3D printing international No. 2, 2024

Cover / Editorial / Content / 3D printing has an expanding role in implantology / “Try to make a 3D-printed shell complete denture for a complete arch reconstruction” An interview with Dr Francisco X. Azpiazu-Flores / Current and future regenerative possibilities: A review of 3D bioprinting applications / Connected dentistry—entering the new era of precision, collaboration and patient-centred care / Current status of and future trends in dental 3D-printing workows: New solutions to digital challenges / 3D technology is the future, and we need to dive in today - New materials and technologies are building a dental laboratory / Asiga’s open operating environment is advancing additive manufacturing - The experience of a practice laboratory / 3D-printed provisional restorations for complex prosthetic rehabilitation - Full-mouth restoration of a severe case of erosion / 3D printing of an inlay and overlay using SprintRay’s Ceramic Crown resin: A case report / 3D-printed 28-tooth complete dentures: A modern approach to dental solutions / Transforming dentistry: Your journey with the Dental AI Association / Dental resins in 3D printing—selecting what you need / Buyer’s guide / Asiga continues to lead the industry with world-class bio-resins / Introducing the HeyGears UltraCraft A3D: Revolutionising automation for dental laboratories / Formlabs’ Form 4B: Redefining dental 3D printing with blazing speed and unmatched accuracy / Imagoworks unveils AI-powered automatic design update for Dentbird Crown’s bridge and inlay / Meetings / Submission guidelines / Imprint

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issn 2193-4673 • Vol. 4 • Issue 2/2024

2/24

3D printing
international magazine of dental 3D-printing technology

opinion

3D technology is the future,
and we need to dive in today

case report

3D-printed provisional restorations
for complex prosthetic rehabilitation

buyer’s guide

Dental resins in 3D printing—
selecting what you need

[2] =>

Materials
that matter

Meet us at
IDS 2025
detax.com

[3] =>

editorial

Dr George Freedman
Editor-in-chief

3D printing: Embracing innovation
The rapid acceptance of the digital transformation of
dentistry is a wonderful example of science driving technology and art. The digital workflow model has captured
the dental office protocol. The clinical practice landscape
is being reconfigured and transformed, to the great advantage of both patients and dentists. While 3D printing
is still in its early stages, just beginning to propel a massive paradigm shift in dentistry, there are other innovative
technologies that will be concurrently shaping the dental
profession, hopefully for the better.
The increasing use of 3D printing is truly a ubiquitous
worldwide phenomenon. The revolution that was forecast to take decades is now expected to develop over a
matter of years—or perhaps months. The driving forces
are simple:
1. Economics: 3D printers and 3D-printing materials
cost a fraction of similar milling or traditional laboratory procedures.
2. Convenience: same-day and same-appointment
restorative and prosthetic procedures are far more
attractive to both patients and dentists.
3. Information: the internet and dedicated organisations
such as the International Academy for Dental 3D Printing
(www.iad3dp.org) can educate, inform and train
professionals around the globe far more rapidly and
effectively than ever before.
As 3D printing is maturing in the dental sphere,
further technological advancements are beginning
to compete for attention. These innovations are
foundational, and they promise to challenge the profession even further. First and foremost is artificial
intelligence (AI).

It has long been accepted that experience is crucial to
diagnostic ability, which in turn is the basis for the decisionmaking that guides treatment. Individuals with longer experience, or those with enhanced analytical competence, are
more likely to pinpoint the relevant issues and thereby focus
the therapy for maximum benefit and minimal intervention.
AI assembles massive numbers of records around a particular condition, technology, treatment or procedure. The
information, coming from many sources, is often seemingly
unrelated. Fortunately, the sheer volume of data often begins to create a pattern, establishing relationships that may
or may not be readily visible to an individual practitioner
looking at a far more limited number of personal cases.
While the AI correlations may be causal or not, they offer
a far more comprehensive database upon which the
scientist and the clinician can conduct systematic analyses
to determine causes, cures and optimal therapeutic options.
There are some caveats to the use of AI in dentistry:
where the database is physically located, who has access
to it and to what purposes it is being employed.
There is an organisation, the Dental AI Association, that is
beginning to promote the objectives of and standards for
the use of AI in dentistry (the association’s mission statement appears later in this issue), and we urge those who
are participating extensively in 3D printing to become aware
of the power of AI in clinical applications. 3D printing and AI
are likely to be in the helm of the digital dental revolution for
some time to come, and it is essential that the efforts in both
fields be integrated to enhance progress in digital dentistry.
Dr George Freedman
Editor-in-chief

3D printing
2 2024

[4] =>

| content
editorial
3D printing: Embracing innovation

03

news

page 16

3D printing has an expanding role in implantology
06
“Try to make a 3D-printed shell complete denture 				
for a complete arch reconstruction”
08
Current and future regenerative possibilities: 					
A review of 3D bioprinting applications
10
Connected dentistry—entering the new era of precision, 			
collaboration and patient-centred care
12

trends & applications
Current status of and future trends in dental 3D-printing workflows:
New solutions to digital challenges

16

opinion
page 24

3D technology is the future, and we need to dive in today
Asiga’s open operating environment is advancing additive manufacturing

20
22

case report
3D-printed provisional restorations for complex prosthetic rehabilitation 24
3D printing of an inlay and overlay
				
using SprintRay’s Ceramic Crown resin: A case report
30

user report
3D-printed 28-tooth complete dentures: A modern approach to dental solutions 34
page 62

feature
Transforming dentistry: Your journey with the Dental AI Association

36

buyer’s guide
Dental resins in 3D printing—selecting what you need

38

industry news

Cover image courtesy of
Vasyl Rohan/Shutterstock.com
issn 2193-4673 • Vol. 4 • Issue 2/2024

2/24

3D printing
international magazine of dental 3D-printing technology

Asiga continues to lead the industry with world-class bio-resins
54
Introducing the HeyGears UltraCraft A3D: 				
Revolutionising automation for dental laboratories
56
Formlabs’ Form 4B: Redefining dental 3D printing 			
with blazing speed and unmatched accuracy 		
58
Imagoworks unveils AI-powered automatic design update 			
for Dentbird Crown’s bridge and inlay
60

meetings
Formnext to showcase technological innovations in additive manufacturing 62
International events		
64

about the publisher

opinion

3D technology is the future,
and we need to dive in today

submission guidelines
international imprint

case report

3D-printed provisional restorations
for complex prosthetic rehabilitation

buyer’s guide

Dental resins in 3D printing—
selecting what you need

04 3D printing
2 2024

65
66

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| news

3D printing has an expanding role
in implantology
Anisha Hall Hoppe, Dental Tribune International

GBR is crucial in ensuring the success of dental implants, particularly in patients who have lost significant
amounts of bone owing to trauma, disease or atrophy after tooth extraction. 3D-printed technologies
work well towards achieving the goal of GBR. These
technologies allow for the creation of highly customised solutions, such as titanium meshes, resorbable
and non-resorbable membranes, synthetic bone grafts
and implants. Customised 3D-printed products can
be tailored to the patient’s specific anatomical needs,
enhancing the precision of location and improving clinical
outcomes.
In the review, the authors discuss how 3D printing has
transformed the approach to GBR. The 3D-printing
process typically involves three steps: image acquisition, data post-processing and the actual 3D printing. During image acquisition, patient-specific data is
collected through methods such as intra-oral scans
and CBCT or CT scans. These digital images are
then processed using CAD/CAM software, allowing
for the creation of customised meshes, membranes,
bone grafts and implants, unique to the patient’s bone
defect.
The 3D-printing technology used for these products
employs various methods, including stereolithography
and selective laser sintering, methods that also ensure
dramatic waste reduction during appliance development.
In terms of material, titanium is widely used in GBR owing
to its biocompatibility, mechanical strength and resistance
to corrosion.
Though clinicians conventionally make use of either
resorbable collagen or non-resorbable membranes in
surgery, customised 3D-printed membranes are proving
an equal or an even better solution due to the science
of mixing polymers to achieve desired mechanical

06 3D printing
2 2024

properties and enabling clinicians to even control biodegradation. The ratio of the polymers used allows clinicians to meld the benefits of resorbable and non-resorbable
membranes into one surgical material that holds the
properties of collagen such as biocompatibility, biodegradation and tissue integration with the capacity
to maintain space, provide mechanical stability and longevity of non-resorbable membranes. These membranes
can be designed with varying pore sizes, and with the
inclusion of growth factors and other necessary drugs
within the material itself.
It is also possible to produce 3D-printed synthetic bone
grafts, often made from materials such as hydrox yapatite
or beta-tricalcium phosphate, which serve as scaffolds for
osteogenesis. These materials are designed to promote
bone regeneration and can be combined with natural
bone grafts to optimise outcomes.
Clinical studies reviewed in the paper show promising
results for 3D-printed GBR materials, particularly in terms
of bone regeneration and implant success. 3D-printed
titanium meshes have demonstrated effectiveness in
vertical and horizontal bone regeneration, and 3D-printed
polymeric membranes show potential in combining the
advantages of conventional resorbable and non-resorbable
membranes.
However, while early results are encouraging, the authors
recommended more clinical trials involving human
participants. Most available data comes from animal
studies and in vitro research, and more human studies
are required to assess the long-term success of these
technologies, particularly regarding peri-implant bone
volume after implant loading. Furthermore, at the present
time, the use of 3D printing in GBR presents a significant
cost factor, both financially and regarding the amount of
time required for training, reducing access to these novel
treatments.

Editorial note: The study, titled “Customized 3D-printed
mesh, membrane, bone substitute, and dental implant
applied to guided bone regeneration in oral implantology:
A narrative review”, was published online on 25 September 2024 in Dentistry Journal.

With a specific focus on guided bone regeneration (GBR), the authors of a new review provide a useful look into the myriad benefits and clinical efficacy of
3D-printed meshes, membranes, synthetic bone grafts
and implants. Covering materials, indications and possible challenges for each, the reviewers also note how
cutting-edge 3D-printed solutions help improve surgical
outcomes and patient satisfaction.

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dental

[8] =>

| news

“Try to make a 3D-printed shell
complete denture for a complete
arch reconstruction”
An interview with Dr Francisco X. Azpiazu-Flores
Anisha Hall Hoppe, Dental Tribune International

Dr Azpiazu-Flores, what are 3D-printed shell complete
dentures?
The 3D-printed shell complete denture is a diagnostic
appliance. Its main purpose is to define the position of
the future artificial teeth at the desired vertical dimension
in centric relation, all indispensable elements for a successful full-mouth restoration with dental implants. The
anterior tooth position is defined with the shell complete
denture, and the incisal edge position can be modified
digitally in the 3D-modelling software during the design
stage by using intra-oral and extra-oral photographs
as a reference, or if needed, it can be adjusted chairside
using dental composite to achieve the aesthetic outcome
the patient wants. After defining these parameters and
validating them intra-orally, patient satisfaction should be
optimal.

Dr Francisco X. Azpiazu Flores.

A new case series has documented the testing and
use of 3D-printed shell complete dentures as a diagnostic tool in implant planning and provisional restoration fabrication to expedite full-arch restoration.
Dental Tribune International spoke with lead researcher
Dr Francisco X. Azpiazu-Flores of the Department of
Prosthodontics of the Indiana University School of Dentistry in Indianapolis in the US about how the research
highlights the potential of this approach to simplify and
streamline the process and to save clinical and laboratory time, offering enhanced aesthetic outcomes and
functional results.

08 3D printing
2 2024

Can you elaborate on the accuracy of 3D-printed
shell dentures in replicating aesthetic and functional features such as incisal edge position, midline
alignment and occlusal plane orientation?
The shell complete denture can preserve the aesthetics
of the patient’s existing prosthesis if these are adequate, and if changes to the artificial teeth are required
for either functional or aesthetic purposes, they can be
modified digitally or chairside. The incisal edge position,
midline and occlusal plane orientation can be adjusted
by adding or removing material as needed to this diagnostic appliance. Since this appliance is only meant
to help visualise and define the desired prosthetic
contours, the clinician can adjust extensively without
concerns about the adjustments affecting its long-term
durability.
What challenges have you encountered with the digital workflow when creating 3D-printed shell dentures
for full-arch restoration? Are there specific cosmetic
considerations or adjustments that are more difficult
to manage compared with traditional methods?
A possible limitation of the shell complete denture
is that, if it is made from a complete denture with

[9] =>

news

3D printing has opened up endless possibilities for dramatically improving current dental restoration processes.

unstable posterior occlusion or deficient anterior
tooth relationships and the clinician is not able to identify and adjust this digitally or chairside, these unfavourable elements can transfer to the shell complete
denture and subsequently to the planning of the
dental implants, leading to imprecise implant planning
and placement. Additionally, learning how to use the
modelling computer program requires time. However,
most dentists nowadays are very familiar with using
such software, so the learning time shouldn’t be too
great.
How do 3D-printed shell complete dentures affect
facial and lip support compared with the conventional method? Are there specific techniques you use
to ensure optimal aesthetic outcomes for soft-tissue
support?
Facial and lip support are important parameters
whenever rehabilitating edentulous patients. Traditionally,
flangeless complete dentures or artificial tooth arrangements are used to evaluate these parameters. With the
3D-printed shell complete denture, once the artificial
tooth position has been defined and validated intra-orally,
a 3D-printed flangeless appliance can be created using
the contours of the artificial teeth of the shell complete
denture. This requires an additional appointment; however, it is a required step for full-arch restoration of the
maxilla.

“The shell complete denture
can preserve the aesthetics
of the patient’s existing
prosthesis [...].”
Is there anything else you would like our readers to
know about this case series or any other research
you are working on?
I would like to encourage them to try to make a 3D-printed
shell complete denture for their next full-arch restoration
with dental implants! It is a straightforward method that
will make their work easier. Also, I encourage them to
expand the applications of this technique by customising
the design of the appliance to fit their clinical scenario!
Currently, I’m working on other protocols to accelerate restoration with multiple or single implants. If readers are interested in
checking them out, they can refer to my ResearchGate profile.
Editorial note: The study, titled “3D-printed shell complete
dentures as a diagnostic aid for implant planning and fabricating interim restorations for complete arch rehabilitations:
A case series”, was published online on 22 July 2024 in the
Journal of Prosthodontics, ahead of inclusion in an issue.

3D printing
2 2024

[10] =>

| news

Though it has had a slow start in dentistry, 3D bioprinting opens up a world of potential treatment options for dental patients.

Current and future regenerative
possibilities: A review of
3D bioprinting applications
Anisha Hall Hoppe, Dental Tribune International
While the majority of dental clinicians are already familiar
with the capabilities of 3D printing for producing models, appliances, surgical guides and more, the uses of bioprinting
may be less familiar. A team with the Datta Meghe Institute
of Higher Education and Research in India has published
a review of the promising applications of bioprinting within
dentistry, outlining the power of being able to create human
tissue through cell deposition for enhanced reconstructive
and regenerative treatment.
3D bioprinting is an advanced technique that integrates additive manufacturing with bioinks—composed of living cells
and biomaterials—to create customised tissue constructs.
These constructs are crucial for regenerating damaged
tissue and restoring various maxillofacial abnormalities. The
authors explore how this technology has gained increasing
interest owing to its ability to precisely control the deposition
of cells and materials, offering new possibilities in dentistry
and beyond.
Key components of 3D bioprinting include bioinks and
scaffolds. Bioinks mimic the extracellular environment, and
scaffolds provide the structural framework necessary for
cell growth and tissue formation. Because 3D bioprinting
creates scaffolds with uniform cell dispersion, the use of
3D-bioprinted materials allows for customisation to the
desired dimensions and configuration of specific tissues.
The process of 3D bioprinting involves three major stages:
pre-printing, printing and post-printing. Pre-printing includes
the design of the tissue model using CAD software, the printing stage involves creating the construct using a bioprinter

10 3D printing
2 2024

and the post-printing stage focuses on the maturation,
implantation and testing of the bioprinted tissue.
The review covers various bioprinting techniques, including
inkjet-based, extrusion-based and laser-assisted, each offering
different approaches to achieving precise tissue constructs. For
instance, inkjet-based bioprinting uses ink droplets to localise
cells accurately, whereas extrusion-based bioprinting utilises
a continuous flow of bioink for larger constructs. Laser-assisted
bioprinting offers high cell viability by using non-contact methods
to print moderately viscous biological materials.
When it comes to dentistry, some of the broader applications
of 3D bioprinting include drug delivery systems, root coverage,
socket preservation and maxillofacial prosthodontics. However, the list of potential applications is virtually endless, as
the technology also shows promise in areas like periodontal
repair and dental pulp regeneration. Furthermore, the advent
of 4D bioprinting introduces smart scaffolds that can respond
to stimuli, potentially revolutionising tissue engineering.
Although progress in the application of 3D bioprinting, particularly in dentistry, has been slow, the potential for personalising
treatments through architectural control and material versatility
offers great promise for future developments. 3D bioprinting
may even surpass conventional fabrication methods.
Editorial note: The study, titled “Three-dimensional bioprinting
as a tool for tissue engineering: A review”, was published
online on 11 September 2024 in Journal of Pharmacy and
Bioallied Sciences, ahead of inclusion in an issue.

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| news

1
Fig. 1: Technological advances such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence and teledentistry are contributing significantly to improved collaboration, efficiency and patient-centred care.

Connected dentistry—
entering the new era of precision,
collaboration and patient-centred care
Max Milz & Dr Rainer Seemann, Germany
For over a century, the field of dentistry has evolved,
driven by innovations that have reshaped how dentists
care for patients. We believe we are now witnessing the
dawn of a third era of modern dentistry: the era of connected dentistry, in which technology, collaboration and
patient-centred care converge like never before. This new
chapter holds significant promise, not just for the technical capabilities it introduces but for the profound impact
it will have on how dentistry is practised and how patients
experience care.

The foundation:
Modern dentistry’s pioneering spirit
To fully appreciate where we are headed, we must first look
back to where we have been. The late nineteenth century
marked the birth of modern dentistry. With the establishment
of the first university dental faculties, dentistry began to take
shape, grounded in scientific principles that would guide
generations of practitioners.1
The introduction of technologies such as the electric handpiece and analogue radiography revolutionised the field by
enabling dentists to work with unprecedented precision,
providing care that was faster, more accurate and less painful
for patients. The development of integrated dental chair units
further streamlined dental procedures, making it possible for
practitioners to deliver care more efficiently.2

12 3D printing
2 2024

However, it was not just the tools that transformed dentistry;
it was the spirit of innovation. Dentists embraced these
new technologies, understanding that to provide the best
care, they needed to stay at the forefront of advancements.
The successful adoption of these innovations required a
willingness to invest in education, training and state-of-the-art
equipment. This pioneering spirit laid the groundwork for the
next wave of dental advancements.

Digital dentistry,
a leap towards precision and efficiency
The year 1985 ushered in the digital age of dentistry with
the advent of CEREC, initiating an era that would forever
change the landscape of the profession. The shift from analogue to digital technology was not just a technical upgrade;
it was a leap forwards in dentists’ ability to deliver care with
precision and efficiency.3, 4
With CEREC, dentists could create and place ceramic restorations in a single visit for the first time. This was revolutionary:
patients who once had to endure multiple appointments and
temporary restorations could now leave the office with a permanent
solution in just one visit. Laboratories also benefited, as digital
impressions led to more accurate and consistent restorations.
The introduction of digital radiography in the mid-1990s
further enhanced the diagnostic capabilities of dentists.

[13] =>

[14] =>

3
Fig. 2: The three eras of modern dentistry. Fig. 3: Primescan 2 is the first cloud-native intra-oral scanning solution. (All images: © Dentsply Sirona)

The ability to capture and analyse images quickly and
with reduced radiation exposure allowed for better, faster
diagnosis. Laboratories, now working with digital data, could
produce restorations and appliances with greater accuracy
and speed, leading to improved patient outcomes.

to focus on patient care. Laboratories benefit from the realtime collaboration with dental practices that cloud-based
systems enable. Digital impressions, 3D models and treatment plans can be shared and refined instantly, leading to
faster turnaround times and greater precision in outcomes.

The era of digital dentistry also saw the rise of CBCT and
3D printing. CBCT provided detailed 3D images essential for
implant planning and complex procedures, and 3D printing
enabled the rapid production of custom dental appliances
and surgical guides. Clear aligners emerged as a gamechanging innovation in orthodontics, offering patients a more
discreet and comfortable alternative to fixed appliances.

The COVID-19 pandemic advanced the need for connected
dentistry. As dental visits became challenging owing to
lockdowns and social distancing measures, the demand for
remote dental consultations surged. This not only ensured
continuity of care but also highlighted the convenience
and accessibility of teledentistry. Patients could receive professional advice, follow-up care and even some diagnostic
services from the comfort of their homes. Now, as we have
moved beyond the pandemic, the trend of dentistry from
anywhere has continued to gain momentum. Advances in
technology, such as AI-driven diagnostic tools and improved
telecommunication infrastructure, are poised to further
enhance the scope and efficiency of teledentistry. This
evolution promises to make dental care more accessible,
especially for those in remote or underserved areas, and
could redefine the future of dental practice.5, 6

For dentists and laboratories, the key to thriving in this
digital revolution was embracing these new technologies and
reimagining how care could be delivered. Those who invested
in digital tools and nurtured collaborative relationships with
laboratories were able to elevate their quality of care as well
as the growth and efficiency of their practices.

Connected dentistry, a future of
collaboration and personalised care
Now, as we stand on the brink of the third era of dentistry—
connected dentistry—the possibilities before us are extraordinary. This era is defined by the convergence of cloud
computing, artificial intelligence (AI), dental-dedicated MRI (ddMRI)
and advanced materials, all working together to create a
connected, efficient and patient-centred practice.

Perhaps the most exciting development on the horizon is
ddMRI, a technology poised to revolutionise diagnostic imaging
in dentistry. Unlike traditional imaging methods that rely on
ionising radiation, ddMRI can provide detailed images of soft
tissue without such radiation exposure. For dentists, this can
enable new possibilities for diagnosing conditions that were
previously difficult to detect, particularly in the early stages,
pushing the boundaries of what is possible in dental care.7

Cloud technology is at the heart of this transformation.
It goes beyond simple data storage to create a fully integrated
ecosystem where devices, software and practitioners are
seamlessly connected. Cloud-driven devices automatically
update to the latest software versions, ensuring that dentists
are always working with the most advanced tools available.
This eliminates the need for costly, time-consuming manual
updates and reduces dependence on specific, dedicated
hardware. For example, Dentsply Sirona recently brought the
first cloud-native intra-oral scanner to market: Primescan 2.

AI is set to play a transformative role in connected dentistry.
AI tools are not here to replace the dentist’s expertise
but to enhance it. That is why we prefer to call it “assisted
intelligence” rather than “artificial intelligence”. By analysing vast amounts of data, AI can help predict outcomes,
identify potential issues early and optimise treatment plans.
For laboratories, AI-driven design and fabrication processes
promise fewer errors, reduced waste and the ability to produce
complex restorations with exceptional precision.8, 9

For dentists, cloud-based systems simplify the complexities
of modern practice management. Having all patient data,
diagnostic images and treatment plans accessible from
anywhere, at any time, on any device means more efficient
workflows, fewer administrative headaches and more time

The materials dental professionals use are also evolving; advances
in zirconia, resin composite and glass-ceramic offering better
durability, aesthetics and biocompatibility. When combined with
digital workflows, these materials allow for highly personalised
restorations that meet the individual needs of each patient.4

14 3D printing
2 2024

[15] =>

news

Embracing the future: What is needed for success?

about

As we embrace the era of connected dentistry, success will
hinge on our willingness to adapt and evolve. For dentists, this
means investing in technologies that enhance the quality and
efficiency of care. It also means staying committed to lifelong
learning, as the rapid pace of technological advancement will
require continuous education and adaptation.

Max Milz is group vice president for
connected technology solutions at
Dentsply Sirona. He joined the company in
January 2021 to lead its clinical software and
services business and to drive the transition
to a new cloud platform. He is responsible
for the company’s equipment, software and
cloud platform businesses globally, including
imaging, CAD/CAM and dental chair units.
Previously, he was at Siemens for 12 years, working across the company’s
businesses with a focus on strategy and digital transformation,
particularly in the healthcare and digital automation businesses.

For laboratories, the key to thriving in this new era will be
leveraging the power of cloud computing to foster closer
collaboration with dental practices. By integrating advanced AI
and digital tools into their workflows, laboratories can provide
solutions that offer greater precision and customisation, setting
themselves apart in an increasingly competitive market.
Ultimately, the dawn of connected dentistry represents a profound shift towards a more integrated, patient-centred approach
to dental care. It is a future where technology serves not just
as a tool but as a bridge, connecting dentists, laboratories and
patients in ways that were once unimaginable. Let us embrace
the pioneering spirit that has driven dentistry forwards for centuries
and shape the new era of connected dentistry together.
Editorial note: Please scan this QR code for the list
of references.

Dr Rainer Seemann is vice president for global
clinical research at Dentsply Sirona. Furthermore,
he is a professor in the department of operative,
preventive and paediatric dentistry at the
University of Bern in Switzerland. He worked in
several positions at the dental school and clinic
of Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin in Germany
before he joined Dentsply in 2006.
From 2014 to 2015, he worked as senior business
development manager in Hong Kong. Dr Seemann studied dentistry in Berlin,
obtained his PhD in 2005 and holds an MBA in healthcare management.
AD

Messe Frankfurt Group

19 – 22.11.2024
FRANKFURT / GERMANY

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3D printing
2 2024

[16] =>

| trends & applications

Current status of and future trends
in dental 3D-printing workflows:
New solutions to digital challenges
Dr Elisa Praderi, Germany
This shift from traditional methods to digital workflows
has not only revolutionised the way dental professionals
approach patient care but also opened up a world of possibilities for improved treatment outcomes and enhanced
patient experiences.

1
Fig. 1: Medit Link with artificial intelligence options for design.

Introduction
In recent years, the field of dentistry has undergone a
profound transformation with the widespread adoption of
digital technologies, particularly in the realm of 3D printing.
Fig. 2: Models produced with the Formlabs Automation Ecosystem.

16
2

The integration of 3D-printing technology into dental
practices and laboratories has ushered in a new era of
innovation, offering solutions to longstanding challenges
and streamlining workflows in unprecedented ways. CAD,
printing preparation, post-processing, material selection
—every aspect of the dental 3D-printing process
has been enhanced by advancements in technology.
Nevertheless, there is still room for further innovation and
improvements.
In this article, we will explore four major trends driving progress in the field of dental 3D printing. By embracing these
advancements and leveraging the power of technology,
dental professionals can enhance efficiency, precision and,
ultimately, the quality of care they provide to patients.

[17] =>

trends & applications

AI and integrations: Drivers of efficiency
from CAD to 3D printing
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly popular in the dental field, particularly in diagnostics, but AI
is also having a great impact on design. By being integrated with CAD software, it is revolutionising the design
process by providing intelligent assistance to dental professionals. AI algorithms assist in intricate part design,
significantly reducing the time invested in this step of the
workflow. As examples, Medit Link and 3Shape employ
AI to streamline the CAD process for several applications,
offering automated suggestions to enhance the final
design’s quality.
Moreover, integrations from CAD to 3D-printing preparation software streamline the transition from design to
printing, reducing human intervention and ensuring consistency in outcomes. Specifically, having the option of
exporting STLs directly into the printing preparation software from the CAD software saves dental professionals
significant time.

Automation: Streamlining workflow
processes and increasing production
capacity with existing tools
Automation has revolutionised manufacturing processes,
particularly with the advent of 3D printing, leading to
enhanced reproducibility and production capabilities.
However, as demand surges, especially for larger dental
laboratories and clear aligner manufacturers, there comes a
point where production capacity reaches its limits owing
to the constraints of existing tools and systems.
For instance, when aiming to scale up production without
needing to add more hardware units, there are typically
two avenues to explore: optimisation of the existing workflow efficiency or extension of production hours (such as
introducing night shifts or weekend operations). The first
option is preferable and where innovations are happening.
Upon closer examination of the existing 3D-printing
workflow, we can identify four key steps:
– preparation of parts for printing, involving part set-up
orientation and material and layer height selection;
– transmission of prepared parts to the printers, involving
allocation of print jobs to the specific printers;
– removal of the printed parts from the build platform;
and
– post-processing tasks, such as washing and polymerisation of the printed parts.
Enhancing efficiency and throughput in each of these
steps is crucial for unlocking greater production capacity
and meeting escalating demand. Let us analyse some
examples.

4
Fig. 3: Components of the Form 4B printer powered by Low Force Display.
Fig. 4: Model printed on a Form 4B printer with Precision Model Resin at 50 μm.
Surface scan analysis confirming the surface accuracy of the printed model.

Printing preparation simplified with automatic presets
The printing set-up stage, often considered a complex step for novice users, is streamlined with tools like
Formlabs’ PreForm Dental. These solutions automate
preset creation, minimising errors and reducing the time
invested in printing preparation. For example, PreForm
Dental’s automatic preset creation feature allows users
to preconfigure their printing settings by already configuring part orientation, printing setting, and material and
layer height selection. Once this preset has been created,
files can be dragged and dropped and automatically set
up based on that preset.
Enhanced production capacity without
extra human resources
Automation extends to print job allocation and postprocessing tasks, maximising production capacity and
efficiency and reducing the dependence on manual intervention. Tools like Formlabs’ Fleet Control and Form Auto
automate print job management and part removal. With
Fleet Control, files are uploaded to a general queue and
automatically allocated to the next free unit set up with the
material that matches that print job. This eliminates the
need to manually allocate print jobs to specific printers.
As for automatic part removal, there are several hardware
solutions on the market that consist of hardware extension
units that automatically remove parts from the build platform.

3D printing
2 2024

[18] =>

| trends & applications
expedite printing and post-processing workflows, further
improving overall efficiency and productivity.

5
Fig. 5: Dental LT Comfort Resin enables printing of flexible and resilient
splints and of bleaching trays.

One example is Form Auto, which is an add-on to Form 3B+
printers and automates part removal from Build Platform 2
(a build platform for stereolithography printers) and reinsertion, allowing dental professionals to achieve unsupervised production during non-operating hours with existing
hardware units. For example, in a standard working day,
64 models can be printed with a Form 3B+, but with automation, that number skyrockets to 176 models per day.

Hardware and software optimisations:
Faster steps and increased accuracy
with new tools
Manufacturers continuously strive to optimise existing
hardware, aiming to enhance speed and efficiency in
the 3D-printing process. Software updates such as
Formlabs’ Fast Arch Printing and innovations in hardware
like the Form 4B printer and Formlabs’ Fast Cure solutions

Form 4B powered by Low Force Display:
Accelerating printing times
Speed is a major challenge for dental professionals working
to tight deadlines. Dental 3D-printing manufacturers are
constantly developing new hardware solutions to address
this issue, striving to deliver faster printing times without compromising accuracy and aiming for easy-to-use
systems. A prime example is the cutting-edge Form 4B,
which is powered by Low Force Display, a nextgeneration printing engine. This engine combines ultrahigh-power LEDs, collimating lenses, optical filters and
a robust liquid crystal display (LCD), enabling each layer
of resin to be polymerised instantly, regardless of the
part size or the number of objects on the build platform.
This new mSLA (masked stereolithography) printer and its
advanced printing engine set a new benchmark for speed,
accuracy, reliability and material versatility, allowing dental
professionals to print parts at remarkable speeds. For instance, users can now print an entire build platform with
11 models for thermoformed appliances in just 9 minutes.
Crucially, the increase in printing speed does not compromise accuracy. Restorative models printed on the Form
4B with Precision Model Resin at a 50 μm layer height
achieve 99.7% of the printed surface to within 100 μm
of the CAD model and 95% to within 50 μm. The printer’s
high-resolution LCD, with its 50 μm pixel size and pretuned
anti-aliasing, delivers sharp details, smooth surface finishes
and precise tolerances. The custom LCD also features high
light transmission, maximising optical power to the resin
and ensuring exceptional printing speed.
Fast Cure solutions: Expedited post-processing
These solutions utilise advanced polymerisation technologies to accelerate the polymerisation process, reducing turnaround times for finished dental products.
For instance, Fast Cure solutions utilise 56 high-intensity
ultraviolet LED light to rapidly polymerise printed parts,
allowing dental professionals to expedite post-processing,
as time is reduced to a maximum of 6 minutes, and
deliver final products to patients more quickly.

Material innovation: Expanding possibilities

6
Fig. 6: IBT Flex Resin allows printing of indirect bonding trays for bracket placement
and of direct composite restoration guides for the injection or press techniques.

18 3D printing
2 2024

Material innovation is a driving force behind advancements in dental 3D printing. With the development of
biocompatible resins for printing end-use appliances,
allowing professionals to adopt model-less workflows,
we have already seen an important shift in the production processes and delivery times. We will continue to see
this area grow significantly, but one interesting factor is
that these biocompatible resins are being tested to cover
more indications with the same material. Some notable
examples of material innovation are Formlabs’ Dental LT
Comfort Resin, IBT Flex Resin and Premium Teeth Resin.

[19] =>

trends & applications

Dental LT Comfort Resin: Versatile and comfortable
Dental LT Comfort Resin is specifically designed to meet
the diverse needs of patients and dental professionals.
This new formula for the production of resilient occlusal
splints creates a new spectrum of material classification
that lies between traditional soft splints and traditional
hard acrylic splints. Splints printed with Dental LT Comfort Resin become flexible in intra-oral conditions, providing wearing comfort to the patient and thus increasing
the probability of compliance with treatment, but still have
the properties to provide occlusal stability (Shore hardness D: 75). Moreover, bleaching trays can be printed
with this material, providing dental professionals with a
comprehensive solution for various dental applications
with a single resin.

IBT Flex Resin: Enhanced performance and versatility
IBT Flex Resin represents a significant advancement
in dental 3D printing, especially for the restorative field.
This biocompatible material has been reformulated to meet
the demanding requirements of indirect bonding trays.
Now, dental professionals can also print direct composite restoration guides for provisional or permanent
applications. The material’s superior strength, flexibility
and accuracy, provided by the 50 μm layer height setting,
enable dental professionals to achieve accurate results
while reducing workflow complexity and turnaround
times compared with traditional workflows.

Fig. 7: Premium Teeth Resin enables printing for a wide range of restorative
and prosthodontic applications. (All images: © Formlabs Dental)

Premium Teeth Resin: Multiple restorative indications
Premium Teeth Resin provides dental professionals with
a strong, wear-resistant material with natural aesthetics
for creating printed teeth for digital dentures, temporary
full-arch implant-supported restorations (all-on-X), temporary single units (crowns, inlays, onlays and veneers)
and up to seven-unit bridges. Compared with previous
years and tooth-coloured resin generations, we are seeing an extension of clinical indications for both temporary
and permanent use with new formulas. This provides
a great deal of flexibility to dental professionals, as they
can now resolve a wider range of clinical cases with
a single resin.

In conclusion, the integration of AI, automation, hardware
optimisation and material innovation continues to propel
the evolution of dental 3D-printing workflows. These
advancements not only optimise efficiency and precision
but also expand the possibilities for dental professionals,
ultimately leading to improved patient care and outcomes.
By embracing emerging technologies and leveraging innova
tive solutions, the dental industry is poised to revolutionise
patient care and usher in a new era of dental excellence.

Certified and open materials platforms
We will continue to see increased collaboration between
resin manufacturers and 3D-printing companies to offer
a specific selection of certified third-party resins for use
with their 3D printers. For example, Formlabs runs a certified materials programme, collaborating with companies
like BEGO to enable their restorative materials to work
seamlessly with Formlabs’ hardware. Such collaborations involve thorough cross-testing, validation and the
development of optimised settings by both companies.
Additionally, software like Formlabs’ Open Material Mode
will continue to expand, allowing dental professionals
to use any 405 nm photopolymer resin with Form series
printers. This empowers expert users and researchers

to print with a wide range of market-available and custom
resins. However, users must be aware of the requirements
and responsibilities this entails, such as developing their
own settings and conducting additional testing to ensure
that the final product meets clinical standards and is a
safe solution for the patient.

Conclusion: Driving innovation in dental care
with digital tools that optimise workflows

about
Dr Elisa Praderi graduated from
the Catholic University of Uruguay in
Montevideo in 2017. She participated
in the 2018 Unilever Hatton C ompetition,
presenting a study she had conducted
in the area of aesthetic dentistry at the
96th general session and exhibition
of the International Association for
Dental Research. She has worked
at the C
atholic University of Uruguay’s emergency service
and in private dental practice. Dr Praderi has particular
interest in dental materials, clinical workflows and technology
integration in the daily practice, encouraging her pursuit of
a professional career in 3D printing. Consequently, in 2019,
she joined Formlabs, where she holds the position
of senior clinical protocols and key opinion leader manager.

3D printing
2 2024

[20] =>

| opinion

3D technology is the future,
and we need to dive in today
New materials and technologies are building
a dental laboratory
Pavel Kijanets, Estonia

I was previously a dental technician and 3D expert at
Fibonacci Dental Studio, a compact dental studio focused
on complex cases and individual approaches in Tallinn in
Estonia. I am currently developing the 3D-printing segment
for Tallinna Hambalabor. 3D technology is the future, and
we need to dive in today to get experience and adapt our
workflows to the current technological landscape.

Asiga 3D printers allow us to turn any piece of digital
data into a physical object in less than an hour. Even if
the plaster model has been damaged during production,
the MAX UV, combined with scanning and CAD technologies, can print a replica.

My personal experience with 3D printing started with
Formlabs’ Form 2 printer, and we then tried Veltz and Phrozen
printers for a time. We even went for filament printers for
producing useful tools for work in the laboratory. However,
the best day in my digital journey was when our Asiga MAX UV
arrived. This technology opened numerous opportunities for
stable and excellent quality work. In this day and age, we are
no longer geographically constrained when it comes to our
work, but can work both across the country and globally,
thanks to digital scanning and expedited worldwide airmail.

– Possibility of working fully digitally with articulator and
jaw movements: With today’s technology, we can
transfer our digital articulation to a physical articulator
with 100% precision.
– Ability to produce solutions to complex cases from
one printer with flexibility: With a change of the tray,
the system is ready to print with PMMA resin after
having just printed a surgical guide. We can now
print surgical guides, positioning guides and PMMA
components in a couple of prints.

20 3D printing
2 2024

My favourite aspects about our MAX UV are:

[21] =>

opinion

– Easy scaling to laboratory needs: Integrating the MAX UV
was incredibly simple for the team, and it doubled production capacity compared with the previous 3D printers
we had used. The next step is to quadruple production
rates with the Asiga PRO 4K.
– Ease and accuracy: Managing restoration cases involving implants to be restored with a single crown or
bridge is made easy.
– Ability to create vertical printed splints: If I am modelling
splints with exact function and contacts, it is not possible to put connectors on any occlusal surface without affecting the quality. Vertical prints allow this to be
achieved. With 95% of the work done digitally, I simply
put a couple of connectors on the distal sides of the
terminal molars, and the splint is ready.
One of the most important features of the MAX UV is the
open materials system. The selection of validated materials
that are present on Asiga’s official website is astonishing.
An invaluable benefit for me is that I am not obligated
to work with Asiga materials only, but can easily try any
materials from dozens of manufacturers, allowing me to
adapt my material choices to my needs in terms of quality,
price, specifications and accessibility on the market.
When it comes to printing my models, I always go with
Asiga DentaMODEL for modelling. The accuracy and
surface finish are the best I have found on the market.
What is even more amazing is that I also successfully
use it as burn-out material, and it always gives excellent
results, producing a clean burn-out. For surgical guides,
I prefer to work with Keystone’s KeyGuide. I love Asiga
DentaTOOTH for Shades A1 and A2, and for Shade A3,
I prefer to use FREEPRINT temp from DETAX.
In day-to-day use, the stability of the model produced
and the precision are also vital. In those parameters,
Asiga never fails me. I can easily plan my work when
I have no failures in printing and have a guaranteed result.
Before final work goes to the patient’s mouth, it looks very
aesthetically pleasing on the model. The appearance of
models is also very important to dentists. The colour and
texture give a clean and professional look.

In the short term, I would like to see 3D printing in general
become even faster, as every 10–15 minutes saved is
critical to a laboratory. I am also looking forward to seeing
more complex materials come to the market, such as
a harder PMMA. Fortunately, thanks to Asiga’s open
materials system, we will likely have first access to these
new resins.
When looking at the horizon of digital dentistry in general,
I foresee that we will be in a world of high-end, AI-assisted
machines and tools which will produce almost everything
in dental laboratories, and the dental technician will be
needed for human control and a final touch to give restorations a lifelike appearance.
3D printing should be an easily accessible, precise,
professional tool with a guaranteed outcome and not
a burden to use. Asiga is my solution for 3D printing.
All images: © Pavel Kijanets

about
Pavel Kijanets is a skilled dental
technician and 3D printing expert
based in Tallinn, Estonia. He works
at Tallinna Hambalabor, where he leads
the development of the 3D printing
segment, advancing innovative dental
solutions. He can be contacted at
pavel.kijanets@gmail.com.

3D printing
2 2024

[22] =>

| opinion

Asiga’s open operating environment
is advancing additive manufacturing
The experience of a practice laboratory
Jonathan Bourke, US

Dental Artistry Implants Crowns and Veneers, owned
by Drs Alexander Smith and Thomas Spoonster and
located in Bend in Oregon in the US, offers comprehensive
care and has a focus on all-on-X full-mouth rehabilitation.
I am the director of the laboratory. We are focused on
utilising the most advanced digital technology and techniques for dental care and aim to complete all processes
of our work in-house, from surgery to delivery of final
restorations.

22

We always knew we wanted to be a primarily digital practice.
When I started here, it was all analogue. We were doing
traditional denture set-ups in wax and processing in Ivoclar’s
IvoBase, followed by analogue chairside conversions
over titanium temporary abutments to perform same-day
all-on-X surgery. We knew that there had to be a better way,
and it was obvious that transitioning to digital was the
way forwards. Now, all of our work is completed digitally
and produced with either a 3D printer or milling machine.

[23] =>

opinion

We utilise powerful CAD software like exocad and tools such
as photogrammetry and intra-oral scanning, alongside
laboratory scanning, 3D printing and milling.
The Asiga MAX UV was our first major digital purchase,
and it completely changed our practice overnight. We
were able to start almost eliminating outside laboratory fees because we were able to 3D-print so much.
We started off printing things like night guards, surgical
guides and immediate dentures, but we quickly moved
on to printing our same-day all-on-X provisional dentures
alongside provisional crowns and bridges.
I like to use and experiment with many different resins,
and that is one of the things that I love about Asiga so
much. I hate closed systems, and the Asiga operating
environment is as open as you can get. I really like
Pac-Dent resins like Rodin Sculpture, Rodin Titan
and Rodin Denture Base, as they are aesthetic and
very strong. For same-day cases, I usually print with
Desktop Health’s Flexcera Smile Ultra+ because I can print it
very quickly on the MAX UV, a crucial capability for an
all-on-X surgical environment. Asiga technology allows
me to print a full-arch restoration in as little as 25 minutes,
allowing us to deliver a monolithic restoration straight to
multi-unit abutments on the day of surgery.
The MAX UV is an absolute workhorse. It is reliable,
accurate and easy to use. It has an incredibly large library
of validated resins, so it is very easy to stay up to date
in the ever-evolving world of resins. We plan on having
at least one MAX UV at every practice we open, and
multiple MAX UVs at our main laboratory.
I think that additive manufacturing is going to move
increasingly closer to being able to replace milling for final

“I like to use and experiment
with a lot of different resins,
and that is one of the things
that I love about
the Asiga so much.”
restorations. I think that titanium printing, while in its
infancy now, is going to be an absolute game changer.
I look forward to the day when we will be using 3D printers
to manufacture a product that is just as strong and aesthetic
as zirconia—or maybe even zirconia itself.
All images: © Dental Artistry Implants Crowns and Veneers

about
Jonathan Bourke is a highly skilled
dental technician with over 15 years
of experience in both analogue and
digital dental techniques. Throughout
his career, he has developed extensive
expertise in crafting precise and
aesthetic dental restorations, including
crowns, veneers, and implant-supported
prosthetics. He currently serves as the
director of laboratory prosthetics at Dental Artistry Implants,
Crowns, and Veneers in Redmond, Oregon, where he leads
a dedicated team in delivering cutting-edge dental solutions.
His deep understanding of evolving technologies and
commitment to high-quality craftsmanship make him a trusted
leader in the field of dental prosthetics.

3D printing
2 2024

[24] =>

| case report

3D-printed provisional restorations
for complex prosthetic rehabilitation
Full-mouth restoration of a severe case of erosion
Drs Stefanie Lindner & Andreas Keßler, Germany

Pre-prosthetic pretreatment

Digital wax-up, splint for increase of OVD

Mock-up

Preparation, intra-oral scan

Digital design of the restorations

3D printing of the restorations

Temporary cementation

Transfer to final restorations
2

24 3D printing
2 2024

1f
Figs. 1a–f: Initial situation. Recognisable loss of vertical dimension in the
frontal view (a) and left and right lateral views (b & c). Almost complete loss
of the occlusal relief in the upper and lower jaw (d & e). Dental panoramic
tomogram (f). Fig. 2: Treatment procedure.

Introduction
Dental erosion caused by direct acid exposure without
bacterial involvement has become increasingly clinically
relevant in recent years.1 The extent of tooth structure
loss due to such erosion depends on various individual
factors.2 Both endogenous acids, such as gastric acid,
and exogenous acids can cause erosion. Exogenous
acids can originate from medications or acid vapours in
the air during occupational exposure. However, the most
common sources are food and drinks.3
The clinical pattern of erosion in the posterior region
ranges from initial trough-shaped defects on the cusp
tips to complete loss of the occlusal relief with dentine
exposure. Severe erosive tooth structure defects are often
accompanied by a reduction in occlusal vertical dimension (OVD). A variety of treatment options are available
to restore the original OVD, although no technique or
material has proved to be superior in the literature.4, 5
However, modifications of the occlusal relationship should
be tested with occlusal splints and/or long-term provisional
restorations before irreversible reconstructive measures
are taken.

[25] =>

case report

3a

|

3b

Figs. 3a & b: Digital scan of the initial situation. Upper jaw (a). Lower jaw (b).

The provisional treatment phase allows testing of the
aesthetic and phonetic optimum as well as a test drive
of the newly defined OVD. Provisional restorations should
be as minimally invasive as possible while meeting the
increasing demands for aesthetics and function. If well
accepted by the patient, the maxillomandibular relationship

of the provisional restoration can be transferred to the
final restoration.
Long-term provisional restorations can be produced in
the dental laboratory with CAD/CAM using subtractive
processes. Subtractive manufacturing contrasts with

4b

4a
Figs. 4a & b: Mandibular splint made of PMMA (a). Mandibular splint in situ (b).

3D printing
2 2024

25

[26] =>

| case report

Fig. 5: 3D-printed mock-up. Figs. 6a & b: Tooth preparation in the upper jaw (a) and lower jaw (b).

additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing,
which is rapidly emerging as a supplementary or alternative method in digital dentistry. Subtractive manufacturing
can cause chipping in the marginal areas of restorations
due to the contact pressure of the tools. In contrast,
the additive technique, by creating a layered structure,
enables the cost-effective and time-efficient production
of complex geometries.6 The present case report illustrates the potential of 3D-printed long-term provisional
restorations for complex rehabilitation with an increase
in the OVD.

Clinical case presentation and diagnosis
In January 2023, a 40-year-old female patient with an
unremarkable general anamnesis presented to the general outpatient clinic of the Department of Conservative
Dentistry and Periodontology of the university hospital
of LMU Munich in Germany. The patient was dissatisfied with the aesthetic appearance of her teeth and
complained about occasional hypersensitivity to hot
and cold drinks. Her dietary history revealed excessive soda
consumption of about two litres per day.

The clinical and radiographic examination revealed
pronounced erosive defects on all teeth (Figs. 1a–f).
To prevent nocturnal wear of the remaining tooth structure,
an occlusal splint had been prepared by the patient’s general dentist in the past. Quick screening for temporomandibular disorder using the tool developed by the German
Society of Craniomandibular Function and Disorders
was carried out and revealed no functional abnormalities.
The diagnosis was generalised, highly pronounced erosion
due to exogenous acid (soda), abrasion and attrition with
decreased OVD, multiple carious lesions, dentine hypersensitivity, gingivitis and compromised aesthetics.

Treatment planning and conservative
pretreatment
As part of the pre-prosthetic pretreatment (Fig. 2), the
carious lesions were treated with resin composite fillings.
In addition, a professional dental cleaning was performed,
oral hygiene instructions were given and information was
provided on a healthy diet (including avoidance of excessive soda consumption). The professional dental cleaning
was repeated several times during the course of treatment.

Figs. 7a & b: Digital scan of the prepared maxillary teeth (a) and the prepared mandibular teeth (b).

26 3D printing
2 2024

[27] =>

case report

9
Fig. 8: Provisional restorations in the CAM software with supporting structures. Fig. 9: 3D-printed provisional restorations on the build platform and evident supporting structures.

To treat this case, the conventional approach of adapting
the masticatory system to a new maxillomandibular
relationship with increased OVD using a mandibular
splint was chosen. For the manufacture of the splint,
an intra-oral scan (Primescan, CEREC Software 5.2.9,
Dentsply Sirona) was performed (Figs. 3a & b). The
maxillomandibular relationship in centric occlusion was
digitally registered by means of an anterior jig and a facial
scan. The scan data was sent to the dental laboratory,
and the models were aligned in a virtual articulator using
exocad DentalCAD. The required OVD was determined
by means of a digital diagnostic wax-up. The splint was
digitally designed in the lower jaw and fabricated from
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using the subtractive
technique (Figs. 4a & b).

Mock-up
To facilitate communication with the patient in the further
course of treatment, a mock-up was 3D-printed based
on the digital wax-up using the printable composite
V-Print c&b temp (VOCO; Fig. 5). The mock-up was
intended to give the patient an initial visualisation of the
functional correction and resulting aesthetics.

10a

Tooth preparation
After completion of the splint pretreatment and good
acceptance of the newly defined occlusal relationship
on the part of the patient, defect-orientated preparation of the teeth was carried out. In the posterior region,
large areas of exposed dentine were restored with adhesive build-up fillings (Tetric EvoFlow, Bleach, Ivoclar).
The maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth and the
maxillary anterior teeth were prepared for 3D-printed
long-term provisional restorations (Figs. 6a & b). The
veneer preparation on the mandibular anterior teeth
was carried out as part of the final restoration in the last
treatment step.
An intra-oral scan of the prepared teeth was performed
(Primescan), and the scan data was transmitted to the
dental laboratory (Figs. 7a & b). The prepared teeth were
treated with provisional restorations made of Structur 3
(VOCO) using the direct technique until the long-term
provisional restorations had been completed. With the
help of splints made from 3D-printed models of the digital
wax-up, an intra-oral transfer was possible for the fabrication of the direct provisional restorations.

10b

10c

10d

10e

10f

10g

Figs. 10a–g: Provisional restorations after post-processing and high-gloss polishing. Detailed view of the maxillary anterior segment (a). Posterior (b–e) and anterior segments (f & g).

3D printing
2 2024

[28] =>

| case report

11a

11b

11c

11d

11e

Figs. 11a–e: Temporarily cemented long-term provisional restorations. Frontal view (a) and left and right lateral views (b & c). Occlusal view of the maxilla (d) and mandible (e).

3D printing
The scan data of the upper and lower jaw was digitally
matched with the digital scan of the initial situation by
means of anatomical reference points in the exocad
software. The maxillomandibular relationship initially
determined for the fabrication of the splint could thus be
adopted, and the digital design of the restorations could
be carried out. For optimum stability, the provisional restorations in the anterior and posterior regions were designed as
contiguous segments in this case. The STL data set of the
restorations was then transferred to the CAM software
Netfabb 2022.0 (Autodesk), and supporting structures were added to the non-functional areas (Fig. 8).
The long-term provisional restorations were printed from
V-Print c&b temp (Fig. 9).
After a dripping time of 10 minutes, unpolymerised resin
residue was removed from the printed objects using
a brush soaked in isopropanol. The objects were then
detached from the build plate, and the supporting structures were removed. Post-polymerisation was performed
15 minutes after the last isopropanol contact, using
two cycles of 2,000 flashes each in the Otoflash G171
(NK Optik). After post-processing, the provisional restorations
were finished and polished to a high gloss (Figs. 10a–g).
Finally, the temporary luting was completed with a dual-
luting temporary luting composite (Bifix Temp, VOCO;
Figs. 11a–e).

Final restorations
After the provisional restorations had been worn for six
months, the newly defined occlusal relationship was

28 3D printing
2 2024

transferred to final restorations. Adhesively fixed restorations made of monolithic lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press,
Ivoclar) were the first choice (Figs. 12 & 13). Due to
the thin margins in some areas, it was preferable for
the restorations to be fabricated using the press technique.
A protective splint was recommended for night-time
wear at the end of treatment to ensure long-term clinical
stability. To protect against acid-induced erosive tooth
structure loss, the use of a fluoride toothpaste with low
abrasion and the avoidance of acidic foods and drinks
were also suggested.

Discussion
3D printing is being used more and more frequently
in the fabrication of provisional restorations. Nowadays,
3D-printed long-term provisional restorations made of
composite are mostly produced using the stereolithography (SLA) and the related digital light processing (DLP)
technology. The results of recent studies show that pro
visional restorations fabricated using DLP and SLA technologies offer sufficient flexural strength.7 In the clinical
case presented, no fracture was recorded at any time
during the wearing period of the printed restorations.
The principle of SLA is based on the layer-by-layer build-up
of an object from a UV-sensitive liquid monomer mixture, which is polymerised and solidified using a laser.
Layer thicknesses of between 25 and 100 µm are usually
printed.6 A lower layer thickness leads to high-resolution
object surfaces but also a slower production time. DLP
printers differ from SLA printers only in the design of the

[29] =>

case report

exposure unit and the polymerisation of the monomer by
structured light not by a laser. This ensures faster printing
of multiple objects.8
The monomers used for SLA and DLP printers are based
on methacrylates to which photoinitiators with a weight
of 3–5% are added due to the initially short exposure
time during the printing process.6 When printing, the resin is
polymerised only up to the gel phase. Material-specific light
polymerisation after the printing process is therefore also
necessary in order to achieve the final conversion rate and
the desired mechanical and biological properties.9, 10

The absolute mechanical properties of the composites
are mainly influenced by the filler added. In studies, filled
printable composites showed comparable mechanical
properties to millable or direct composites.11, 12 Filled printable composites should be preferred to unfilled printable
composites due to the correlation between the amount
of filler and the mechanical properties.13
13

Currently, the amount of filler added is a maximum of
30% by volume and is therefore lower than that of direct
composites or millable composites. A further increase
in the amount of filler in the printable composite would
increase the viscosity of the material, and a flow between
the base of the vat and the build platform after a printing
cycle would no longer be guaranteed.14
While the fabrication time increases linearly with the number of objects to be produced in the subtractive process,
it is independent from the number of objects on the build
platform in the 3D-printing process. This results in a major
time advantage in the production of long-term provisional
restorations. From a purely economic perspective, additive manufacturing builds only the required object and
minimal supporting structures, leading to material efficiency. In contrast, the subtractive process must account
for the material loss from the blank to the final product
and the wear of the processing instruments. Another advantage of additive manufacturing is the geometric freedom it offers in the design process. Complex structures,
including overhangs and internal cavities, can be easily
reproduced, whereas subtractive processes are limited
by the accessibility of the cutting tool. Additionally, in the
subtractive process, the milling tool applies pressure to
the object, increasing the risk of chipping in areas with
thin edges.

Conclusion
The present case report demonstrates that additively
manufactured provisional restorations offer new opportunities for complex prosthetic rehabilitation. A fully digital workflow can be implemented, allowing for 3D-printed
provisional restorations to enable rapid aesthetic improvements and test changes in the OVD.

Fig. 12: Veneer preparation of the mandibular anterior teeth. Fig. 13: Final
lithium disilicate restorations.

Thanks to the capability of printing very thin layers, the
transition of the restoration to the tooth can be designed
very delicately. This reduces the risk of secondary caries,
and marginal staining can be easily polished. To summarise, additive manufacturing enables economical
fabrication of restorations with considerable complexity
and high aesthetic requirements.

Editorial note: Please scan this QR code for
the list of references.

about
Dr Stefanie Lindner works in the
Department of Conservative Dentistry
and Periodontology at LMU Munich
in Germany. She can be contacted at
stefanie.lindner@med.uni-muenchen.de.

Dr Andreas Keßler works in the
Department of Prosthetics at
Freiburg University Hospital in Germany.
He can be contacted at
andreas.kessler@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

3D printing
2 2024

[30] =>

| case report

3D printing of an inlay and
overlay using SprintRay’s Ceramic
Crown resin: A case report
Dr Miloš Ljubičić, Serbia

1

2

3

Case presentation
A 40-year-old patient arrived at our office complaining of old
fillings in the mandibular right molars and discomfort affecting
these teeth. To address this issue, we utilised advanced
3D-printing technology combined with state-of-the-art dental
materials, specifically the Ceramic Crown resin (SprintRay),
to create precise inlay and overlay restorations.

4

Initial assessment and scanning
Upon examination, it was clear that the mandibular right
molars required attention. Tooth #47 needed an inlay, and
tooth #46 an overlay (Figs. 1–3). To proceed, an intra-oral
scan was performed using the Medit i700 wireless intraoral scanner. This scan captured detailed images of the
teeth, including individual movements of the patient’s jaws,
ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the dental
anatomy and occlusion.

5

Design and preparation
The intra-oral scans of the prepared teeth and the
recorded jaw movements were imported into exocad
design software (Figs. 4 & 5). The inclusion of the patient’s
individual jaw movements was crucial, allowing us
to replicate the exact movements within the software.
This step is vital for creating restorations that fit precisely
and function perfectly, reducing the need for additional
adjustments after cementation (Fig. 6).

6

30 3D printing
2 2024

[31] =>

case report

|

7
8

9

10

11

12

3D-printing process

Post-processing

With the designs finalised in exocad, the files were uploaded to the RayWare online software (SprintRay; Fig. 7).
Utilising the Pro 55S printer (SprintRay), we printed the
two restorations in just 9 minutes (Figs. 8–11).

After printing, the restorations were washed with isopropyl alcohol to remove any residual resin and then
polymerised in the ProCure 2 unit (SprintRay; Fig. 12).
The entire process of printing and post-processing took
around 20 minutes (Figs. 13–15).

The Ceramic Crown resin was chosen for its hybrid ceramic properties, providing both durability and aesthetic
appeal.

13

14

The restorations were then tried in the patient’s mouth, and their
precision fit was confirmed (Figs. 16–19). The supporting pins

15

3D printing
2 2024

31

[32] =>

| case report

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

were removed, and the restorations were polished using the
SprintRay polishing kit, achieving a smooth and glossy finish.

about

Final delivery
The final step was the cementation of the restorations.
We used G-CEM ONE (GC) for the definitive cementation,
ensuring a strong and durable bond. The precision of the
3D-printed restorations meant that no additional adjustments
were necessary, providing a perfect fit and function (Figs. 20–23).

Conclusion
This case demonstrates the efficiency and effectiveness of
using 3D-printing technology, specifically the Ceramic Crown
resin, for dental restorations. The process, from scanning to
final cementation, was streamlined and precise, resulting in
high-quality, durable inlay and overlay restorations. The patient
left with a comfortable and aesthetically pleasing solution,
highlighting the significant advancements in digital dentistry.

32 3D printing
2 2024

Dr Miloš Ljubičić is a resident in
prosthodontics at the University of
Belgrade in Serbia and well known for his
expertise in aesthetic and digital dentistry,
having made significant contributions to
the evolution of CAD/CAM systems in the
dental practice. Dr Ljubičić is also the
creator of the Bigger Picture international
course in dental photography, which has
set new standards and protocols in this field. In 2019, he was nominated
as the most promising young member at the annual European
Society of Cosmetic Dentistry (ESCD) conference. His expertise in
dental photography too earned him accolades in dental photography
contests at the International Dental Show in Cologne in Germany
and the annual ESCD meeting in 2019. As a lecturer, Dr Ljubičić
has shared his knowledge and insights with his peers through his
involvement with the American Society of Cosmetic Dentistry and
the ESCD. He is a key opinion leader for Medit, GC and SprintRay.

[33] =>

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200

Flexural strength(Mpa)

ASTM D790

27

Flexural modulus(Mpa)

ASTM D790

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ASTM D648

53

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[34] =>

| user report

3D-printed 28-tooth complete
dentures: A modern
approach to dental solutions
Marie-Isabel Geib & Manuel Knoth, Germany
the digital method offers significant acceleration of these
processes in daily laboratory work. The models are first
digitised using a scanner (Ceramill Map 600+, Amann
Girrbach) and then transferred to the CAD/CAM software
(Ceramill Mind) to design the complete dentures based
on the patient’s anatomical features. Here, it is also
possible to fabricate a try-in in addition to the denture.
This try-in replaces the wax set-up without additional time
expenditure and can moreover be used by the patient as
a transitional denture (Fig. 1).

1
Fig. 1: Functional try-in, printed with FREEPRINT TRYIN resin (DETAX).

Digital workflows and 3D-printing processes are expanding into multiple areas of dental technology, including the fabrication of complete dentures. In our laboratory,
Zahntechnik Knoth, CAD/CAM-supported procedures
are already part of our everyday work, leading to savings
in both resources and time as well as to reproducible
manufacturing processes. In comparison with employing
CAD/CAM programs, the analogue method of fabricating complete dentures is considerably more timeconsuming, as wax set-ups need to be made for try-ins and
then everything has to be filled with PMMA, using a matrix,
before the final processing can begin. In comparison,

Figs. 2a–d: Blocked dental arches and denture bases on the build platform.

34 3D printing
2 2024

In the case shown in this article, we used FREEPRINT
DENTURE resin (DETAX) for the bases of the 28-tooth
dentures and FREEPRINT CROWN resin for the teeth.
The teeth were printed as blocked dental arches,
making it much easier to insert them into the bases later.
The layer thickness for printing the base is 100 μm and
requires a printing time of approximately 1.5 hours and for
printing the dental arches is 50 μm and requires a printing
time of approximately 1 hour (Figs. 2a–d).
Both materials are very easy to process, both in printing (using the D20+ printer, Rapid Shape) and in postprocessing. In our experience, this has not always been
the case with other 3D-printing resins. After printing, the
parts have to pass through a washing bay (RS wash,
Rapid Shape), where they are cleaned of excess resin
using isopropanol. Subsequently, the still unfinished parts
are fully polymerised in an LED box (RS cure). Once all
parts have been washed and polymerised, it is recom-

[35] =>

user report

Figs. 3a & b: Checking the fit of the cleaned objects. Figs. 4a & b: Individualised 3D-printed complete dentures.

mended to leave the bases and arches for 24 hours to
allow the reaction to subside completely so that the desired
shade and final hardness can be achieved. It is then
time to cut off the supports required for printing and
to grind the sprues. The fit of the base and the teeth is
then checked before the two parts are bonded together
(Figs. 3a & b).
Once everything is in place, the tooth compartments in the
base are thinly coated with the base material, the dental
arches are inserted and preliminary light polymerising is
carried out without application of vacuum. If necessary,
the interdental spaces are filled once more in the same
way before full polymerisation takes place again in the
LED box.
Now that all the parts have been bonded together, it is
time for the finishing, which is much less work than it is
with the conventional method, the design and printing
being much more precise. The almost finished dentures
are then pumiced to smooth the surface and then polished to a high gloss. The behaviour of both materials
in this regard too is very good and handling is uncomplicated. In designing the dentures, attention should be
paid to an even transition with regard to polishing, as uneven and undercut areas are difficult to reach and fine
lines remain from the printing process. Using stains, in
our case VITA AKZENT LC (VITA Zahnfabrik), the teeth
and the bases can then be dyed and thus individualised
and made more lifelike in appearance (Figs. 4a & b).
Processing with conventional PMMA (powder monomer
mixture) was also tested using fracture simulation. The two
materials bonded seamlessly with each other in our test.
FREEPRINT DENTURE resin is a perfect material that is
easy to handle in daily laboratory work.

“Both materials are very
easy to process,
both in printing (...)
and in post-processing.”
about
Marie-Isabel Geib completed her
training in dental technology at the
Koblenz chamber of crafts and the
Zahntechnik Knoth dental laboratory in
Feilbingert, both in Germany, in January 2022.
Since then, she has been working as a
dental technician at Zahntechnik Knoth,
where she continues to refine
her skills and expertise in the field.
Manuel Knoth completed his dental
technology training at the Koblenz
chamber of crafts and the Zahntechnik
Albert Knoth dental laboratory in
Feilbingert, both in Germany, in 2005.
After obtaining his master craftsman’s
certificate in 2012, he entered into
self-employment and has been managing
Zahntechnik Knoth ever since,
bringing extensive experience and leadership to the business.

contact
DETAX GmbH
post@detax.com, detax.com

3D printing
2 2024

[36] =>

| feature

Transforming dentistry: Your journey
with the Dental AI Association
Dental Tribune International
accuracy, treatment planning, patient care and operational efficiency.

Committees leading the way
DAIA’s innovative approach is driven by seven committees.
These committees are tasked with ensuring that the
association’s goals align with global standards and that
its mission is achieved internationally.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become
increasingly integrated into dentistry. AI has the potential
to revolutionise patient care, diagnosis and treatment
outcomes and to make dental services more efficient and
accessible. A new global organisation has been established to lead the way in this exciting transformation, the
Dental AI Association (DAIA). Supported by the Global
Summits Institute through its World’s Top 100 Doctors
initiative, DAIA is the first association dedicated to advancing the integration of AI in dentistry, focusing on
education, innovation, research and ethical standards.

The birth of DAIA
The formation of DAIA represents a groundbreaking
development for dental practitioners and the broader
AI community. As AI becomes increasingly integrated into
various aspects of dental care, DAIA’s mission is to lead
the charge in harnessing this technology to improve the
quality of dental healthcare services worldwide.
At its core, DAIA is committed to fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between dental professionals and
AI experts. This cooperation is key to exploring the full
potential of AI and its applications in dentistry. Through
the association’s efforts, dental practitioners can expect
significant advancements in areas such as diagnostic

36 3D printing
2 2024

The Education, Training, Professional Development, and
Certification Committee is revolutionising dental education through the Dental AI Academy. By developing
comprehensive curricula and certifications for AI proficiency, it is preparing a future-ready dental workforce.
The academy promotes AI education through scholarly
publications, practical training and online platforms.
This initiative is led by 22 chairs of various discipline divisions,
aimed at giving dental practitioners of all specialties
access to resources that will enable them to seamlessly
integrate AI into their practices.
As AI technology rapidly evolves, the Research, Innovation,
and Technology Committee is playing a crucial role in
exploring the latest AI advancements. This committee
fosters groundbreaking research and promotes the
adoption of innovative AI technologies that enhance
patient care, improve diagnostic precision and optimise
treatment effectiveness. Through the efforts of this committee, dental practitioners will be at the forefront of technological advancements that are reshaping the industry.
AI in dentistry presents unique ethical challenges.
The Ethics, Governance, Legal, and Regulatory Affairs
Committee is dedicated to addressing these concerns,
ensuring that AI is implemented in a way that prioritises
patients’ rights and safety. The committee is also focused
on navigating the legal and regulatory landscape concerning the use of AI in healthcare.
The International Advisory and Special Interest Committee
provides international perspectives and advice, ensuring
that DAIA’s initiatives are globally relevant and inclusive.
The Affiliative Committee focuses on fostering international
and local partnerships and collaborations with other organisations and stakeholders in the dental and AI communities,
helping to expand DAIA’s reach and impact.

[37] =>

feature

The Leadership Committee oversees the strategic direction
of the association. Guided by the global president, CEO
and chief operating officer, along with regional presidents
and committee chairs, this team ensures that DAIA’s strategic
goals are met. The committee focuses on global influence
and encourages the adoption of AI by dental communities
worldwide.

Through the educational resources provided by the
Dental AI Academy, dental practitioners can become
proficient in the use of AI technologies. With DAIA’s
focus on training and professional development,
practitioners will have the opportunity to enhance their
skills and stay up to date with the latest advancements
in AI.

A vision for the future

Join DAIA today

DAIA is not just about keeping up with the latest technological trends; it is about actively shaping the future of
dentistry. AI has the potential to revolutionise the field in
ways that were previously unimaginable. By embracing AI,
dental practitioners can improve diagnostic accuracy,
streamline treatment processes and enhance patient
outcomes.

DAIA is leading a transformative phase in dentistry.
By joining the association, dental professionals can be
at the forefront of this exciting revolution. Membership
provides access to cutting-edge research, training and
certification opportunities that will enable practitioners to
integrate AI into their practices and elevate the quality of
care they provide to patients.

One of DAIA’s primary goals is to make these benefits
accessible to dental professionals around the world. By developing global standards for AI in dentistry and fostering
international collaboration, the association aims to ensure
that AI is adopted widely and ethically. This will elevate the
quality of dental care on a global scale, making high-quality
dental services more accessible to patients everywhere.

The association’s mission is to create a future where AI
is seamlessly integrated into every aspect of dental care,
improving diagnostic precision, enhancing therapeutic
outcomes and making dental services more accessible
worldwide. By embracing the power of AI, DAIA is poised
to lead the next wave of innovation in dentistry. For dental practitioners, this presents an incredible opportunity
to be part of a transformative movement that will benefit
both their practices and their patients.

The role of dental practitioners
For dental practitioners, now is the time to start integrating
AI into their practices. AI can support a broad range
of activities, including diagnostic imaging, treatment
planning, patient management and administrative tasks.
With DAIA’s guidance, dental professionals can confidently
adopt AI technologies that will streamline their workflows
and improve patient care.

Do not miss out on the opportunity to shape the future of
dental healthcare. Join DAIA today at www.DentalAiA.org
and take the first step on your journey into the future
of dental AI.

3D printing
2 2024

[38] =>

| buyer’s guide

Dental resins in 3D printing—
selecting what you need
Dr George Freedman, Canada
The fastest-growing technology in the dental market is
3D printing. This chairside technology simplifies treatment planning
and delivery, returning total operational control to the clinical
practitioner in-house. A comprehensive digital workflow optimises
therapeutic management and can be customised as necessary.
From the patient’s perspective, significantly reduced treatment
times and eliminated lag intervals between tooth preparation and
appliance delivery are both convenient and sensible. The decreased
chair time and elimination of the laboratory outsourcing and the
transportation costs may eventually lead to therapy cost reductions.
The practitioner is fortunate to have a large selection of resin
printing products readily available. The initial qualifying step in
material selection is to identify the clinical objective of the treatment. The three major categories of 3D-printed resin products
are resins that are used extra-orally (laboratory models), resins
that are used intra-orally on a temporary or intermittent basis
(night guards, surgical guides and digital dentures) and resins
that are placed intra-orally on a permanent basis (crowns,
bridges and other restorations).
There are clear guidelines relating to biocompatibility which have
solved the earlier concerns about which materials could be used
intra-orally. There is an extensive list of regulatory-compliant materials that are offered by numerous companies around the world.
Furthermore, science and research have significantly improved
the mechanical properties of these materials such that they offer
greater structural strength and a higher resistance to functional
wear. The demand for restorative aesthetics is well established
among patients, and thus it is essential that a suitable pairing of
3D printers and materials be chosen. Both printer and materials
companies make clear the third-party support that they offer.
The overriding factors that are critical in the selection of 3D-printing
resins are contingent on their intended clinical use, but must include
biocompatibility, ease of use, predictable high quality, strength and accuracy. Naturally, differing application will demand differing properties:
– Restorative model resins must demonstrate high precision and
reproducibility throughout the restorative dentistry process.
The models and dies must be accurate and have crisp margins
and precise contacts to deliver high-quality and timely results.
– Orthodontic model resins are ideally fast to print and highly
accurate and have a very smooth surface finish, designed
specifically for aligner and retainer production.
– Provisional intra-oral resins should exhibit excellent marginal
adaptation, strength, flexibility, aesthetics and a low tendency
to accumulate plaque for up to one year intra-orally.

38 3D printing
2 2024

– Hard occlusal splint and night guard resins require high durability
and fracture resistance. They are printed clear and polished to a high
optical transparency. As they are long-term appliances, they must
have a low tendency to discolour with age and accumulate plaque.
– Flexible occlusal splint resins for occlusal guards and bleaching
trays need to polish easily and be comfortable to wear, as well as
have durability and, preferably, optical transparency.
– Digital denture resins require a good density with optimal flexural
strength, good gingival and dental coloration, a smooth finish and
a low tendency to discolour with age and accumulate plaque.
– Permanent intra-oral restorative resins must offer high strength,
accuracy and precise fit, multiple shades, low water sorption,
a smooth finish and a low tendency to discolour with age and
accumulate plaque.
The post-processing procedures that are mandated by the manufacturer add both time and cost to the printing procedure, and they
should be compared prior to material selection. The material price
range (per milligram or per millilitre) is part of the overall treatment
cost. This may vary from one market to another and from one supplier to the next, but affects the dentist’s bottom line nonetheless.
Fortunately, the typical material cost for 3D-printed procedures
is relatively low compared with the total treatment charge. Considering that the resin material cost for a 3D-printed restoration
represents 1–2% of the final fee to the patient, the dentist has
every reason to use the best available material in every case.
A happy patient makes for a happy dentist!

about
Dr George Freedman is a founder and
past president of the American Academy
of Cosmetic Dentistry, a co-founder
of the Canadian Academy for Esthetic
Dentistry, a regent and fellow of the
International Academy for Dental-Facial
Esthetics, and a diplomate and chair
of the American Board of Aesthetic
Dentistry. He is an adjunct professor
of dental medicine at Western University of Health Sciences
in Pomona in California in the US. He is the author of
14 textbooks, including Contemporary Esthetic Dentistry
(Elsevier, 2012), and over 900 dental articles.
Dr Freedman is an editor-in-chief of 3D printing and serves
on the editorial boards of Oral Health magazine and
Dental Asia. He is an internationally well-known lecturer
on 3D printing, aesthetic restorative materials, adhesion,
implants, veneers and dental technologies.

[39] =>

Next Generation Desktop
Dental 3D Printing Solutions
E230 LCD Printer
UOne DLP Printer

UOne Cure Machine

Denture Base

Crown & Bridges

Surgical Guide

uniontech3d.com

SCAN HERE FOR
A FREE SAMPLE PART

[40] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

DentaBASE

DentaFORM

DentaGUIDE

Manufacturer

Asiga

Asiga

Asiga

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .......................................... Pending. Due 2024

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................ n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................. UKCA, TGA, Health Canada

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

Pending. Due 2024

Non-medical device

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 US: ................................................................. Class I

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ............................................... Thermoforming

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

Material shades

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades: ..................................... Natural pink
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ......................................................... Cool gray

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

Price range (per ml or mg)

 US$250/kg

 US$125/kg

 US$175/kg

40 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[41] =>

buyer’s guide

DentalBT

DentaTOOTH

DentaTRAY

DentaTRY

Asiga

Asiga

Asiga

Asiga

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................. UKCA, TGA, Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .......................................... Pending. Due 2024

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................. UKCA, TGA, Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................. UKCA, TGA, Health Canada

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 US: ................................................................. Class I

Pending. Due 2024

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 US: ................................................................. Class I

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 US: ................................................................. Class I

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

 Dental shades: ........ 6 shades: A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ........................................................ Turquoise

 Dental shades: ........ 6 shades: A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3
 Gingival shades
 Other

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other:
Non-aggressive and non-abrasive dental cleaning products

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Check with specific printer manufacturers

 US$175/kg

 US$350/kg

 US$175/kg

 US$175/kg

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

41

[42] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

detax crown

detax denture

detax model pro

Manufacturer

detax

detax

detax

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................ Non-medical device

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

 Europe: ....................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................... Class II (510k)

 Europe: ....................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................... Class II (510k)

Non-medical device

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

Material shades

 Dental shades: .......................................... 8 shades
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades: ........................................ 2 shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ......................................................... 4 shades

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ................................................. 1,750 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ............ 115 MPa/3,500 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ... < 40 µg/mm3/< 7.5 µg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.3 g/cm³
Hardness: ..................................................... Barcol 50

Viscosity: ................................................. 1,300 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ............ 110 MPa/2,700 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ... < 32 µg/mm3/< 1.6 µg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................. Shore D 83

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,250 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ................ 80 MPa/2,300 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ........................................... n.a.
Density: ......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................. Shore D 83

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

Price range (per ml or mg)

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

42 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[43] =>

buyer’s guide

detax ortho

detax splint 2.0

detax splintmaster taff/flex

detax temp

detax

detax

detax

detax

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ........................................................ Worldwide

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: .................................................................. Class I

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: .................................................................. Class I

 Europe: ....................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................... Class II (510k)

 Europe: ....................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................... Class II (510k)

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: Repositioners, Night- and Mouthguards

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Clear

 Dental shades: ............................................. 3 shades
 Gingival shades
 Other:

Viscosity: .................................................. 1,100 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: .............. 75 MPa/1,650 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ...... < 32 µg/mm3/< 5 µg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................... Shore D 82

Viscosity: .................................................... 800 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: .............. 80 MPa/2,000 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ...... < 32 µg/mm3/< 5 µg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................... Shore D 83

Viscosity: ............... Taff: 1,250 mPa · s; Flex: 2,050 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: Tensile strain: 20%; Tensile strength: 40 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ........... < 32 µg/mm3/< 5 µg/mm3
Density: .......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................... Shore D 75

Viscosity: ................................................. 1,300 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ............ 100 MPa/2,300 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ... < 40 µg/mm3/< 7,5 µg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.1 g/cm³
Hardness: .................................................... Barcol 44

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

Washing with isopropyl alcohol and post curing.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Please check the latest list at www.DETAX.com.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

 F or price range, please contact
your local authorised DETAX dealer.

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

43

[44] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

Custom Tray Resin

Dental LT Clear Resin (V2)

Dental LT Comfort Resin

Manufacturer

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 US: ................................................................. Class I

 Europe: ....................................................... Class IIa
 US: ........................................................ Unclassified

 Europe: ........................................................ Class IIa
 US: ........................................................ Unclassified

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ................................................ Bleaching trays

Material shades

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ...................................... Translucent turquoise

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................... Clear

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: .............. > 100/> 2,600 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ................................... > 80D Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 84/2,300 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ...................................... 78D Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: .......................... 21/643 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ............................ 4/31 μg/mm3
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ....................................... 75D Shore Hardness

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ..... Chemical disinfection 70% isopropyl alcohol
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ..... Chemical disinfection 70% isopropyl alcohol
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ..... Chemical disinfection 70% isopropyl alcohol
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 2, Form 3B/+, Form 4B and Form 4BL

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 2, Form 3B/+, From 3BL, Form 4B and Form 4BL

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 3B/+, Form 4B and Form 4BL

Price range (per ml or mg)

 €0.249/ml

 €0.349/ml

 €0.429/ml

44 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[45] =>

buyer’s guide

Digital Dentures (Denture Base Resin
and Premium Teeth Resin)

IBT Flex Resin

Fast Model Resin

Precision Model Resin

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................................................... MDD

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.

 Europe: ........................................................ Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 North America: ................................................ Class I

Non-medical device

Non-medical device

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ... Trays for Direct Composite Restoration Guides

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Other: ................................ Models for thermoformed
............... appliances production or for fitment check

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ....................... Restorative and implant models

 Dental shades: ...................... 4 shades: A2, A3, B1, BL
 Gingival shades: ................... 4 shades: RP, LP, DP, OP
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ........................................ Translucent material

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Gray

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................. Tan

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ..................... 155/4,300 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: ......................................................... 1.23 g/cm3
Hardness: ....................................... 90D Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: .................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ................................ 77–80A Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ................... 74 MPa/1.96 GPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: .................... 68 MPa /1.7GPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ............................................................... n.a.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ..... Chemical disinfection 70% isopropyl alcohol
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 2, Form 3B/+ and Form 4B

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 3B/+, Form 3BL and Form 4B

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 4B and Form 4BL

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 4B and Form 4BL

 [ DB] €0.299/ml
 [PT] €0.540/ml

 €0.239/ml

 €0.099/ml

 €0.099/ml

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

45

[46] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

Premium Teeth Resin

Soft Tissue Starter Pack

Surgical Guide Resin

Manufacturer

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Formlabs Dental

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................ n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

 Europe: ........................................................ Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II

Non-medical device

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I
 North America: ................................................ Class I

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Other: ............ Temporary full-arch implant-supported
............................... restorations (all-on-X appliances)

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ... Gingiva mask for restorative and implant models

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

Material shades

 Dental shades: ... HT (High Translucency): A2, A3, B1, BL
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ... Customisable shades using provided Colour Kit

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ............................................................. Amber

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ............................................. 1,100 cP at 25 °C
Flexural strength/modulus: ..................... 155/4,300 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ...................... 1.1/36.2 μg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.23 g/cm3
Hardness: ..................................... 90D Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ....................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ..................................... 80A Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ................................................................ n.a.
Flexural strength/modulus: ............. > 102/> 2,400 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .................................................................. n.a.
Hardness: ....................................... 76D Shore Hardness

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ............................... Disinfected by soaking in
............................. 70% isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ..... Chemical disinfection 70% isopropyl alcohol
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 3B/+ and Form 4B

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 2, Form 3/+, Form 3B/+ and Form 4B

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 2, Form 3B/+, Form 3BL, Form 4B and Form 4BL

Price range (per ml or mg)

 €0.540/ml

 €0.256/ml

 €0.249/ml

46 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[47] =>

buyer’s guide

VarseoSmile TriniQ
(Formlabs Certified Material)

UltraPrint-Dental Model ES UV

NextDent Base

NextDent C&B MFH

Formlabs Dental/BEGO

Guangzhou HeyGears

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................ Health Canada

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ............................................................ NMPA

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................. Pending MDD/93/42/EC

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. MDD/93/42/EC

 Europe: ........................................................ Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II

 US: .................................................................. FDA I
 China: ........................................................... NMPA I

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: .................................................. Denture teeth

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ................... Fixed retainer, removable retainer

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: .............................. All types of denture bases

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ... Crowns, inlays, onlays, veneers, denture teeth

 Dental shades: ....................... 3 shades: A2, A3, B1
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades: .................................... 1 shade: ivory
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ...................................... 4 shades (LT, 5, 7, 10)

 Dental shades: .... 6 shades: BL, N1, N1.5, N2, N2.5, N3
 Gingival shades
 Other

Viscosity: .................................................. 3,300 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ................................ 120 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ........................... < 0.6 μg/mm3
Density: ......................................................... 1.29 g/cm3
Hardness: ................................... > 90D Shore Hardness

Viscosity: ..................................................... 200 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ................................ 27 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................................... n.a.
Density: .......................................................... 1.19 g/cm³
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ..................................................... 300 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ........................... 3/15 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ..................................................... 770 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: .............................. 170 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ........................... 6/54 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Refer to the online manufacturing guide.

n.a.

Follow supplied instructions for use by manufacturer
for necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing
and finishing)

Shake the bottle prior to printing. Clean parts for
5 minutes in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
Form 4B

 All printers
 Specific printers:
UltraCraft A3D, A2D Ortho, A2D, A2D 4K, Chairside Pro

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 €0.8/ml

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
Guangzhou HeyGears dealer.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

47

[48] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

NextDent Cast

NextDent CROWNTEC

NextDent Denture 3D+

Manufacturer

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)/Saremco

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. MDD/93/42/EC

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. MDD/93/42/EC

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

Non-medical device

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ............. Printing of all types of castable parts

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ... Crowns, inlays, onlays, veneers, denture teeth

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: .............. All types of removable denture bases

Material shades

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Blue

 Dental shades: .......... 5 shades: SW, A1, A2, A3, B1
 Gingival shades
 Other:

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: 6 shades (dark pink, light pink, opaque pink,
translucent pink, classic pink)

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ..................................................... 900 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ....................................... 2,500 – 6,000 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: .............. > 130/> 4,000 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................... 6/54 μg/mm3
Density: ........................................................... 1.4 g/cm3
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ..................................................... 500 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 84/2,383 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................... 3/32 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Shake the bottle prior to printing. Clean parts for
5 minutes in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: Nextdent 5100 Figure 4 (405 nm);
NextDent LCD1; Asiga MAX UV & PRO 4K (385 nm);
Rapid Shape D20 II, D30 II, D40 II, D10+,
D20+ cartridge, D20+, D30+ & D50+ (385 nm);
SprintRay K55 & K95 (405 nm); Phrozen Sonic XL 4K
& Sonic 4K; Accuretta Sol & Dentic (405 nm)

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

Price range (per ml or mg)

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

48 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[49] =>

buyer’s guide

NextDent Model 2.0

NextDent Ortho Flex

NextDent Ortho IBT

NextDent Ortho Rigid

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. MDD/93/42/EC

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other:

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. MDD/93/42/EC

Non-medical device

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa
 US: ................................................................. Class II

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I

 Europe: ......................................................... Class IIa

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other:

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: .............................................. Splints, retainers

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other:

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ............................................. Splints, retainers

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: .......................... 3 shades (white, gray, peach)

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Clear

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Clear

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Blue

Viscosity: ..................................................... 690 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ..................................................... 370 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: .......................... 3/15 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ..................................................... 500 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,100 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 78/2,025 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ...................... 0.8/20 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use for
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

49

[50] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

NextDent SG

NextDent Tray

NextDent Try-in

Manufacturer

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Vertex-Dental
(3D Systems company)

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other:

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other:

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other:

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I

 Europe: ........................................................... Class I

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: .................................. Printing of try-in devices

Material shades

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ........................................ Translucent orange

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ...................................... 2 shades (pink, blue)

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ...................................... 3 shades( TI0,TI1,TI2)

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,225 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 85/2,118 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,200 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 81/2,015 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,225 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ............................ 1,882 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use for
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

Follow supplied manufacturer instructions for use
necessary steps (cleaning, processing, post-curing and
finishing).

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

 All printers
 Specific printers: NextDent 5100 Figure 4,
NextDent LCD1

Price range (per ml or mg)

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

 F or prices, please contact your local authorised
NextDent reseller or NextDent.

50 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[51] =>

buyer’s guide

V-Print c&b temp

V-Print dentbase

V-Print model 2.0

V-Print SG

VOCO

VOCO

VOCO

VOCO

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

 Europe: .................................................. MD Class IIa
 North America: .............................................. Class II
 Middle East: .................................................... Class B

 Europe: ................................................... MD Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II
 Middle East: ................................................... Class B
 Asia Pacific: ................................................... Class B

Non-medical device

 Europe: ................................................... MD Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II
 Middle East: ................................................... Class B
 Asia Pacific: ................................................... Class B

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other: ................................................. Denture bases

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Dental shades: .... 6 shades: A1, A2, A3, A3.5, B1, BL
 Gingival shades
 Other

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Pink

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: .............................................................. Beige

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ..................................................... Transparent

Viscosity: .................................................. 2,800 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 132/4,417 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ................ 0.68/17.63 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: .......................................... 24.1 Vickers scale

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,700 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ..................... 90/2,450 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ...................... < 0.1/24 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,270 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 96/2.600 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: .......................................... n.a.
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ............................................. 19 Vickers scale

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,550 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ..................... 95/2,660 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ......................... 1.9/16 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other
 No

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

3D printing
2 2024

|

51

[52] =>

| buyer’s guide

3D resins

Material name

V-Print splint

V-Print splint comfort

V-Print tray

Manufacturer

VOCO

VOCO

VOCO

Certification

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

 US FDA
 USA FDA 510(k)
 MDR
 KFDA
 Other: .............................................. CE notified body

Device class according to respective
market regulations (e.g. EU Class I, IIa/b or III;
or US Class I, II or III)

 Europe: ................................................... MD Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II
 Middle East: ................................................... Class B
 Asia Pacific: ................................................... Class B

 Europe: .................................................. MD Class IIa
 North America: ............................................... Class II
 Middle East: ................................................... Class B
 Asia Pacific: ................................................... Class B

 Europe: ..................................................... MD Class I
 North America: ................................................ Class I
 Middle East: ................................................... Class A
 Asia Pacific: ................................................... Class A

Regions in which the material is available

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

 Africa
 Asia Pacific
 Europe
 Latin America
 Middle East
 North America

Material applications

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

 Temporary restorations
 Definitive restorations
 Models
 Surgical guides
 Occlusal splints
 Complete dentures
 Custom trays
 Indirect bonding trays
 Other

Material shades

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ..................................................... Transparent

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ..................................................... Transparent

 Dental shades
 Gingival shades
 Other: ................................................................ Blue

Mechanical properties

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,000 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ....................... 75/2,100 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ................... < 0.1/27.7 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,250 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ..................................... n.a.
Water solubility/sorption: ........................ 2.5/15 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Viscosity: ................................................... 1,500 mPa · s
Flexural strength/modulus: ...................... 100/2,720 MPa
Water solubility/sorption: ........................... 3/30 μg/mm3
Density: ..................................................................... n.a.
Hardness: ................................................................ n.a.

Can this material be sterilised?
If so, please specify the methods.

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ... Not necessary for printed splints, disinfected
......... using alcohol- or aldehyde-based disinfectants
 No

 Yes:
 Steam sterilisation (autoclaving)
 Gamma irradiation
 Electron beam irradiation
 Ethylene oxide sterilisation
 Other: ................................................................. n.a.
 No

Radiopacity if applicable (please provide
aluminium equivalent in mm Al)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

Are there any additional
pre- or post-printing requirements?
(please provide required steps)

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

Standard post-processing (wash and cure).

All compatible printers
(name the technology and the printer
model; e.g. LFS: Form 3B+ and Form 3BL)

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

 All printers
 Specific printers:
An up-to-date list of printing partners is available online.

Price range (per ml or mg)

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

 F or price range, please contact your local authorised
VOCO dealer.

52 3D printing
2 2024

This market overview does not claim to be complete. Status: November 2024.

[53] =>

dental-tribune.com

dtstudyclub.com

E-newsletter

For 20 years,, Dental Tribune
International has been at the
forefront of dental media, education,
and events, shaping the global
landscape of dental knowledge
dissemination. With a presence
in over 90 countries,
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Tribune International stands as
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network, connecting profesThe global voice in essential dental media
sionals and industry representatives across the globe. Our
commitment to providing
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community is unwavering. Since our
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a powerhouse.
Our integrated approach merges print,
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Together, Dental Tribune International and OEMUS MEDIA bring forth over
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innovation, quality, and service excellence.

Celebrating 20 years of

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Interview
Prof. Phoebus
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tendees can look
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News
The European
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has made sustainab
ility a central
EuroPerio10.
focus of

» page 4

EFP welcomes
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to EuroPerio1
0 in Copenhage
More
© Marina Datsenko/Shutter

than 130
to present on advancespeakers from over 30 countrie
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© d.ee_angelo/Shut

» page 6

terstock.com

Products
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» pages 17–20

“We aim to insp
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Holger Essig, chief
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An interview with

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THE GLOBAL DENTAL CE COMMUNITY

 Organised by
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 As dental profession
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With its wide
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at130 experts from
ists,
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dental
BioHorizons Camlog 10 look forward to at the
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Mr Essig, in 2018,
booth?
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We are offering
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TASTER 1 x PeriO
3 Oil for professio
OFFER 1 x Gingiva
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Fit for patients

studios and clinics
to use at home

30 €

Neither discolo
ration nor tongue
neither antibio
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tics nor cortiso
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nor taste
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PeriO3 Oil –
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the gentle alterna distortion,
for all patient
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groups including
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xidine.
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women and

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incl.
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T +49 30 820
www.hoffmann-d 09 90
ental.com

Find us at Booth

C3.08

© gfx_nazim – stock.adobe.com

Dental Tribune International

[54] =>

| industry news

Asiga continues to lead the industry
with world-class bio-resins
Asiga

Discover Asiga Denta series materials, industry-leading
resins for precision dental 3D printing. Engineered and
manufactured in Sydney in Australia, these resins deliver
exceptional results for every dental application. Whether
you desire aesthetics, mechanical strength, elasticity or
precision, Asiga has you covered. Elevate your laboratory
or practice with the reliable, high-performance quality of
Asiga Denta materials.

Asiga DentaGUIDE (Fig. 1)
Asiga DentaGUIDE is a rigid, clear, autoclavable, biocompatible material engineered for the fabrication of surgical
guides. Optimised for ultraviolet (385 nm) printers, Asiga
DentaGUIDE accurately realises glue channels, positioning windows and drilling holes, allowing clinicians
to place implants effectively, accurately and with ease.
Asiga DentaGUIDE can also be used for the fabrication of
gingivectomy guides and bone reduction guides.

Asiga DentaTRY (Fig. 2)
Asiga DentaTRY is a biocompatible material for the
3D printing of try-in dentures. The production of a try-in
denture is the first step in verifying that the digital denture design has an optimised fit and desired aesthetic
for the patient. Asiga DentaTRY is available in a range of
VITA shades and is easy to adjust by carving and adding wax

54 3D printing
2 2024

in the try-in phase, helping guide further design steps for
producing the perfect final denture. Asiga DentaTRY allows
clinicians to obtain patient approval prior to manufacturing
a complete denture and thereby reduce patient visits too.

Asiga DentaTRAY (Fig. 3)
Asiga DentaTRAY is an accurate, rigid and stable 3D-printing
material to aid in the reproduction of a patient’s anatomy.
Compatible with all types of impression materials,
Asiga DentaTRAY provides a precise and fast solution for
complex cases, facilitating the perfect impression.

Asiga DentaIBT (Fig. 4)
Asiga DentaIBT is a biocompatible material for manufacturing indirect bonding trays for the positioning of orthodontic
brackets accurately on the patient’s teeth. Asiga DentaIBT
is a clear material that allows ultraviolet transmission for
polymerisation of the brackets in place. The rubber-like
characteristic of Asiga DentaIBT provides a firm hold during
the bonding process and then flexibility when peeling away,
without tearing or discomfort to the patient.

Asiga DentaBASE (Fig. 5)
Asiga DentaBASE is used to produce the base of a
two-part denture in combination with 3D-printed denture

[55] =>

industry news

4

5

teeth, milled denture teeth or carded denture teeth.
Asiga DentaBASE has high strength and rigidity, ease
of finishing and excellent adhesion characteristics for
bonding to Asiga DentaTOOTH. Creating a comfortable
digital denture that meets patient needs begins with
Asiga DentaBASE.

Asiga DentaTOOTH (Fig. 6)
Asiga DentaTOOTH is a high-strength, high-wear and
stain-resistant 3D-printable resin for the fabrication of
denture teeth. When producing a two-part digital denture—
a separate base and teeth—3D printing denture teeth
is the ultimate way to create a highly detailed and customised smile. 3D printing offers advantages over milled

6

denture teeth and carded teeth, such as greater production and reduced time and costs.

Asiga Ultra (Fig. 7)
Predictable, reliable, smart—the multiple-award-winning
Asiga Ultra 3D printer is making waves with its native
desktop 4K-resolution printing capabilities. Featuring
Asiga Smart Positioning System layer monitoring technology, an open materials system and an auto-calibrating
LED, along with groundbreaking features such as infrared heating, touchless entry and transparent mode, the
Ultra is the world’s most advanced 3D printer.
Learn more at www.asiga.com.

3D printing
2 2024

7

|

55

[56] =>

| industry news

Introducing the HeyGears
UltraCraft A3D: Revolutionising
automation for dental laboratories
HeyGears
In today’s fast-paced dental technology landscape,
efficiency, precision and automation are critical. Recognising these needs, HeyGears developed the UltraCraft A3D,
a cutting-edge solution designed to digitalise dental
laboratory production. Tailored for fully automated and
intelligent operations, the UltraCraft A3D is not just a
3D printer; it is an advanced fabrication solution built to
handle large-scale, high-quality dental production with
minimal manual intervention.

Fully automated production
for dental laboratories
The UltraCraft A3D stands out in the dental industry with
its comprehensive automation features that boost productivity. Key among these is automatic full case layout,

56 3D printing
2 2024

which efficiently arranges multiple models in a single print
job, maximising the large build volume for complex prints
without constant monitoring. The intelligent model design
suite further streamlines production by automating tasks
like the trimming and fixing of models, generation of
sectioned models and addition of articulators and labels,
ensuring that each model is corrected, optimised and
ready for immediate use in dental procedures.

Automated resin refill and part removal
The UltraCraft A3D goes beyond traditional printing production by incorporating advanced automation features
that reduce the need for manual labour. Automated resin
refill is one such feature, ensuring a continuous supply of
resin without requiring constant oversight. This function

[57] =>

industry news

HeyGears’ UltraCraft A3D.

is particularly beneficial for large-scale production, where
interruptions can lead to significant delays. Alongside this,
the automated part removal feature allows for printed
parts to be automatically removed from the build platform,
streamlining post-processing and further reducing the
need for manual intervention.

Large-scale production
with unmatched efficiency

term stability, reducing maintenance needs and making
the UltraCraft A3D a reliable and cost-effective solution
for any dental laboratory. With these advantages, the
UltraCraft A3D sets a new standard for productivity and
reliability in the industry.
Visit the HeyGears website for more information: www.
heygears.com.
All images: © HeyGears

The UltraCraft A3D is designed for rapid, large-scale
production and is capable of fabricating six to eight highprecision full-arch models in just 47 minutes and up to
200 models in 24 hours, making it ideal for laboratories
needing both speed and accuracy. Its large build volume
accommodates complex prints, and its ability to operate unmanned for up to 12 hours overnight significantly
boosts productivity, allowing laboratories to maximise
output without constant supervision.

UltraPrint-Dental Model ES UV
The UltraPrint-Dental Model ES UV resin from HeyGears
revolutionises removable prosthesis fabrication by eliminating the need for silicone and plaster models. With a
single print, easy separation and no risk of breaking the
model, it simplifies the process and enhances efficiency,
making it a game changer in orthodontic production.
The UltraCraft A3D, combined with its compatible resins,
offers a range of innovative features that enhance efficiency, reduce costs and ensure consistent, high-quality
results. Its advanced printing methods minimise resin
usage and eliminate the need for supporting structures,
streamlining post-processing and saving valuable time.
The durable glass-bottom resin tray further ensures long-

HeyGears’ UltraPrint-Dental Model ES UV.

3D printing
2 2024

[58] =>

| industry news

Formlabs’ Form 4B: Redefining
dental 3D printing with blazing
speed and unmatched accuracy
Formlabs
Formlabs’ latest flagship resin printer, Form 4B, boasts
unprecedented speed and reliability for dental professionals, redefining the industry standard for additive
manufacturing in dentistry. With up to five times faster
printing speeds than its predecessor, Form 4B delivers
a throughput of a model a minute (11 models in 9 minutes)
while maintaining exceptional accuracy, quality and
ease of use, unlocking new productivity potential for
dental professionals.
Form 4B represents the next evolution in stereolithography 3D-printing technology, built upon years of groundbreaking innovations in hardware, software and materials
science. With unprecedented printing speeds, unrivalled
accuracy, unparalleled ease of use and the new Open
Material Mode, Form 4B takes the workflows of general
dentists, orthodontists and laboratories to the next level.

Unprecedented printing speeds
Speed is the primary pain point of dental professionals
working to tight timelines. With Formlabs’ proprietary
new Low Force Display printing engine and masked
stereolithography technology, Form 4B is fast. Form 4B’s

blazing speeds enable the printing of 11 dental models
in just 9 minutes, 12 surgical guides in 48 minutes, and
5 crowns and 5 bridges in 25 minutes.
Form 4B redefines dental workflows for chairside
3D printing and mass customisation in laboratories.
A tool that can print at the speed of a dental cleaning,
Form 4B empowers dentists to unlock chairside procedures.
Dental and orthodontic laboratories can reach new levels
of throughput with a 20% larger build platform that fits up
to 11 models and with fast printing speeds that enable
laboratories to print 400 models every 8 hours, for
maximised productivity.

Unrivalled accuracy
3D-printed dental appliances need to be precise to ensure
a perfect fit every time. Whether producing restorative
models with removable dies or implant analogues or
producing final restorations that need to look lifelike and
adapt perfectly, surface accuracy and fit are key.
Form 4B prints dental parts with an industry-leading
surface accuracy that is consistent across the build

[59] =>

industry news

platform for a perfect fit, every time. Form 4B’s light
processing unit, a high-resolution display module that
delivers a 50 µm XY resolution, achieves smooth surfaces
and fine features for premium, lifelike dental appliances.

Unparalleled ease of use
The full Formlabs ecosystem is designed to maximise efficiency and reduce the potential for printing errors. Form 4B
takes ease of use to the next level, simplifying the printer
set-up, monitoring and material changeover so that anyone
can go from novice to proficient user in 15 minutes.
Form 4B beta user Dr Christopher Baer of Baer Dental
said that with Form 4B he can print models in less than
10 minutes. “That means this is approaching the point
where models can be printed almost as fast as we can
scan a patient,” he explained. Plus, he noted: “Form 4B
is definitely more accurate, especially from the retainer
fit standpoint. Patients have preferred the fit of retainers
from Form 4B just because there’s a little bit more
anatomical contour.”

“Form 4B is definitely more
accurate, especially from the
retainer fit standpoint.”
—Dr Christopher Baer
Dr Baer appreciates the versatility Form 4B’s Open
Material Mode offers to those at the forefront of dentistry:
“That’s one of the things that I think is attractive, being
able to try new materials.”
For more information and to purchase Form 4B, visit
dental.formlabs.com.
All images: © Formlabs

In addition to its unmatched accuracy, the printer’s speed
enables improved patient care. Dr Baer said, “We could
essentially print a splint the same day for a patient by
the time they’re finishing with their cleaning visit, which
is ideal.”

Open Material Mode
Formlabs’ new Open Material Mode unlocks the freedom
to experiment, create and print with any 405 nm photopolymer resin on Form 4B. This provides dental professionals with full access to third-party materials, empowering them to explore endless new possibilities with the
Formlabs ecosystem.

3D printing
2 2024

[60] =>

| industry news

Imagoworks unveils AI-powered
automatic design update for
Dentbird Crown’s bridge and inlay
Imagoworks, a leading innovator in digital dental solutions
driven by artificial intelligence (AI), recently announced a major
update to its flagship product, Dentbird Crown. This web-based,
AI-powered dental CAD software is designed to maximise productivity and efficiency by significantly reducing manual processes in conventional prosthetic CAD workflows. Alongside this
advancement, Imagoworks has launched Dentbird Modeler, software designed to assist in creating physical models for 3D printing
based on oral or model scan data, allowing users to design, print
and attach models to articulators to physically verify prosthetic fit.
Part of the Dentbird Solutions suite, Dentbird Crown excels
in automated prosthetic design, offering groundbreaking
improvements in both accuracy and speed for clinical dental
procedures. This latest update introduces automatic design
features for bridges, inlays and onlays, expanding the range
of clinical applications, and the enhanced user-friendly interface improves ease of use. Additionally, Dentbird Crown now
supports a wider array of CAM and slicing software, providing dental professionals with more options for 3D-printing
and milling equipment and offering a smoother, more flexible
workflow. Key software integrations include MillBox, Asiga
Composer, GO2cam and CHITUBOX, enabling enhanced
flexibility and efficiency for milling and 3D-printing tasks.

AI-powered automatic design for bridges,
inlays and onlays
The highlight of the Dentbird Crown update is the expansion of treatment indications. Responding to the growing
demand for bridge and inlay prostheses from dental clinics and laboratories, Imagoworks has conducted extensive research and development to extend the design functions beyond single crowns. Dentbird Crown is now the
first AI-powered dental design solution to offer automated

60 3D printing
2 2024

design features for bridges and inlays, allowing dental professionals to manage a broader range of treatment cases.
The workflow for bridges and inlays follows the same intuitive process used for single crowns, employing additional
tools that cater to the specific needs of each prosthesis. For
bridges, users can customise the pontic base by selecting
from ridge lap, conical, hygienic or modified ridge lap designs and can choose from three connector shape options.
For inlays and onlays, the software automatically generates
a design that matches the tooth’s remaining structure with
only a few clicks, significantly speeding up the process compared with conventional dental CAD systems.

Expanded indications complete, next:
enhanced solution performance
With this update and the launch of new features, Imagoworks
continues to unleash the potential of AI in digital dentistry. The
company remains committed to leading AI-supported digital
dentistry globally through continuous innovation and advancements. Looking ahead, Imagoworks is already working on further updates to enhance AI capabilities, delivering even more
precise designs and improving solution stability to boost user
satisfaction. Additional improvements to existing products, like
Dentbird Batch, will refine the overall user experience.
An Imagoworks spokesperson commented, “This significant update,
which introduces bridge and inlay design capabilities, is expected
to greatly benefit clinical professionals by making the solution more
versatile across diverse settings. We will continue to gather feedback from global users and remain focused on advancing our offerings and providing educational support to expand our market reach.”
For more information, visit dentbird.com.

[61] =>

[62] =>

| meetings

Formnext to showcase technological
innovations in additive manufacturing
Attractive business opportunities
with 3D-printed drilling guides and aligners
Formnext
Few other industries have used additive manufacturing (AM)
as successfully and for as long as the dental industry has.
Bridges and crowns have been 3D-printed for more
than 20 years now, but a great deal has happened in
the meantime and the systems, processes and materials

62

involved have advanced significantly, expanding the
applications. Recently, the production of millions of
aligners (directly or indirectly using 3D printing) has clearly
underlined the importance and vast potential of AM for
the dental industry.

[63] =>

meetings

It comes as no surprise that the dental market is one of the
most important user industries for AM. The Hamburg-based
consulting and market research company AMPOWER
estimates that around 10% of the production equipment
for industrial 3D printing sold worldwide in 2023 was used
in the dental market.1 As some AM systems become less
expensive, impressive results can be achieved with lower
investments. These developments open up enormous
opportunities for suppliers and dental laboratories.
This sustained growth is also evident from the use of AM
in an increasing number of general dentistry and orthodontic practices. 3D-printed drilling guides, bite splints,
custom-made impression trays and dental models are
a few examples of applications. Using 3D printing to make
crowns and bridges is well established, and new applications are added every year; for example, the use of
ceramics has opened up another range of applications.
Just recently, a patient at the Kepler university hospital in
Linz in Austria received a 3D-printed ceramic subperiosteal implant. This novel approach may eliminate the need
for bone augmentation procedures and significantly
reduce the healing time. Another new and exciting area
of growth is the 3D printing of removable dentures.
1

AMPOWER: https://ampower.eu/knowledge

Important user knowledge at Formnext
The way in which AM has taken the dental industry by storm
also relates to how the technology is able to leverage its full
potential in this field. The components involved are generally
small, complex and tailored to individual patients. However, in
order to make effective use of this technology, it is necessary to
have an overview of technological developments, the production
process and the latest applications. The right design and a
shrewd selection of materials and technology are essential.
Formnext, the world’s premiere exhibition in AM and industrial 3D printing, offers an excellent overview of current and
future possibilities. On 19–22 November, leading international
companies will showcase the latest developments at the
2024 show in Frankfurt am Main in Germany. These innovations
will include a number of solutions specifically designed for
the dental industry. Formnext also offers valuable knowledge
through its conference programme, which is open to all attendees and discusses new applications and technologies,
including those relevant to the dental industry.
For more information and to plan your visit, visit
www.formnext.com/expo.
All images: © Formnext

[64] =>

| meetings

International events

CEDE 2024

São Paulo International
Dental Meeting—CIOSP

7–9 November 2024
Łódź, Poland
www.cede.pl/en

22–25 January 2025
São Paulo, Brazil
www.ciosp.com.br

CAD/CAM Digital
& Oral Facial Aesthetics
37th Int’l Dental
ConfEx

AEEDC 2025

15–16 November 2024
Dubai, UAE
www.cappmea.com/confex2024

4–6 February 2025
Dubai, UAE
www.aeedc.com

19–22 November 2024
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
www.formnext.mesago.com/
frankfurt/en.html

64 3D printing
2 2024

160th Chicago Dental Society
Midwinter Meeting
20–22 February 2025
Chicago, US
www.cds.org/midwinter-meeting

ADF 2024

ICOI Winter Implant
Symposium

26–30 November 2024
Paris, France
www.adfcongres.com

20–22 February 2025
New Orleans, US
www.icoicampus.org

Greater New York
Dental Meeting 2024

International Dental Show—
IDS 2025

1–4 December 2024
New York, US
www.gnydm.com

25–29 March 2025
Cologne, Germany
www.english.ids-cologne.de

© 06photo/Shutterstock.com

Formnext

[65] =>

|
© 32 pixels/Shutterstock.com

submission guidelines

How to send us your work
Please note that all the textual components of your submission must be combined into one MS Word document.
Please do not submit multiple files for
each of these items:
· the complete article;
· all the image (tables, charts, photographs, etc.) captions;
· the complete list of sources consulted
and
· the author or contact information
(biographical sketch, mailing address,
e-mail address, etc.).
In addition, images must not be embedded into the MS Word document. All images must be submitted separately, and
details about such submission follow below under image requirements.

Text length
Article lengths can vary greatly—from
1,500 to 5,500 words—depending on
the subject matter. Our approach is that
if you need more or fewer words to do the
topic justice, then please make the article
as long or as short as necessary.
We can run an unusually long article in
multiple parts, but this usually entails
a topic for which each part can stand
alone because it contains so much information.
In short, we do not want to limit you in
terms of article length, so please use the
word count above as a general guideline
and if you have specific questions, please
do not hesitate to contact us.

Text formatting

Please use single spacing and make sure
that the text is left justified. Please do not
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Should you require a special layout,
please let the word processing programme you are using help you do this
formatting automatically. Similarly, should
you need to make a list, or add footnotes
or endnotes, please let the word processing programme do it for you automatically.
There are menus in every programme that
will enable you to do so. The fact is that
no matter how carefully done, errors can
creep in when you try to number footnotes
yourself.

Larger image files are always better, and
those approximately the size of 1 MB
are best. Thus, do not size large image
files down to meet our requirements
but send us the largest files available.
(The larger the starting image is in terms
of bytes, the more leeway the designer
has for resizing the image in order to fill
up more space should there be room
available.)
Also, please remember that images
must not be embedded into the body of
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submitted separately to the textual submission.
You may submit images via e-mail
or share the files in our cloud storage
(please contact us for the link).

Any formatting contrary to stated above
will require us to remove such formatting
before layout, which is very time-consuming. Please consider this when formatting
your document.

Please also send us a head shot of yourself that is in accordance with the requirements stated above so that it can
be printed with your article.

Image requirements

Abstracts

Please number images consecutively
throughout the article by using a new
number for each image. If it is imperative
that certain images are grouped together,
then use lowercase letters to designate
these in a group (for example, 2a, 2b, 2c).

An abstract of your article is not required.

Please place image references in your
article wherever they are appropriate,
whether in the middle or at the end of a
sentence. If you do not directly refer to the
image, place the reference at the end of
the sentence to which it relates enclosed
within brackets and before the period.

Author or contact information
The author’s contact information and a
head shot of the author are included at
the end of every article. Please note the
exact information you would like to appear in this section and format it according to the requirements stated above. A
short biographical sketch may precede
the contact information if you provide us
with the necessary information (60 words
or less).

In addition, please note:
We also ask that you forego any special
formatting beyond the use of italics and
boldface. If you would like to emphasise
certain words within the text, please only
use italics (do not use underlining or a
larger font size). Boldface is reserved for
article headers. Please do not use underlining.

· We require images in TIF or JPEG format.
· These images must be no smaller than
6 x 6 cm in size at 300 DPI.
· These image files must be no smaller
than 80 KB in size (or they will print the
size of a postage stamp!).

Questions?
Magda Wojtkiewicz
(Managing Editor)
m.wojtkiewicz@dental-tribune.com

3D printing
2 2024

65

[66] =>

| international imprint

3D printing
international magazine of dental printing technology
Imprint
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Torsten R. Oemus
t.oemus@dental-tribune.com
Editor-in-Chief
Dr George Freedman
Managing Editor
Magda Wojtkiewicz
m.wojtkiewicz@dental-tribune.com
Designer
Franziska Schmid
Copy Editors
Sabrina Raaff
Ann-Katrin Paulick
Editorial Board
Dr Joel Berg (USA)
Dr Florin Lazarescu (Romania)
Dr Robert Lowe (USA)
Prof. Edward Lynch (UK)
Dr Masashi Miyazaki (Japan)
Dr Dobrila Nesic (Switzerland)
Dr Paola Ochoa (Peru)
Dr Elisa Praderi (Uruguay)
Dr Walter Renne (USA)
Dr Lakshman Samarayanake (UAE)
Dr Jeffrey Stansbury (USA)
Prof. Jon Suzuki (USA)
Dr Pirkko-Liisa Tarvonen (Finland)
Dr Akimasa Tsujimoto (Japan)
Dr Sergio Valverde (Peru)
Official publication of:

International Administration

International Headquarters

Chief Financial Officer
Dan Wunderlich

Dental Tribune International GmbH
Holbeinstr. 29, 04229 Leipzig, Germany
Phone: +49 341 48474-302
Fax: +49 341 48474-173

Chief Content Officer
Claudia Duschek
Clinical Editors
Nathalie Schüller
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Editors
Franziska Beier
Jeremy Booth
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Fraser Macdonald
Iveta Ramonaite

General requests: info@dental-tribune.com
Sales requests: mediasales@dental-tribune.com
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Silber Druck GmbH & Co. KG
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Gernot Meyer
Advertising Disposition
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Art Director
Alexander Jahn

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Copyright Regulations
All rights reserved. © 2024 Dental Tribune International GmbH. Reproduction in any manner in any language, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of Dental Tribune International GmbH
is expressly prohibited.
Dental Tribune International GmbH makes every effort to report clinical information and manufacturers’ product news accurately but cannot assume responsibility for the validity of product claims or for
typographical errors. The publisher also does not assume responsibility for product names, claims or statements made by advertisers. Opinions expressed by authors are their own and may not reflect
those of Dental Tribune International GmbH.

66 3D printing
2 2024

[67] =>

Things you should not shake!

V-PRINT PRINTING MATERIALS:
ALWAYS OPTIMALLY HOMOGENEOUS
• No need to be shaken – you define the timing of your workflow
• Process reliability – product properties are reliably achieved, again and again
• Efficient – safe money and time for homogenisation devices, print securely even overnight

TRUSTED
PARTNER

All print partner can be found here www.voco.dental/3dprintingpartners

VOCO GmbH · Anton-Flettner-Straße 1-3 · 27472 Cuxhaven · Germany · Freecall 00 800 44 444 555 · www.voco.dental

V-Print

®

[68] =>

Form 4B
Blazing Speed Meets
Unmatched Accuracy

Print 11 models* in
nine minutes
*Models printed using
Fast Model Resin

Get In Touch

US +1 617 702 8476

EU +49 3091734306

Find a reseller in your region:

sales@formlabs.com

dental.formlabs.com/eu

formlabs.com/find-a-reseller

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[cover] => 3D printing international No. 2, 2024

Table of contents

[toc_titles] =>

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