DT Asia Pacific No. 3, 2019
Simple exercise found to improve oral function in the elderly / Asia Pacific News / World News / Interview – “Innvoation backed by science”
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DENTALTRIBUNE
The World’s Dental Newspaper · Asia Pacific Edition
Published in Hong Kong
www.dental-tribune.asia
NOT GENETIC MAKE-UP
Results of the first twin study found
that environmental factors, such as
lack of fluoride in water, seem to be
the prime cause of cavities not genetic make-up.
” Page 03
Vol. 18, No. 03
FREE DENTAL CARE
USE OF ANTIBIOTIC
Child Poverty Action Group in New
Zealand recommended to achieve
free universal healthcare, including
dentistry, prescriptions and specialist hearing and vision care, for
all youth.
” Page 06
Recent study has found that the
prophylactic use of antibiotic has
no influence on the prevalence of
post-surgical dental implant complications in overall healthy patients.
” Page 09
Simple exercise found to improve oral
function in the elderly
By DTI
SEOUL, South Korea: Older adults
frequently experience decreased
salivation and xerostomia, which
may lead to oral soft-tissue disease,
dental caries, periodontal disease
and oral candidiasis. Although masticatory and swallowing functions
are closely linked to overall health,
nutritional status and quality of
life, chemical agents used to treat
dry mouth may cause side effects
and often require a prescription. In
a new study, researchers have improved oral function in the elderly
by performing a simple oral stretching and exercise technique.
Researchers have developed a 2-minute-long simple oral exercise that improved
mastication, salivation and swallowing function in the elderly people in their
study. (Photograph: Photographee.eu/Shutterstock)
According to the researchers,
conventional oral exercises performed in previous studies were
impractical for continuous use in
the elderly owing to the extended
Food additive used in toothpaste
and chewing gum may have
negative impact on health
duration needed for positive treatment outcomes. The present study
used a simple oral exercise (SOE),
which included lip stretching, tongue
stretching, cheek stretching, masticatory muscle exercise and swallowing movements to reduce performance time and to determine
the short-term effects of the SOE.
In the course of the study, 84
participants aged 65 years and older
performed the SOE twice a day for
one week after receiving instructions
from a trained dental hygienist. The
researchers evaluated the participants’ masticatory performance by
using the mixing ability index (MAI).
Additionally, they assessed the unstimulated saliva and the moisture
levels of the tongue and buccal mucosa and performed the repetitive
saliva swallowing test. On the basis
of each of these four measurements,
participants were dichotomised into
two groups with good and poor oral
health conditions.
The data showed that the mean
MAI increased by 6 per cent immediately after the intervention and
by 16 per cent in the poor-chewing
group. Similarly, the amount of unstimulated saliva increased by
0.1 ml/min immediately after the
SOE and by 29 per cent in the
poor-salivation group. The degree
of tongue moisture increased by
3 per cent and was maintained, according to the researchers. In the
poor-swallowing group, 25 per cent
and 40 per cent of the participants
were upgraded to the good-swallowing group immediately after
the intervention, as well as after
one week of intervention, respectively. Finally, the participants experienced less discomfort as their
oral function improved.
The study, titled “Improvements
in oral functions of elderly after
simple oral exercise”, was published
online on 16 May 2019 in Clinical
Interventions in Aging.
AD
By DTI
SYDNEY, Australia: Nanoparticles of
the common food additive titanium
dioxide (E171), which is found in
more than 900 food products, including chewing gum, as well as in
some medicines and toothpastes,
may have a negative impact on
human health, according to a recent study. The results of the study
have prompted experts to call for
better regulations and more discussion around the topic of food
additives.
Conducted by researchers from
the University of Sydney, the study
showed that E171 has an impact on
gut microbiota and impairs some
of its functions. This could cause
inflammatory bowel diseases or
colorectal cancer. Co-lead author
Dr Wojciech Chrzanowski, an associate professor at the University of
Sydney Nano Institute, said: “There
is increasing evidence that continuous exposure to nanoparticles has
an impact on gut microbiota composition, and since gut microbiota
is a gatekeeper of our health, any
changes to its function have an influence on overall health.”
In 2017, French environmental
association Agir pour l’Environnement studied the composition of
408 toothpastes and found E171 in
271 dental pastes, 25 bio-toothpastes
and 29 toothpastes for children.
Now, after ANSES, the French agency
for food, environmental and occupational health and safety, released
an analysis of 25 new studies on
E171’s toxicity, concluding there was
a lack of scientific data on its harmfulness but recommending the use
of known alternatives, the French
government plans to ban the use
of the additive altogether from 2020.
According to the authors of the
Australian study, increasing rates
of dementia, autoimmune diseases,
cancer metastasis, eczema, asthma
and autism are among a growing
list of diseases that have been linked
to soaring exposure to E171 nanoparticles. Speaking about the results
and what it means for the Austra-
lian government, the researchers
said that E171 consumption should
be better regulated by food authorities.
The study, titled “Impact of the
food additive titanium dioxide
(E171) on gut microbiota–host interaction”, was published on 14
May 2019 in Frontiers in Nutrition.
Distinguished by innovation
A new Australian study has found
that nanoparticles of the food
additive titanium dioxide, which is
found in products such as toothpaste
and chewing gum, may have a
negative impact on human health.
(Photograph: DUSAN ZIDAR/
Shutterstock)
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02
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
Review links protruding teeth to
long-term oral health risks
By DTI
ADELAIDE, Australia: A new systematic review has reported that children with protruding primary or
early permanent teeth have an increased chance of damaging them.
However, the researchers affirmed
that the oral health risks linked to
protruding teeth can be significantly reduced without entailing
prohibitive costs.
The review, undertaken at the
University of Adelaide, included
41 studies and more than 50,000
children aged under 19 years and
confirmed a direct link between
the degree to which a young patient’s teeth protrude and the probabilit y of damaging them.
“Traumatic dental injuries have
been identified as the fifth most
prevalent disease or injury globally and their subsequent management is costly,” said Dr Esma
Doğramacı, lecturer in orthodontics in the Faculty of Health and
Medical Sciences at the University
of Adelaide Dental School. “While
the number of traumatic dental
injuries have fallen over recent decades, they have significant physical, psychological and economic
consequences,” she added. “Young
children up to the age of 6 years
with teeth that stick out more than
3 mm have over three times higher
chance of trauma than children
without protruding teeth. Children
over 6 years with teeth that protrude more than 5 mm have over
double the chance of trauma.”
According to Doğramacı, corrective orthodontic treatment of
children’s teeth is not usually undertaken until all permanent teeth
have erupted, usually after the age
Researchers have recently established in a systematic review that children with teeth that protrude more than 3 mm have more than double the chance of dental
trauma. (Photograph: Evgeniy Kalinovskiy/Shutterstock)
of 12 years. However, an expensive
visit to an orthodontist is not essential to protect protruding teeth,
she said. “A dentist can easily measure how far a child’s teeth stick
out and recommend whether they
should be fitted with a brace. They
can apply simple braces which can
reduce the prominence of protruding teeth and significantly reduce
the chance of them being damaged,”
explained Doğramacı.
In order to protect protruding
teeth from damage, Doğramacı
recommends discouraging children from sucking their thumb
and suggests they wear a mouth
guard. “Early identification and
protection of protruding teeth
through regular dental check-ups
reduces the chance of early problems becoming long-term dental
issues,” she commented. “If young
teeth are broken or knocked out,
long-term issues may occur, like
the need for root canal treatment
or even tooth loss, requiring a lifetime commitment for general dental treatment.”
“Also, if orthodontic treatment
is carried out on teeth that have
previously suffered from trauma,
further complications can occur
during orthodontics that could lead
to the loss of those teeth,” she added.
“The results of this study confirm
that regular check-ups, particularly
for children, are a must for good
long-term dental health.”
The study, titled “The association
of overjet size and traumatic dental injuries—A systematic review
and meta-analysis”, was published
online on 6 May 2019 in Dental
Traumatology, ahead of inclusion
in an issue.
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03
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
Study finds genetic make-up has little
impact on oral health
By DTI
MELBOURNE, Australia: The idea
that oral health comes down to
genetics can be a damaging one.
According to authors of a recent
study, which followed the oral
health of twins from birth to age
6, there is no link, and the idea
that there is can prevent people
from changing their damaging
oral health habits.
cians and other health professionals to educate children to
start preventive measures early
in life, prior to the onset of damage to dental tissues,” concluded
Silva.
The study, titled “Genetic and earlylife environmental influences on
dental caries risk: A twin study”,
was published in the May 2019 issue
of Pediatrics.
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Led by Dr Mihiri Silva from the
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, the study followed 173 sets
of twins, identical and non-identical. “How genetics impacts on
dental health has not often been
studied. This is the first twin study
that looks at both genetics and
early life risk factors, such as illness and lifestyle.”
High-quality composites for esthetic anterior and posterior restorations
A new study has shown child oral
health to be related to lack of
fluoride, the mother’s health during
pregnancy and other factors, but not
genetics. (Photograph: Fab_1/
Shutterstock)
According to Silva, the study’s
results found that identical twins—
with identical genomes—had varying degrees of dental caries. “This
means that environmental factors,
like a lack of fluoride in water,
seem to be the prime cause of cavities not genetic make-up,” she
explained.
Another concerning result to
come out of the study was the estimation that one in three Australian children have caries by the time
they start school. With the 2011 Victorian Department of Health and
Human Services statistics showing
that more than 26,000 Australians
under the age of 15 are admitted to
hospital to treat caries every year,
the estimation may not be too far
off.
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Despite genetics not playing a
role in oral health, the study did
reveal a link between the mother’s
health and lifestyle during pregnancy and the child’s future dental
health, with obesity in pregnancy
a definite marker for increased risk
of childhood caries. “Perhaps the
mother’s weight has a biological
influence on the developing foetus
or perhaps the risk of decay rises
because of increased sugar consumption in that household,” hypothesised Silva.
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[4] =>
04
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
Fluoride reduces dental risk from minimal
and extended breastfeeding, study says
By DTI
ADELAIDE, Australia: A recent study
has examined the interaction between fluoridated water consump-
tion and breastfeeding duration
in relation to dental caries experience. The findings suggest that
exposing children to fluoridated
water may reduce the risk of dental caries.
According to a report published
in the Oral health and dental care
in Australia: key facts and figures,
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A new study has reported dental and
general health benefits of
breastfeeding and water
fluoridation. (Photograph: Evgeny
Atamanenko/Shutterstock)
in 2010, 55 per cent of 6-year-olds
had experienced dental caries in
their primary teeth. The new research looked at dental caries in 5and 6-year-olds in Australia and
examined whether they had been
exposed to fluoridated water or
breastfed as infants and for what
duration. The study used data collected in one of the largest and most
comprehensive population-based
studies of child oral health in Australia, the National Child Oral Health
Study 2012–14.
Stay informed
on the latest news
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The findings indicated that
breastfeeding for over a month and
up to 24 months was associated with
good oral health. Minimal breastfeeding, which includes no breastfeeding or breastfeeding for less than
one month, however, and extended
breastfeeding beyond 24 months
were both linked to increased dental cavities. However, these effects
were lessened if children were exposed to fluoridated water.
“Breastfeeding is important not
only for general health but also for
the dental health of young children,” said senior author Dr Loc
Giang Do, a professor in the Faculty
of Health and Medical Science at
the University of Adelaide’s Australian Research Centre for Population
Oral Health. “Minimal breastfeeding can increase risk for having
dental decay in children, as can
sustained breastfeeding beyond 24
months,” he added. “However, potential risk can be reduced by drinking fluoridated water in formula or
ensuring that breastfed children
are given fluoridated water to drink
after the age of 6 months.”
According to Do, in fluoridated
areas, breastfeeding can be recommended beyond the age of 24 months,
while in non-fluoridated areas, breastfeeding for up to 24 months is recommended not only for child general health and development but
also for child dental health. “The use
of fluoridated tap water should be
recommended for young children,”
Do commented and added that the
dental profession should support
and even encourage mothers of infants to breastfeed.
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06
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
CPAG calls for free dental care and
healthcare for all youth
By DTI
AUCKLAND, New Zealand: Early childhood dental caries is the most common chronic disease seen in children
and a leading cause of hospital admissions for New Zealand children.
The Child Poverty Action Group
(CPAG) is attempting to tackle the
issue by calling for free universal
healthcare, including dentistry, pre-
scriptions and specialist hearing and
vision care, for all children and adolescents younger than 18 years of age.
AD
PRINT
In the group’s submission to the
New Zealand Health and Disability
System Review, CPAG stated that
universal healthcare for children
should begin before they are born
and should include free general
practitioner (GP) visits and pregnancy-related dental care for expectant mothers. The group is also
asking for more school-based initiatives and has urged the government to expand health and mental
health services, to appoint more
school social workers, to provide
school lunches and to tax sugar-sweetened beverages.
EVENTS
SERVICES
EDUCATION
DIGITAL
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In a recent submission, the Child
Poverty Action Group has
recommended taking immediate
steps to achieve free dental care and
healthcare for all young people
under 18 years. (Photograph:
pikselstock/Shutterstock)
“Research shows that adolescence is one of two periods that are
critically important for social and
physical development, the other
being preconception to 3 years of
age,” said paediatrician and CPAG
children’s health spokesperson Prof.
Innes Asher. “It is vital that all our
teenagers can easily access appropriate and timely primary healthcare. Their health and futures should
not have to rely on their families’
ability to afford healthcare, as is
currently the case.”
According to the group, children living in poverty are at a
higher risk of falling ill and dying
compared with other children. That
is why CPAG’s recommendations
are designed to help achieve not
only healthcare access equity but
also health equity for all young
people. “Primary care and public
health is where our focus needs to
start. Significant long-standing
underfunding in these areas is one
reason that too many of our children are ending up hospitalised
unnecessarily,” said CPAG public
health spokesperson Dr Nikki
Turner, an associate professor and
Director of the Immunisation Advisory Centre at the University of
Auckland.
Currently, free GP visits in New
Zealand are available to children
aged 13 and under. Pregnant women
are entitled to free maternity services but not to free GP visits or
pregnancy-related dental care.
[7] =>
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
07
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Eating disorders—Oral health professionals
have role in early identification
By DTI
SYDNEY, Australia: Eating disorders
and disordered eating together are
estimated to affect over 16 per cent
of the Australian population, according to the National Eating Disorders Collaboration (NEDC). The
Australian Dental Association (ADA)
and the NEDC have collaborated in
order to spread awareness about
eating disorders and their identification and assessment and to encourage referral among oral health
professionals.
Intra-oral manifestations of nutritional deficiency present early in
the clinical course of an eating disorder, and general tooth erosion
can take approximately two years
to appear. Swelling around the
cheeks or jaw or bad breath can be
physical warning signs of frequent
vomiting. The ability of the oral
health practitioner to recognise the
subtle changes in the mouth of a
patient is central to identifying
early indicators of an eating disorder as early as possible.
The NEDC first partnered with
the ADA New South Wales (NSW),
as part of a combined project, where
ADA NSW undertook a focus group
of some of their members to understand their perspective on eating disorders, including how to ap-
The feedback of this focus group
resulted in the development of
e-learning resources and provided
significant progress in identifying
the gaps that exist in the knowledge
and identification of eating disorders and practices for a standard
approach to care for patients with
an eating disorder.
When contacted by Dental Tribune International, the NEDC explained that working with the ADA
in some way to create awareness of
the oral health practitioner’s position in the identification, treatment
and management of an eating disorder was important and was the
perfect partner to promote this
cause.
Early intervention is critical for
a patient with an eating disorder. The
sooner treatment occurs, the better
chance the individual has of recovery. Consequently, the oral health
practitioner is uniquely positioned
as one of the first healthcare providers consulted by an individual demonstrating disordered eating behaviour.
According to the National Practice Standards for Eating Disorders,
a document drawn up by the NEDC,
dental professionals fall into the
group of early identifiers and initial
responders. They are defined as follows: “Early identifiers have a duty
of care for the well-being of people
in high-risk groups for eating disorders and who are most likely to
act as the first point of contact for
people with eating disorders and
their families. The role of early identifiers is to proactively engage people at risk to promote prevention
and early help seeking.”
proach a patient living with an eating disorder.
The NEDC believes that as an
organisation the ADA shares similar values to that of the NEDC. With
a focus on collaboration, professionalism, integrity and respect,
the NEDC felt that these values
aligned with their own.
Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions which have a significant and underestimated impact on Australian
society. (Photograph: NEDC and ADA/Shutterstock)
It is the goal of the NEDC to work
collaboratively across the sector to
provide better outcomes for all Australians living with an eating disorder, through the sharing and development of evidence-based, nationally consistent information and
standards.
Researchers recruit Pasifika
adolescents for oral health study
By DTI
DUNEDIN, New Zealand: The multicultural element of New Zealand
society is something that brings
with it many positives, but it can
also create certain barriers for
some groups. Among these many
cultures, the Pacific Islanders make
up a large proportion of the society, and in a new study, researchers from the University of Otago
in Dunedin recruited Pasifika adolescents to interview groups of
their peers about their understanding and experiences of oral
healthcare and their attitudes towards it.
Despite dental care being free
for all New Zealanders under 18, research shows that Pasifika adolescents living in New Zealand are less
In a new study, researchers have gone straight to the source to find out why adolescents from the Pacific Islands living in
New Zealand are less likely to visit the dentist than their peers of other ethnicities. (Photograph: AsiaTravel/Shutterstock)
likely than their peers of other ethnicities to access it. In the first study
of its kind, the researchers decided
to source information directly from
the group of interest in order to understand more accurately why this
might be and what some of the most
significant issues are.
According to the study, 17 Pasifika adolescents from four cities in
various parts of New Zealand facilitated focus groups with 59 of their
Pasifika peers. From the data collected, the researchers then conducted an inductive thematic analysis, and the paper focused on one
central theme that emerged: the
participants’ suggestions for increasing access to oral healthcare. Suggestions included reducing the cost
of oral healthcare and oral health
products; making access to clinics
easier, including having transport
arranged or having dentists visit
schools; making the clinical environment more welcoming and youthfriendly; and having more approachable, younger and Pasifika or Maori
oral health professionals working in
the dental profession.
“Policymakers should look at
implementing at least some of these
suggestions for change, or at least
treating them as a conversation
starter on how to address the inequities in Pasifika adolescents’ oral
healthcare access,” said lead author
Dr Lee Smith, a research fellow in
the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Otago.
Other recommendations dealt
with increasing the emphasis placed
on oral health in Pasifika families
and communities through education, for example, by means of pamphlet drops in churches and advertising on visual and social media.
It was suggested that this may be
more effective in Pasifika languages.
The study, titled “Pasifika adolescents’ recommendations for increasing access to oral health care”, was
published in the March 2019 issue of
the New Zealand Dental Journal.
[8] =>
08
ASIA PACIFIC NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
Mandible helps to uncover history of
civilisations in Tibet
By DTI
The fossil, originally discovered in
1980 by a local monk, was eventually passed on to Lanzhou University, and in 2010, researchers Prof.
Fahu Chen and Dr Dongju Zhang
began studying the cave site where
the fossil had been found
Virtual reconstruction of the Xiahe mandible, after digital removal of the adhering carbonate crust. The mandible is so well preserved that it allows for a virtual reconstruction of the two sides of the mandible. (Photograph: Jean-Jacques Hublin)
LANZHOU, China: The journey that
Homo sapiens has embarked on is
something that has enthralled modern scientists for many centuries.
Now, as technology continually improves, more understanding is being
gained and new discoveries are coming to the surface. Recently, researchers revealed that a sister group of
Neanderthals, the Denisovans, occupied the Tibetan Plateau long before
Homo sapiens arrived in the region.
This discovery was made through
the analysis of a 160,000-year-old
hominin mandible.
“Traces of Denisovan DNA are
found in present-day Asian, Aus-
tralian, and Melanesian populations, suggesting that these ancient
hominins may have once been
widespread,” said Prof. Jean-Jacques
Hublin, Director of the Department
of Human Evolution at the Max
Planck Institute for Evolutionary
Anthropology (MPI-EVA) in Leipzig
in Germany and one of the paper’s
In 2016, Lanzhou University
initiated a collaboration with the
Department of Human Evolution
at the MPI-EVA and since then they
have been jointly analysing the fossil. According to the researchers,
DNA was not able to be recovered
from the mandible itself but rather
from one of the molars, which they
examined by means of ancient protein analysis. From that analysis,
the team found that the mandible
came from a member of a Denisovan group from Siberia—something
that confirms Denisovans had already been living in the high-altitude setting significantly prior to
the appearance of Homo sapiens.
co-authors. “Yet, so far, the only fossils representing this ancient hominin group were identified at Denisova Cave.”
With continued research and
analysis planned for the future, the
team now hope that the lower jaw
can aid in piecing together the puzzle of what Denisovans looked like.
In their study, the researchers
examined a mandible that was found
on the Tibetan Plateau in Baishiya
Karst Cave in Xiahe County in China.
The study, titled “A late Middle
Pleistocene Denisovan mandible
from the Tibetan Plateau”, was published on 1 May 2019 in Nature..
ADA will continue its push for affordable
dental care after Australian election
By DTI
SYDNEY, Australia: A few days after
the Australian elections, the Australian Dental Association (ADA)
has reaffirmed its commitment to
collaborating with the re-elected
coalition government to improve
Australia’s dental health and to implement the ADA’s Australian Dental Health Plan (ADHP).
The election result follows a
campaign in which the Australian
Labor Party pledged A$2.4 billion
to a pensioner dental plan, which
wou ld have i nvested up to
A$2 million in older Australians’
improved access to dental care.
Th e Au s t r a l i a n Gr e e n s we r e
planning to invest A$5.8 billion in
Medicare-funded dental care. The
Labor policy was welcomed with
pa r t ic u l a r ent hu si a sm , a s it
fulfilled key elements of the ADHP,
which provides a comprehensive
framework through which the
federal government can provide
services to groups with unmet
dental health needs. These groups
i nc lude c h i ld ren , adu lts a nd
seniors from lower socio-economic
backgrounds, Abor iginal and
Torres Strait Islander people from
rural and remote areas, and those
with special needs.
Despite Labor’s loss, the emphasis on fulfilling the ADHP will continue with a coalition government,
noted ADA President Dr Carmelo
Bonanno. “During the election, the
ADA was overwhelmed by feedback
from both ADA branches around
Australia and the public about the
desperate need to provide oral
healthcare to disadvantaged groups.”
“This is a critical area for the
coalition government to address
the needs of the disadvantaged for
whom public waiting lists mean
their oral health declines while they
wait to be treated,” he explained.
“Everyone in Australia, regardless
of their ability to pay, should be
able to receive dental care. Our goal
is a robust model of a mix of affordable public and private dentistry
which accommodates the dental
needs of the whole community.”
The ADA has long lobbied successive federal governments to address the urgent and growing need
for additional, targeted and sustainable funding to meet the requirements of disadvantaged Australians,
and it will continue its push for affordable oral healthcare with the
re-elected coalition government.
The Australian Dental Association has expressed its commitment to its continued work with the newly re-elected coalition to
achieve affordable dental healthcare. (Photograph: Robert Kneschke/Shutterstock)
“We look forward to continue
working with Minister [Gregory
Andrew] Hunt to improve the dental health of the Australian public
and will be lobbying for implemen-
tation of the ADA’s Australian Dental Health Plan,” Bonanno said. “As
a non-partisan organisation, the
ADA has long-standing relationships with both sides of the politi-
cal divide. We will work productively
with both the coalition government
and the Labor opposition to bring
about good policy for dentists and
the Australians they treat.”
[9] =>
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
09
WORLD NEWS
Study disproves need for antibiotic prophylaxis
for prevention of dental implant infections
By DTI
NEW YORK, U.S.: The question of
whether antibiotics positively influence the survival of dental implants in overall healthy patients
is still highly discussed. Thus, in a
recent study, researchers from the
New York University College of
Dentistry sought to determine the
efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis
and specific antibiotic regimens
for the prevention of postoperative
infection (POI) in dental implant
placement.
A recent study has found that the
prophylactic use of antibiotics has no
influence on the prevalence of
post-surgical dental implant complications in overall healthy patients.
(Photograph: megaflop/Shutterstock)
Randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) comparing antibiotics with
no antibiotics or placebo for dental
implant placement were considered.
The primary outcome was early,
late or total POI, and wound dehiscence, pain and adverse events of
antibiotic treatment were secondary outcomes.
The researchers screened 1,022
abstracts and ten RCTs, involving a
total of 1,934 patients. All ten individual studies reported no statistically significant difference for POI.
Meta-analysis found no statistically
significant differences in early, late
or total POI, wound dehiscence or
adverse effects between antibiotic
and no-antibiotic groups.
The researchers concluded:
“The results of this systematic review suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis may not be indicated for
prevention of POIs following dental implant placement in overall
healthy patients. These findings
and in light of antibiotic-associ-
ated risks for individual and public health demand revaluation of
routine prescription of antibiotic
prophylaxis in dental implant
placement procedures.” The study,
titled “Antibiotic prophylaxis may
not be indicated for prevention of
dental implant infections in healthy
patients. A systematic review and
meta-analysis,” was published in
the April 2019 issue of Clinical Oral
Investigations.
AD
[10] =>
10
WORLD NEWS
Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Edition | 03/2019
Project for improved root canal
therapy launched
By DTI
ROSTOCK, Germany: In Germany,
about 7.5 million root canal therapies are carried out annually. With
the help of an innovative system,
it may soon be possible to carry
out ultrasonic preparation of the
root canal and to monitor the condition of the file during treatment.
In addition, protection against
thermomechanical overloading
will prevent the instrument from
breaking.
Research teams from Rostock,
Dresden, Leipzig and Lemgo in Germany have begun a new project
aimed at improving root canal therapy. Sponsored by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research’s (BMBF’s) funding programme Twenty20—Partnership
for Innovation, and the smart3 consortium, members of the medical
faculty at the University of Rostock
and the Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems are
working together on the project.
“We are pleased to have strong
partners at our side in this project
and are working very closely and
in an interdisciplinary way with
them. We are counting on great
benefits for our patients,” emphasised Prof. Emil Reisinger, dean and
scientific director of the medical
faculty at the University of Rostock.
In Germany, about 7.5 million root canal therapies are carried out annually. (Photograph: LEDOMSTOCK/Shutterstock)
The aim of this IPUCLEAN joint research project is the development
of a piezoelectric ultrasonic cleaning system to support root canal
therapy with rotating super-elastic
files made of shape memory alloys.
“The joint project is intended
to improve the treatment process
and patient safety during root
canal therapy in the medium
term—at the same time ensuring
and increasing the quality of the
treatment results achieved,” said
Prof. Rainer Bader, head of the
FORBIOMIT research laboratory
for biomechanics and implant
technology at Rostock University
Medical Center.
The project is being funded by
a BMBF grant of more than €1 million. The research is being supported
by Komet Dental, Werner Industrielle Elektronik and Zahntechnik
Leipzig.
US dentists prescribe 37 times more opioids
than English dentists do, study finds
By DTI
CHICAGO, U.S.: With the overprescription of opioids causing many
severe health and addiction issues
in the U.S., it is imperative that dental professionals remain aware of
the issue and carefully consider
their prescription practices. In a recent study, researchers from the
University of Illinois at Chicago
(UIC) in the U.S. and the University
of Sheffield in England, each looked
at the number of opioids being prescribed in their respective countries
and discovered that dentists practicing in the U.S. write 37 times more
prescriptions than dentists in England do.
“To see such a difference between two groups of dentists in
countries with similar oral health
and use of dentists is an indicator
that opioid prescribing practices in
the U.S. warrant a second look,” said
Dr. Katie Suda, Associate Professor
of Pharmacy Systems, outcomes
and policy at the UIC College of
Pharmacy. “This study tells us that
efforts to adopt national guidelines
for treating dental pain and for promoting conservative opioid prescribing practices among dentists
in the U.S. should be a priority and
should be included as part of more
comprehensive judicious opioid
prescribing strategies.”
In order to obtain the data
needed, the researchers analyzed
nationally representative databases
of prescriptions from both countries. These prescriptions were dispensed from retail pharmacies, in-
cluding community and mail service pharmacies, and outpatient
clinic pharmacies in 2016, which is
considered to be a peak point in the
U.S. opioid crisis. According to the
results, U.S. dentists wrote 1.4 million prescriptions, compared to just
28,000 in England. The stark difference remained when the re-
searchers adjusted for differences
in population size and number of
dentists.
deine, oxycodone and tramadol,
whereas in England, dentists only
prescribed one, dihydrocodeine.
In addition to prescribing more,
U.S. dentists were prescribing a
larger variety of opioids. The most
common prescriptions were hydrocodone-based, followed by co-
“This data should be a wake-up
call to individual dental practices
and collaborative organizations of
dental care providers to push the
envelope towards greater efforts to
reduce opioid prescribing or patients’ potential for abuse,” said
co-author Dr. Susan Rowan from
the UIC College of Dentistry.
Co-author Dr. Martin Thornhill, Professor of Translational Research in Dentistry at the University of Sheffield, said: “I was shocked
to discover the high level of opioid
prescribing of my U.S. dental colleagues. Particularly, when there
is good evidence that NSAIDs and
acetaminophen are as good or
better than opioids for treating
dental pain and don’t cause the
unpleasant side effects, addiction
and misuse problems associated
with opioids.”
In a recent study, researchers compared the opioid prescribing practices of dentists in England and the U.S., and uncovered a
significant difference. (Photograph: David Smart/Shutterstock)
The study, titled “Comparison
of opioid prescribing by dentists in
the United States and England,” was
published in the May 2019 issue of
JAMA Network Open.
[11] =>
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