation and affect oral
microbes related to gum
disease," said Zuk, a Ph.D.
candidate in epidemiology at
the Dalla Lana School of
Public Health and a trainee
at the Population Health
A n a l y t i c s L a b o r a t o r y.
According to the study, half
of American adults have
some form of periodontitis
and vitamin D insufficiency.
Zuk hopes that, by better
understanding exposures,
targeted treatment can be
developed as an additional
line of defense against
diabetes. For example, by
changing the vitamin D status
from low to high among
adults with periodontitis
could affect glucose levels in
people living with Type 2
diabetes.
With the role of periodontal
disease still unclear when it
comes to Type 2 diabetes,

38th Intl Dental Show...
Continued from front page

be twofold; addressing the medical
as well as the technical aspects. In
other words, the demands of a dentist
and that of a dental technician are
appreciated in a manner that the
ultimate benefit goes to all the
involved parties. However, often
times the use of a certain technique
is influenced by variables from the
patient's end. For instance, a patient
short on time will opt for simpler
chairside techniques, which the dentist
has to provide. High speed digital
systems with the capability to simplify
and improve chairside procedures are
possible solutions to such issues.
Various specialties are brilliant
candidates for digitalized dentistry.
In orthodontics and prosthodontics,
model scanning, and virtual designing
have a promising scope. Similarly, in
implantology laboratory support in
terms of obtaining drilling templates
and virtual designs can further
simplify the procedure and ameliorate
the aesthetic results, as well as
improve the lifespan of the fixed
prosthetic. In endodontics remotely
motorized instruments with precise
values entered in the system can give
a much more accurate result, with
little chance of failure.
How a treatment pans out is, of
course, the result of treatment

Researchers believe the study might impact further research into periodontal disease
and the role it plays in Type 2 diabetes. (Photograph: zlikovec /Shutterstock)
Zuk believes that exploring
the impact of novel factors
associated with disease risk
is critical to finding some
answers. "Because it's the
first study, we really need to
look at these two exposures
again in other studies and

planning and implementation, which
includes the expertise of the dental
and technical experts, and the ease of
the patient. During these discussions
variables like patient's choice
of material and treatment
option, dentist's opinion on the
most promising material/
treatment/technique, and the
availability of technology with the
dental technician and the feasibility
of its usage must all be considered.
Heibach stated that " The
International Dental Show (ID) from
12 to 16 March 2019, will
comprehensively present the current
development status of materials and
processing methods as well as the
new opportunities of how the dentist
and dental technician can optimally
pass the ball to each other." He
encouraged individuals from the
dental community to attend the event
as a team, promising that there was
ample to learn. He claimed that the
way forward was through knowledge
and acceptance of the progressing
technology, and teamwork.

I truly believe in the effect ...
Continued from page 10

community and culture that end up
with dental caries, educating mothers
is effective in reducing ECC, but we
need to transform the whole
community and integrate oral health

population. It might impact
further diabetes research,"
noted Zuk.
The study, titled "Joint
effects of serum vitamin D
insufficiency and periodontitis
on insulin resistance, prediabetes, and Type 2 diabetes:

into general health for greater success.
Is there anything else you would like
to add?
I truly believe in the effect of
preventative measures, and with the
evidence on caries prevention and
basic understanding of the cariogenic
process, dentists all around the world
should practise caries management
according to the needs of their
patients. Moreover, as dental
professionals, we should raise a
unified voice globally to promote
awareness particularly of the early
prevention of caries and thus oral
health. -Dental Tribune International

Observational Study...
Continued from page 10

but cases have also been reported
elsewhere. The World Health
Organization estimates that 140,000
children contract noma each year.
The research team studied 74
children with noma and 222 controls
matched by village of residence,
current age and sex. The patients were
admitted to the Noma Children's
Hospital in Sokoto between May 2015
and June 2016 and were all under the
age of 15 at the time of onset. Each
participant's parents or caregiver
answered questis about household
socio-demographics, living
conditions, vaccination history,
breastfeeding and other nutrition-

Results from the National
Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey
(NHANES) 2009-2010," was
published in BMJ Open
Diabetes Research and Care
on July 23, 2018. -Dental
Tr i b u n e I n t e r n a t i o n a l

related practices.
While many factors were similar
between cases and controls-including
low vaccination rates-some stood out
as risk factors for noma. Children
who were fed pap, a corn porridge,
every day were at a higher risk of
contracting noma. The researchers
hypothesise that eating pap is a proxy
for overall poor variation in diet.
Children whose mother was their
primary caregiver, whose caregiver
was married, and who were fed
colostrum, the earliest breastmilk after
birth, were less likely to get noma.
"Noma is a neglected disease, and
current risk factors suggest that
intervention efforts could be more
effective by focussing on access to
health care, the benefits of
breastfeeding and a varied diet," said
l e a d - a u t h o r E l i s e F a r l e y,
epidemiologist at Médecins Sans
Frontières, on behalf of her research
team. "However, more research is
needed to better understand the
pathogenesis of this disease in order
to improve prevention, early detection
and treatment."
The study, titled "Risk factors for
diagnosed noma in northwest
Nigeria: A case-control study, 2017",
was published online in the August
2018 issue of PLOS Neglected
Tropical Diseases. -Dental Tribune

International

[15] => Dt pages.FH10

September 2018 Pakistan Edition DENTAL TRIBUNE 15

Dr Arif Alvi Becomes ...
Continued from front page

himself along with all his siblings, and
children are dentists. It is an interesting
fact indeed!
Despite the dedicated interest in
dentistry, his persona decidedly
remained political. Pres. Alvi has had
an extensive career in politics, which
only recently reached its peak. Alvi
started off in the field some five decades
ago; as the President of student union
at de'Montmorency College of
Dentistry, an affiliate of University of
Punjab in Lahore, he was an active
member of the students' wing of Jamaati-Islami. During the military regime of
Gen Ayub Khan, Alvi, then a student,
played a notable role by standing up for
democracy in the country by taking part
in various student rallies. An interesting
fact about Alvi from those days is that
he was shot during one of the
demonstrations at The Mall, in Lahore;
and to date he carries the bullet
embedded in his right arm, as an insignia
of pride on contributing to the struggle
for democracy in Pakistan. He was the
Jamaat-e-Islami candidate for Provincial
Assembly in Karachi in 1979. However,
the elections were not held. In his
younger days, Alvi also engaged in
playing sports, like squash, cricket, and
hockey.
His fervour for politics was boundless,
yet he remained loyal to his profession
of dentistry. He chaired the 1st Pakistan
International Dental Conference in the
year 1981. In 1987, he again chaired
the 3rd Pakistan International Dental
Conference, which was inaugurated by
PM Junejo. Dr Alvi served as the Editor
in Chief for the Journal of Pakistan
Dental Association from 1985 to 1988,
and was elected as the President of
Pakistan and Dental Association in
1997, where he served for over 4 years.
Currently, he is the Dean of the Faculty
of Orthodontics of the College of
Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan.
His benefitting work in dentistry went
beyond the border, and established his
name and label on the international
horizon. Based on his exceptional feats
in academic and clinical fields, Dr Alvi
was awarded Fellowships of The Pierre
Fauchard Academy, International
College of Dentists, The American
College of Dentists, and International
College of Continuing Dental
Education. He was elected as the
President of Asia Pacific Dental
Federation, in the year 2006. The same
year, he was the chairman at the Asia
Pacific Dental Congress. Dr Alvi did
his country proud by forming the first
ever Pakistani representation at the
Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI)
forum; after being elected by 103
countries, he served on the FDI council
from 2007-2010.
A dentist by profession, one of the
co-founders of PTI, and a co-author of
PTI's constitution, Dr Arif Alvi
contested in General Elections Pakistan
for Sindh Assembly seats, in 1997, but
remained unsuccessful. The 2002
Elections did not reap much for him

either, but he remained on the journey,
refusing to label mere stumbles as
failures. Being a resolute and committed
PTI member, he steadily ascended
within the party. From being on the
party's executive council in 1996, he
became the party's President in Sindh,
in 1997. In 2001, he was promoted to
the post of PTI's Vice President,
following which he was designated the
position of party's secretary general in
2006, to which he remained dedicated
to until 2013.
By the time of General Elections
2013, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI)
had established itself as a renowned
political party dedicated to make the
much desired flip; to bring about the
change that would free the society from
a corrupt, oppressive system. That year,
PTI could not win the mandate, but
several PTI leaders made the cut to
General and Provincial Assemblies.
Among these was Dr Alvi who won
from the NA-250 constituency of
Karachi.
During his term, Alvi made it his
purpose to make improvements in
education, and the living standards of
his people. He targeted many schools,
hospitals, and other civil structures. The
highlights include dental education and
health awareness programmes,
renovation of several educational
institutions, improving security
conditions, alleviating poverty, ration
distribution among the less privileged.
Correction of civil administration was
his area of focus wherein he undertook
the issues of security, water supply and
conservation, tanker Mafia, street/traffic
Lights, encroachments, garbage
disposal, playgrounds, schools etc.
Being a healthcare provider, and a
public's man, welfare remained his
strong suit. Dr Alvi is involved in several
philanthropic movements. His
contributions to this cause include the
trusteeship of Safiya Azimuddin
Charitable Trust and ShirinBai Jinnah
Charitable Trust, of ShirinBai Jinnah
Charitable Trust and of ShirinBai Jinnah
Charitable Trust which was established
by Shirinbai Jinnah (Quaid-e-Azam's
siter) to which she gifted all her material
possessions, including the Mohatta
Palace in Karachi. Dr Alvi is also
involved in the running of Alvia Trust.
In the general election of July 25
2018, Dr Arif Alvi won a National
Assembly seat, after over 91,000 people
who stood for change voted for him.
The presidential elections were held on
September 5th 2018, in which Dr Arif
Alvi defeated Pakistan Peoples Party
Parliamentarian's candidate Aitzaz
Ahsan, and Pakistan Muslim LeagueN's nominee Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman,
to assume the position of the 13th
President of Islamic Republic of
Pakistan.
Pres. Dr Arif Alvi is happily married
to Samina Alvi. Together, they have
four children, all of which are married,
and settled with their families. Dr Alvi
is deeply attached his grandchildren,
tremendously enjoys their company. He
considers them as one of the greatest

joys and pleasures of his life. Dr Alvi
is involved in the running of two major
dental clinics, both of which are located
in Karachi.

FDI WDC 2018

Continued from front page

representative of PDA, Pakistan.
Dental Tribune, the Media Partner of
FDI set up its booth at the event, where
its publications were showcased. The
DN stall had several distinguished
visitors on all four days. Many Pakistani
faces were also seen in attendance, at
the congress.
Prior to and during the main congress,
several meetings of the FDI delegates
were held including the FDI Open Fora,
FDI Membership Liaison and Support
Committee (MLSC) meeting, meetings
of the various Regional Dental
Federations including the Asia Pacific
Dental Federations (APDF / APDC,
meeting of the Women Dentists
Worldwide Forum (WDWF), meeting
of the World Oral Health Day (WOHD)
Launch. Two General Assemblies of
the FDI were held to take key decisions
on various issues and guidelines
governing and influencing the science,
education and practice related to dental
healthcare services.
The General Assembly (GA) is the
FDI's supreme legislative and governing
body. Notable outcomes of the
proceedings in Buenos Aires also
included the welcoming of new FDI
member associations. The FDI Council
leads the FDI in line with its vision
mission; it is comprised of the FDI
President, President-elect, Treasurer,
and 10 Councillors. In this year's
congress, the GA adopted 10 policy
statements:
1.(Deep) dentine caries and restorative
care
2.Continuing dental medical education
in dentistry
3.Dental amalgam phase down
4.Dentistry and oral health related apps
5.Dentistry and sleep-related breathing
disorders
6.Global periodontal health
7.Nanoparticles in dental practice
8.Providing basic oral healthcare for
displaced persons
9.National health policy with the
inclusion of oral health
10. Promoting oral health through
fluoride toothpaste
The new and revised policy
statements will be soon available for
consultation through the FDI website.
It is to note that the FDI policy
statements, which detail FDI's position
on issues of interest within the oral
health community, are put together
through consultation, discussion and
consensus among leading dental experts
from around the world. A key
publication that was launched during
the Congress was the Second edition
of the Dental Ethics Manual with its
full version available on the FDI
website.
DAY 1- Among the many speakers to
speak were Prof. Papa Ibrahima Ngom
from Senegal who discussed the

'Orthodontic Management of a Missing
Tooth in Developing Countries'; Dr
Paulo Kano from Brazil who talked
about 'Aesthetic Dentistry, and Use of
CAD/CAM'; Prof Ece Eden from
Turkey lectures on 'Early Childhood
Caries: Problems of the very Young
and Role of the Family'. The subjects
that were touched during the Hot Topic
Session were 'Future of Dental
Materials, Minamata and the Impact on
Dental,' 'New Material & New
Challenges in Reconstructive Dentistry',
and 'Bioactive Dental Materials'.
Two Meet the Expert sessions were
held by Dr Daniel Paesani from
Argentina and Dr U?ur Ergin from
Turkey, respectively. The topics were
'All You Want to Know about Bruxism'
and 'Update on Cement'.
DAY 2- The two Meet the Expert
sessions were directed by Dr Lars
Christensen and Prof. Marco Ferrari,
their subjects being 'Are we Ready to
Go Digital in Orthodontics?', and
'Adhesive Dentistry', respectively.
An important highlight of the day was
the session held by Women Dentists
Worldwide Forum. It covered subjects
like 'Breastfeeding and laser in
Odontopediatry', 'Dental Care and Oral
Health for Achieving Healthy Longevity
in An Aging Society', 'Tooth Bleaching
and Its Undesirable Effects', 'Treatment
Care of 21st Century with Implants',
and 'The Usefulness of Plasma Rich
Fibrin (i-PRF) in the Treatment of TMD
Painful Conditions'.
DAY 3- The Ninth Annual Alliance for
a Cavity-Free Future Global Summit
was also held on the third day, where
in subjects like 'Catalyzing Change in
Education, Policy and Practice',
'Towards Paying for Health in Dentistry:
Policy Lab Update-The Next Steps',
and 'Towards Paying for Health in
Dentistry: Policy Lab Update-The
Process This Year', were addressed.
F I N A L D A Y- S y m p o s i u m
'Contemporary Treatment of Caries
Lesions' was held on the fourth day of
the conference, where Prof. Jo Frencken
from Netherlands, Prof. Soraya Coelho
Leal from Brazil, Dr Edward Lo from
China, and Dr Nicola Innes from UK
spoke on the subjects of caries detection
methods, caries preventative measures,
carious tissue removal techniques, and
treatments for carious lesions,
respectively.
After congress hours, WDC attendees
were offered a rich cultural
entertainment program, starting with
the engaging and welcoming opening
ceremony. At Buenos Aires Night,
participants experienced the delights of
Argentine beef, so essential to
traditional cuisine, regional wine and
the sensual tango. On the last evening
of the congress, a glamorous gala dinner
was hosted at the architecturally
beautiful Palacio San Miguel.
The 2019 WDC will take place from 5
to 8 September at the Moscone
Convention Center in San Francisco,
U.S. The American Dental Association,
which will host the event in cooperation
with FDI.

[16] => Dt pages.FH10

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[cover] => DT Pakistan No. 5, 2018

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Table of contents

[toc_titles] =>

News / Clinical Implantology / Interview: "I truly believe in the effect of preventative measures"

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